大规模灾害救助中面向伤员簇的救护车配置
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摘要
研究了伤员簇人数函数和救护车救助能力函数的性质,提出了大规模伤员救助中救护车满负荷工作约束的简化等价条件。基于此条件,给出了伤员救助工期的一个下界和单种救护车情形下的最小救助工期。通过建立数学模型,在给定救助工期的条件下求救护车最小需求量及其分配方案;在给定救护车数量条件下求最小工期和最小总加权工期救护车分配方案。以上模型考虑了多种规格救护车的组合。利用模拟地震场景数据进行试算,结果表明模型的合理性和求解方法的有效性。
The properties of casualties cluster function and ambulance rescuing capacity function are studied to obtain the simplified equivalent condition of ambulances full-loaded constraints in large-scale emergency.Based on this condition,a lower bound for the rescuing makespan is derived and minimized makespan is obtained in the condition of ambulances with single capacity.With given rescuing makespan,the minimum demand for ambulances and its allocation scheme is proposed by setting up programming model.With given number of ambulances and different thresholds,the minimum makespan and weighted total flow time allocation scheme is also obtained by improved model.The combination of ambulances with different capacities is considered in these models.The numerical case based on a simulated earthquake scenario illustrates the validity and efficiency of the proposed method.
The properties of casualties cluster function and ambulance rescuing capacity function are studied to obtain the simplified equivalent condition of ambulances full-loaded constraints in large-scale emergency.Based on this condition,a lower bound for the rescuing makespan is derived and minimized makespan is obtained in the condition of ambulances with single capacity.With given rescuing makespan,the minimum demand for ambulances and its allocation scheme is proposed by setting up programming model.With given number of ambulances and different thresholds,the minimum makespan and weighted total flow time allocation scheme is also obtained by improved model.The combination of ambulances with different capacities is considered in these models.The numerical case based on a simulated earthquake scenario illustrates the validity and efficiency of the proposed method.
引文
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[2]Goldberg J B.Operations research models for the deployment of emergency services vehicles[J].EMS Management Journal,2004,1(1):20-39.
[3]Alsalloum O I,Rand G K.Extensions to emergency vehicle location models[J].Computers and Operations Research,2006,33(27):25-43.
[4]Andersson T,Vrbrand P.Decision support tools for ambulance dispatch and relocation[J].Journal of the Operational Research Society,2007,58:195-201.
[5]Mete H O,Zabinsky Z B.Stochastic optimization of medical supply location and distribution in disastermanagement[J].International Journal of Production Economics,2010,126(1):76-84.
[6]Rajagopalan H K,Saydam C,Xiao J.A multi-period set covering location model for dynamic redeployment of ambulances[J].Computers and Operations Research,2008,35(3):814-826.
[7]Erdemir E T,Batta R,Peter A,et al.Joint ground and air emergency medical services coverage models:A greedy heuristic solution approach[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2010,207(2):736-749.
[8]Scott P D.Crisis management in a data fusion synthetic task environment[C]//Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Information Fusion,2004:330-337.
[9]Jotshi A,Gong Q,Batta R.Dispatching and routing of emergency vehicles in disaster mitigation using data fusion[J].Socio-Economic Planning Sciences,2009,43:1-24.
[10]Islam K M S.Spatial dynamic queuing models for the daily deployment of air-tankers for forest fire control[D].University of Toronto,1998.
[11]Gong Q,Batta R.Allocation and reallocation of ambulances to casualty clusters in a disaster relief operation[J].IIE Transactions,2007,39(1):27-39.
[12]杨文国,黄钧,郭田德.大规模突发事件中伤员救助的救护车分配优化模型[J].系统工程理论与实践,2010,30(7):1218-1224.
[13]钟永光,毛中根,翁文同,等.非常规突发事件应急管理研究进展[J].系统工程理论与实践,2012,32(5):911-918.
[14]杨文国,黄钧,池宏,等.信息缺失下的应急方案选择模型及其算法研究[J].中国管理科学,2007,15(专刊):729-732.
[15]魏国强,吴亮,杨永清.应急资源调度的模糊规划模型[J].计算机工程与应用,2011,47(33):222-225.
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