福建晋江深沪湾潮间带旧石器遗址
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摘要
晋江深沪湾海滨潮间带近期发现一处旧石器时代晚期遗址,这种类型的遗址在福建省境内尚属首次。出土的石制品共87件,分属四种类型,从器型和加工技术判断,与我国南方常见的砾石工业不甚相同;伴生的哺乳动物化石有亚洲象和水牛等。根据遗址周边古牡蛎礁和古森林遗迹测年及与第四纪地层对比,文化层年代距今25—10ka BP。坐落在潮间带的遗址,对早期人类生存环境、生产活动和行为方面的研究具有重要意义,也为深沪湾环境变迁和海平面升降的研究提供新的资料。
A Paleolithic site buried from the tides of Shenhu Bay was discovered in January 2009 by several tourists.The same year,archaeologists from the Fujian Museum and Jinjiang Museum launched an investigation and test excavation of this new site.The site located at the coast of southeastern of Jinjiang City,Fujian Province,with geographic coordinates of 24°38′16.2″N,118°38′49.4″E.Together with evidence for ancient forests and ancient oysters,this Paleolithic site shows a peculiar landscape.A total of 87 stone artifacts and several mammalian fossils including Elephurus maximus,Bubalus sp.and Cervidea were collected.The stone assemblage includes cores,flakes,chunks,scrapers,choppers and points.Only three kinds of raw materials including quartzite,crystal and quartz were indentified.Direct hammer percussion and bipolar percussion techniques were used.Most of flakes were flat platform type,and the size of the artifacts was mainly medium(30-100mm),which was different from the Pebble Tool Industry(Main Industry) in South China.Rough retouch and variability of tool shapes suggests tools being used in an expedient fashion.With evidence from Quaternary geology,geomorphology,mammalian fossils and chronology from an adjacent area,we infer the age of the cultural layer may be 10-15ka BP.
A Paleolithic site buried from the tides of Shenhu Bay was discovered in January 2009 by several tourists.The same year,archaeologists from the Fujian Museum and Jinjiang Museum launched an investigation and test excavation of this new site.The site located at the coast of southeastern of Jinjiang City,Fujian Province,with geographic coordinates of 24°38′16.2″N,118°38′49.4″E.Together with evidence for ancient forests and ancient oysters,this Paleolithic site shows a peculiar landscape.A total of 87 stone artifacts and several mammalian fossils including Elephurus maximus,Bubalus sp.and Cervidea were collected.The stone assemblage includes cores,flakes,chunks,scrapers,choppers and points.Only three kinds of raw materials including quartzite,crystal and quartz were indentified.Direct hammer percussion and bipolar percussion techniques were used.Most of flakes were flat platform type,and the size of the artifacts was mainly medium(30-100mm),which was different from the Pebble Tool Industry(Main Industry) in South China.Rough retouch and variability of tool shapes suggests tools being used in an expedient fashion.With evidence from Quaternary geology,geomorphology,mammalian fossils and chronology from an adjacent area,we infer the age of the cultural layer may be 10-15ka BP.
引文
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[4]曾从盛,陈居成,吴幼恭.闽东南沿海老红砂研究[M].北京,地质出版社,1999.
[5]张明书,刘守全,李绍全,等.福建深沪湾晚更新世湖泊———冲洪积地层序列的发现及其意义[J].中国地质,1998(9).
[6]徐起浩.福建深沪湾晚更新世古牡蛎滩的发育与留存古环境[J].海洋科学;2002(4).
[7]俞鸣同,王绍鸿,赵希涛.福建深沪湾牡蛎礁的测量与研究新进展[J].第四纪研究,2000(6).
[8]Behrensmeyer AK.Taphonomic and Ecologic information from bone weathering[J].Paleobiology,1978,4(2):150-162.
[9]尤玉柱.史前考古埋藏学概论[M].北京:文物出版社,1989,1-262.
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[11]邓鼎兴.对福建深沪海底古森林遗址古地理环境的探讨[J].资源调查与环境,2007(1).
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