粘性阻尼在硬特性刚度隔冲系统中的作用
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摘要
长期以来,一直认为对于持续时间很短的(毫秒范围内)的冲击,阻尼对最大的结构响应没有显著的影响,因此隔冲系统通常都只是从刚度上进行设计。随着磁流变/电流变阻尼器等的出现,在冲击隔离中使用阻尼或半主动阻尼逐渐成为研究的热点。但主要集中在地震防护等冲击持续时间较长或只关心相对位移幅值的应用中。而对于舰船设备这类,遭受持续时间很短(十毫秒量级)的冲击,但又对冲击隔离效率和相对位移幅值都有严格要求的冲击隔离问题,这方面的研究很少,通过对粘性阻尼在硬特性刚度隔冲系统中的作用的研究,表明阻尼可以明显改善隔冲系统的隔冲性能,同时也发现刚度的硬特性的增强可以提升阻尼在冲击隔离中的作用。
It is considered for a long time that damping hasn't obvious effect on structure's maximum response when it suffered from a short time shock.So a shock isolation system is often designed only considering rigidity.Using damping or semi-active damping in a shock isolation system gradually becomes a hot topic after appearance of MR/ER dampers.But studies mainly concentrate in applications where there is a long time shock of earthquake or the maximum relative displacement is concerned only.But few studies are focused on problems where there is a short time shock but strict demand on both shock isolation efficiency and relative displacement amplitude,they exist in warships.The effect of viscous damping on a hard rigidity shock isolation system is studied here.It is indicated that using damping can obviously improve its shock isolation performance and strengthening hard characteristic of its rigidity can increase the effect of damping on shock isolation.
It is considered for a long time that damping hasn't obvious effect on structure's maximum response when it suffered from a short time shock.So a shock isolation system is often designed only considering rigidity.Using damping or semi-active damping in a shock isolation system gradually becomes a hot topic after appearance of MR/ER dampers.But studies mainly concentrate in applications where there is a long time shock of earthquake or the maximum relative displacement is concerned only.But few studies are focused on problems where there is a short time shock but strict demand on both shock isolation efficiency and relative displacement amplitude,they exist in warships.The effect of viscous damping on a hard rigidity shock isolation system is studied here.It is indicated that using damping can obviously improve its shock isolation performance and strengthening hard characteristic of its rigidity can increase the effect of damping on shock isolation.
引文
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[2]屈维德,唐恒龄.机械振动手册[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2000.
[3]Ramallo Juan C,Johnson Erik A,etc.Effects of Semi-activeDamping on the Response of Base-Isolated Buildings[C].the13th ASCE Engineering Mechanics Division Conference,JohnsHopkins University,Baltimore,Maryland,June 1999,13—16.
[4]Ruangrassamee A,Kawashima K.Semi-Active Control ofBridges with Use of Magnetorheological damper[C].12th Eu-ropean Conference on Earthquake Engineering.Paper Refer-ence 171.
[5]Mikuowski G,Holnicki-Szulc J.Adaptive aircraft shock ab-sorbers[C].AMAS Workshop on Smart Materials and Struc-tures SMART'03,Jadwisin,September 2003,2—5.
[6]Wu Dong-nan,Link C Jaw.ER Fluid Dampers and Their Ap-plication in Shock Mitigation[C],Proceedings of the AmericanControl Conference Philadelphia,Pennsylvania June 1998.
[7]Yoshioka H,Ramallo J C,Spencer Jr B F.“Smart”Base Iso-lation Strategies Employing Magnetorheological Dampers[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,MAY 2002,540—551.
[8]师汉民,湛刚,吴雅.机械振动系统——分析、测试、建模、对策[M].武汉:华中理工大学出版社,1992.
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