地下储油罐污染环境的工程修复技术
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摘要
由于腐蚀、地震、长期使用维护不力等原因会造成地下储油罐油品的泄漏,形成土壤和地下水的污染。本文概述了地下储油罐污染的工程修复技术,主要包括有土壤气相抽提、生物通风、生物堆制处理法、土壤耕作法、地下水曝气、生物曝气、地下水原位生物修复和双相抽提,并给出了各种技术的简单流程图和适用条件,指出了各自的优缺点。
Leakage of petroleum products from storage tanks, resulting from corrosion, lack of proper maintenance or earthquake often pollutes soil and groundwater. Engineering techniques for remedying polluted environment around the underground storage tank (UST) sites, were discussed, including soil gas extraction, bio-venting, bio-composting, soil tilling, sparging of groundwater, bio-sparging, in-situ bio-remediation of groundwater and dual-phase extraction. Besides, a simple flow chart, application range, advantages and disadvantages of each technology were presented in this paper.
Leakage of petroleum products from storage tanks, resulting from corrosion, lack of proper maintenance or earthquake often pollutes soil and groundwater. Engineering techniques for remedying polluted environment around the underground storage tank (UST) sites, were discussed, including soil gas extraction, bio-venting, bio-composting, soil tilling, sparging of groundwater, bio-sparging, in-situ bio-remediation of groundwater and dual-phase extraction. Besides, a simple flow chart, application range, advantages and disadvantages of each technology were presented in this paper.
引文
[1]徐冰,刘晖,聂晓炜,翁燕萍.世界中长期石油供需及油价形势.中国能源,2005,27(9):23-24
[2]李勇,徐瑞薇.有机污染物在土壤和地下水中迁移建模.农村生态环境,1994,10(3):64-68
[3]Truax DD,Brittu R,Sherrard JH.Bench-scale studies of reactor-based treatment of fuel-contaminated soils.Waste Management,1995,15(5):351-357
[4]曹刚,王华.石油污染及治理.沿海企业与科技,2005(3):92-94
[5]Rulkens WH,Tichy R,Grotenhuis JTC.Remediation of polluted soil and sediment:Perspectives and failures.Water Science and Technology,1998,37(8):27-35
[6]USEPA.How to Evaluate Alternative Cleanup Technologies for Underground Storage Tank Sites-A Guide for Corrective Action Plan Reviewers(EPA510-B-94-003).1994.http://www.epa.gov/oust/pubs/tums.htm
[7]Nyer EK.Practical Techniques for Groundwater and Soil Remediation.Boca Raton,FL:Lewis Publishers,CRC Press,Inc.,1993
[8]Pedersen TA,Curtis JT.Soil vapor extraction technology.New Jerzey:Williom Andrew Publishing,1991
[9]Marquis SA Jr.Soil remediation of a lower-permeability unit using an in situ vapor extraction system with a combined thermal-catalytic oxidizer vapor treatment system.Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soils and Groundwater,1993,3:351-370
[10]Kaleris V,Croise J.Estimation of cleanup time in layered soils by vapor extraction.Journal of Contaminant Hydrology,1999,36(1):105-129
[11]Zaidel J,Zazovsky A.Theoretical study of multicomponent soil vapor extraction:Propagation of evaporation-condensation fronts.Journal of Contaminant Hydrology,1999,37(3):225-268
[12]Kirtland BC,Aelion CM.Petroleum mass removal from low permeability sediment using air sparging/soil vapor extraction:Impact of continuous or pulsed operation.Journal of Contaminant Hydrology,2000,41(3):367-383
[13]武晓峰,唐杰,藤间幸久.土壤、地下水中有机物的就地处置.环境污染治理技术与设备,2000,1(4):46-51
[14]Jones DA,Lelyveld TP,Mavrofidis SD,Kingman SW,Miles NJ.Microwave heating applications in environmental engineering:A review.Resources,Conservation and Recycling,2002,34:75-90
[15]Widdowson MA,Haney OR,Reeves HW,Aelion CM,Ray RP.Multilevel soil vapor extraction test for heterogeneous soil.Journal of Environmental Engineering,1997,123(2):160-168
[16]黄国强,李鑫钢,徐世民.土壤气相抽提作用机制探讨和基本数学模型建立.土壤学报,2004,41(3):394-400
[17]Mcclure PD,Sleep BE.Simulation of bioventing for soil and ground-water remediation.Journal of Environmental Engineering,1996,122(11):1003-1012
[18]何翊,吴海,魏薇.石油污染土壤菌剂修复技术研究.土壤,2005,37(3):338-340
[19]Liu BR,Jia GM,Chen J,Wang G.A review of methods for studying microbial diversity in soils.Pedosphere,2006,16(1):18-24
[20]沈定华,许绍怡,于鑫,胡文勇.土壤有机污染生物修复技术影响因素的研究进展.土壤,2004,36(5):463-467
[21]Alexander M.Biodegradation and Bioremediation.San Diego,CA:Academic Press,1994
[22]Williams A,Xing BS,Veneman P.Effect of cultivation on soil organic matter and aggregate stability.Pedosphere,2005,15(2):255-262
[23]Flathman PE,Jerger DE.Bioremediation Field Experience.Boca Raton,FL:CRC Press,1993
[24]Hinchee.E.,Air Sparging for Site Remediation.Bbttelle Memorial Institute,Columbus,Ohio:Battelle Press,1994
[25]Johnston C,Rayner JL,Patterson BM,Davis GB.Volatilization and biodegradation during air sparging of dissolved BTEX-contaminated groundwater.Journal of Contaminated Hydrology,1998,33(3/4):377-404
[26]Benner ML,Stanford SM,Lee LS,Mohtar RH.Field and numerical analysis of in-situ air sparging:A case study.Journal of Hazardous Materials,2000,72(2/3):2l7-236
[27]Murray WA,Lunardini RC,Ullo FJ,Davidson ME.Site5air sparging pilot test,Naval Air Station Cecil Field,Jacksonville,Florida.Journal of Hazardous Materials,2000,72(2):121-145
[28]Brian C,Kirtland C,Marjorie A.Petroleum mass removal from low permeability sediment using air sparging soil vapor extraction impact of continuous or pulsed operation.Journal of Contaminant Hydrology,2000,41(3):367-383
[29]张英,姜斌,黄国强,徐世民,李鑫钢.空气喷射处理饱和土壤和地下水中有机污染物.环境污染治理技术与设备,2003,4(4):70-74
[30]隋红,李鑫钢,黄国强,张英,高晓凡.土壤有机污染的原位修复技术.环境污染治理技术与设备,2003,19:33-36
[31]陈玉成.污染环境生物修复工程.北京:化学工业出版社,2003
[32]Hess RE,Hooper AA,Morrow SR,Walker DJ,Zimmerman E.Apparatus for Two Phase Vacuum Extraction of Soil Contaminants.U.S.Patent No.5197541,1993,March30
[2]李勇,徐瑞薇.有机污染物在土壤和地下水中迁移建模.农村生态环境,1994,10(3):64-68
[3]Truax DD,Brittu R,Sherrard JH.Bench-scale studies of reactor-based treatment of fuel-contaminated soils.Waste Management,1995,15(5):351-357
[4]曹刚,王华.石油污染及治理.沿海企业与科技,2005(3):92-94
[5]Rulkens WH,Tichy R,Grotenhuis JTC.Remediation of polluted soil and sediment:Perspectives and failures.Water Science and Technology,1998,37(8):27-35
[6]USEPA.How to Evaluate Alternative Cleanup Technologies for Underground Storage Tank Sites-A Guide for Corrective Action Plan Reviewers(EPA510-B-94-003).1994.http://www.epa.gov/oust/pubs/tums.htm
[7]Nyer EK.Practical Techniques for Groundwater and Soil Remediation.Boca Raton,FL:Lewis Publishers,CRC Press,Inc.,1993
[8]Pedersen TA,Curtis JT.Soil vapor extraction technology.New Jerzey:Williom Andrew Publishing,1991
[9]Marquis SA Jr.Soil remediation of a lower-permeability unit using an in situ vapor extraction system with a combined thermal-catalytic oxidizer vapor treatment system.Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soils and Groundwater,1993,3:351-370
[10]Kaleris V,Croise J.Estimation of cleanup time in layered soils by vapor extraction.Journal of Contaminant Hydrology,1999,36(1):105-129
[11]Zaidel J,Zazovsky A.Theoretical study of multicomponent soil vapor extraction:Propagation of evaporation-condensation fronts.Journal of Contaminant Hydrology,1999,37(3):225-268
[12]Kirtland BC,Aelion CM.Petroleum mass removal from low permeability sediment using air sparging/soil vapor extraction:Impact of continuous or pulsed operation.Journal of Contaminant Hydrology,2000,41(3):367-383
[13]武晓峰,唐杰,藤间幸久.土壤、地下水中有机物的就地处置.环境污染治理技术与设备,2000,1(4):46-51
[14]Jones DA,Lelyveld TP,Mavrofidis SD,Kingman SW,Miles NJ.Microwave heating applications in environmental engineering:A review.Resources,Conservation and Recycling,2002,34:75-90
[15]Widdowson MA,Haney OR,Reeves HW,Aelion CM,Ray RP.Multilevel soil vapor extraction test for heterogeneous soil.Journal of Environmental Engineering,1997,123(2):160-168
[16]黄国强,李鑫钢,徐世民.土壤气相抽提作用机制探讨和基本数学模型建立.土壤学报,2004,41(3):394-400
[17]Mcclure PD,Sleep BE.Simulation of bioventing for soil and ground-water remediation.Journal of Environmental Engineering,1996,122(11):1003-1012
[18]何翊,吴海,魏薇.石油污染土壤菌剂修复技术研究.土壤,2005,37(3):338-340
[19]Liu BR,Jia GM,Chen J,Wang G.A review of methods for studying microbial diversity in soils.Pedosphere,2006,16(1):18-24
[20]沈定华,许绍怡,于鑫,胡文勇.土壤有机污染生物修复技术影响因素的研究进展.土壤,2004,36(5):463-467
[21]Alexander M.Biodegradation and Bioremediation.San Diego,CA:Academic Press,1994
[22]Williams A,Xing BS,Veneman P.Effect of cultivation on soil organic matter and aggregate stability.Pedosphere,2005,15(2):255-262
[23]Flathman PE,Jerger DE.Bioremediation Field Experience.Boca Raton,FL:CRC Press,1993
[24]Hinchee.E.,Air Sparging for Site Remediation.Bbttelle Memorial Institute,Columbus,Ohio:Battelle Press,1994
[25]Johnston C,Rayner JL,Patterson BM,Davis GB.Volatilization and biodegradation during air sparging of dissolved BTEX-contaminated groundwater.Journal of Contaminated Hydrology,1998,33(3/4):377-404
[26]Benner ML,Stanford SM,Lee LS,Mohtar RH.Field and numerical analysis of in-situ air sparging:A case study.Journal of Hazardous Materials,2000,72(2/3):2l7-236
[27]Murray WA,Lunardini RC,Ullo FJ,Davidson ME.Site5air sparging pilot test,Naval Air Station Cecil Field,Jacksonville,Florida.Journal of Hazardous Materials,2000,72(2):121-145
[28]Brian C,Kirtland C,Marjorie A.Petroleum mass removal from low permeability sediment using air sparging soil vapor extraction impact of continuous or pulsed operation.Journal of Contaminant Hydrology,2000,41(3):367-383
[29]张英,姜斌,黄国强,徐世民,李鑫钢.空气喷射处理饱和土壤和地下水中有机污染物.环境污染治理技术与设备,2003,4(4):70-74
[30]隋红,李鑫钢,黄国强,张英,高晓凡.土壤有机污染的原位修复技术.环境污染治理技术与设备,2003,19:33-36
[31]陈玉成.污染环境生物修复工程.北京:化学工业出版社,2003
[32]Hess RE,Hooper AA,Morrow SR,Walker DJ,Zimmerman E.Apparatus for Two Phase Vacuum Extraction of Soil Contaminants.U.S.Patent No.5197541,1993,March30
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