桂中山区宽线地震采集观测系统优选
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摘要
广西中部喀斯特地貌区地表非均质性强,每一条单线的共炮点记录和共接收点记录品质在不同岩性段存在较大的不一致性,单线叠加不能很好地解决这个问题。为此,进行了3线3炮宽线地震采集试验,分别对3条单线和单线相加的共炮点记录、共接收点记录,以及单线和宽线叠加剖面的信噪比和频率进行了对比分析。结果表明,当3条单线的信噪比曲线变化趋势较为一致时,单线相加或宽线的信噪比提高幅度不大,采用宽线方式的优势不明显;当3条单线的信噪比曲线变化趋势不一致或剧烈变化时,单线相加或宽线的信噪比提高幅度较大,这种情况下采用宽线方式的优势明显。但宽线方式多线接收不可避免地降低了资料的频率成分。在此基础上,提出了利用单线信噪比最低值和主频最高值计算剖面信噪比提高率和主频降低率的方法,探讨了不同宽线方式的剖面信噪比和主频之间存在的近似反比关系,给出了近似拟合公式,据此选取桂中山区合理的宽线观测系统为3线2炮观测方式。
The surface of karst topography in Guizhong mountainous area is characterized by strong heterogeneity,so the quality of common- shot record and common-receiving record of different lithology sections in one single line varies largely,and the stack of single line cannot well solve the problem.Therefore,we carried out three-line & three-shot wide line seismic acquisition experiment,to analyze the common-shot record and common-receiving record of the sum of three single lines,as well as the S/N and frequency of single-line and wide line stack profiles.The results show that when the variation of the S/N curves from the three lines is uniform,the S/N cannot be largely improved by single-line stack or wide line,so the advantage of wide line is not obvious;if the variation trend is severe, wide line means is optimal.However,multi-line receiving in wide line means will inevitably decrease the frequency component of the seismic data.Aiming at the problem,we proposed the method for computing the improvement ratio of S/N and the reduction ratio of dominant frequency by using lowest value of S/N and highest value of dominant frequency of single line.Meanwhile,we discussed the approximate reciprocal relationship between the S/N and dominant frequency with wide line means and obtained the approximate fitting formula.In terms of the achievements,we selected three-line & two-shot wide line geometry for the seismic acquisition of Guizhong mountainous area.
The surface of karst topography in Guizhong mountainous area is characterized by strong heterogeneity,so the quality of common- shot record and common-receiving record of different lithology sections in one single line varies largely,and the stack of single line cannot well solve the problem.Therefore,we carried out three-line & three-shot wide line seismic acquisition experiment,to analyze the common-shot record and common-receiving record of the sum of three single lines,as well as the S/N and frequency of single-line and wide line stack profiles.The results show that when the variation of the S/N curves from the three lines is uniform,the S/N cannot be largely improved by single-line stack or wide line,so the advantage of wide line is not obvious;if the variation trend is severe, wide line means is optimal.However,multi-line receiving in wide line means will inevitably decrease the frequency component of the seismic data.Aiming at the problem,we proposed the method for computing the improvement ratio of S/N and the reduction ratio of dominant frequency by using lowest value of S/N and highest value of dominant frequency of single line.Meanwhile,we discussed the approximate reciprocal relationship between the S/N and dominant frequency with wide line means and obtained the approximate fitting formula.In terms of the achievements,we selected three-line & two-shot wide line geometry for the seismic acquisition of Guizhong mountainous area.
引文
[1]李华科,魏艳.地表复杂地区地震勘探采集技术新方法[J].内蒙古石油化工,2010,36(16):97-101
[2]陈小二,范昆,汤兴友,等.复杂山地地震采集技术在库车坳陷的应用[J].天然气工业,2010,30(9):25-27
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[4]于相海,刘明乾,汪铁望,等.鄂尔多斯盆地黄土塬区弯宽线地震资料处理[J].石油地球物理勘探,2010, 45(增刊):80-85
[5]林伯香,肖万富,李博.层析静校正在黄土塬弯宽线资料处理中的应用[J].石油物探,2007,46(4): 417-420
[6]王栋,贺振华,孙建库,等.宽线加大基距组合技术在喀什北区块复杂山地的应用[J].石油物探,2010,49 (6):606-610
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[8]朱鹏宇,杨晗,杨海涛,等.宽线观测大组合接收技术在阜康断裂带的应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2010, 33(5):359-362
[9]梁黎明,罗仁泽.黄土塬地区宽线地震资料处理技术的几点认识[J].天然气技术,2009,3(2):24-27
[10]罗仁泽,梁黎明,吴希光,等.宽线大组合理论及其在黄土塬地震采集中的应用[J].天然气工业,2009,29 (2):54-56
[11]吴超,彭更新,雷刚林,等.宽线加大组合地震技术在库车坳陷中部勘探中的应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2008,31(4):1-6
[12]刘依谋,梁向豪,黄有晖,等.库车坳陷复杂山地宽线采集技术及应用效果[J].石油物探,2008,47(4):418-424
[13]殷军,徐峰,杨举勇,等.库车地区宽线采集技术应用与效果[J].天然气工业,2008,28(6):49-51
[2]陈小二,范昆,汤兴友,等.复杂山地地震采集技术在库车坳陷的应用[J].天然气工业,2010,30(9):25-27
[3]罗仁泽,黄元溢,曾俊峰,等.宽线大组合地震接收原理及实践[J].天然气技术与经济,2010,4(6):21-23
[4]于相海,刘明乾,汪铁望,等.鄂尔多斯盆地黄土塬区弯宽线地震资料处理[J].石油地球物理勘探,2010, 45(增刊):80-85
[5]林伯香,肖万富,李博.层析静校正在黄土塬弯宽线资料处理中的应用[J].石油物探,2007,46(4): 417-420
[6]王栋,贺振华,孙建库,等.宽线加大基距组合技术在喀什北区块复杂山地的应用[J].石油物探,2010,49 (6):606-610
[7]卢占国,吕景峰,刘新文,等.复杂山地宽线大组合优化应用[J].天然气勘探与开发,2009,32(1):18-25
[8]朱鹏宇,杨晗,杨海涛,等.宽线观测大组合接收技术在阜康断裂带的应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2010, 33(5):359-362
[9]梁黎明,罗仁泽.黄土塬地区宽线地震资料处理技术的几点认识[J].天然气技术,2009,3(2):24-27
[10]罗仁泽,梁黎明,吴希光,等.宽线大组合理论及其在黄土塬地震采集中的应用[J].天然气工业,2009,29 (2):54-56
[11]吴超,彭更新,雷刚林,等.宽线加大组合地震技术在库车坳陷中部勘探中的应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2008,31(4):1-6
[12]刘依谋,梁向豪,黄有晖,等.库车坳陷复杂山地宽线采集技术及应用效果[J].石油物探,2008,47(4):418-424
[13]殷军,徐峰,杨举勇,等.库车地区宽线采集技术应用与效果[J].天然气工业,2008,28(6):49-51
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