福建省海岸带脆弱生态环境信息图谱研究
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摘要
海岸带是陆地和海洋的交接地带,随着沿海经济的发展和对外开放,对海岸带的各种开发活动,一方面促进了沿海地区的经济发展,另一方面也使海岸带面临的压力越来越大,如人口增多、资源消耗、环境污染严重等。此外,海岸带的自然灾害频繁,常见的有台风、干旱和地震,海岸带生态环境呈现出典型脆弱性的特征。以地学信息图谱的方法论对海岸带脆弱生态环境进行研究:首先,它依托由对地观测技术、实地调查及社会经济统计而建立起的时空数据库,通过数据挖掘与知识发现,产生征兆图谱;然后,结合评价和时空分析模型及G IS提取诊断图谱;最后,在预测模型的支持下产生实施图谱,从而形成决策方案。实践证明,通过信息图谱能够更直观地反映海岸带脆弱生态环境,包括其现状、驱动因素,以及未来变化趋势,为海岸带的可持续发展规划决策、环境管理,以及防灾减灾对策的制定提供重要的科学依据。
Coastal Zone is the transfer of land and sea areas.With economic development and opening to the outside world,various exploiting activities on coastal zone,on the one hand,promote economic development of coastal areas;on the other hand,make coastal areas facing increasing pressures,such as population increase,consumption of resources and serious environmental pollution,etc.In addition,coastal zone suffers frequent natural disasters,such as typhoon,drought and earthquake.Accordingly,coastal ecological environment shows a typical characteristic of vulnerability.In this paper,fragile ecological environment in the coastal zone was studied based on the Geo-Information Tupu methodology.Firstly,it constructs spatiotemporal database through earth observation,field investigation and social economic statistics,and a symptom Tupu is constructed from data mining and knowledge discovery.Then a diagnose Tupu is extracted by combined evaluation and spatiotemporal analysis.Finally,implement Tupu is generated by the support of forecasting model and the decision project is formed.The practice proves that the study of the fragile properties for eco-environment by the method of Geo-Informatics graphic analysis is almost same as the reality of Fujian Province.The fragile eco-environment including present situation,driving factors and the future trend could be reflected more intuitively through information Tupu.The study of fragile eco-environmental information Tupu by means of Tupu inversion and simulating the spatiotemporal change of eco-environment of coast zone would supply important scientific basis for the planning policy decision of sustainable development in coast zone as well as the countermeasure making of environmental management and disaster prevention and reduction through comprehensive assessment and forecasting of fragile eco-environment in coastal zone by Tupu form.
Coastal Zone is the transfer of land and sea areas.With economic development and opening to the outside world,various exploiting activities on coastal zone,on the one hand,promote economic development of coastal areas;on the other hand,make coastal areas facing increasing pressures,such as population increase,consumption of resources and serious environmental pollution,etc.In addition,coastal zone suffers frequent natural disasters,such as typhoon,drought and earthquake.Accordingly,coastal ecological environment shows a typical characteristic of vulnerability.In this paper,fragile ecological environment in the coastal zone was studied based on the Geo-Information Tupu methodology.Firstly,it constructs spatiotemporal database through earth observation,field investigation and social economic statistics,and a symptom Tupu is constructed from data mining and knowledge discovery.Then a diagnose Tupu is extracted by combined evaluation and spatiotemporal analysis.Finally,implement Tupu is generated by the support of forecasting model and the decision project is formed.The practice proves that the study of the fragile properties for eco-environment by the method of Geo-Informatics graphic analysis is almost same as the reality of Fujian Province.The fragile eco-environment including present situation,driving factors and the future trend could be reflected more intuitively through information Tupu.The study of fragile eco-environmental information Tupu by means of Tupu inversion and simulating the spatiotemporal change of eco-environment of coast zone would supply important scientific basis for the planning policy decision of sustainable development in coast zone as well as the countermeasure making of environmental management and disaster prevention and reduction through comprehensive assessment and forecasting of fragile eco-environment in coastal zone by Tupu form.
引文
[1]黄鹄,戴志军,胡自宁,等.广西海岸环境脆弱性研究[M].北京:海洋出版社,2005,1-2.
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[5]孙然好,张百平.山地垂直带谱数字识别的技术实现和图谱构建[J].地球信息科学,2008,10(6):690-696.
[6]廖克.地学信息图谱的探讨与展望[J].地球信息科学,2002,4(1):15-16.
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[8]赵跃龙.中国脆弱生态环境类型分布及其综合整治[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1999,101-106.
[9]姚建.中国生态环境脆弱性及其评价研究进展[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版),2003,39(3):77-80.
[10]赵跃华.中国脆弱生态环境类型分布及其综合整治[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1996,11-12.
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[12]金建君,恽才兴,巩彩兰.海岸带可持续发展及其指标体系研究———以辽宁省海岸带部分城市为例[J].海洋通报,2001,20(1):62-66.
[13]邢延炎,吕建军,吴亮.城市环境模糊预测与综合评价信息系统[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,2006,46-49.
[14]陈菁.生态环境综合信息图谱的研究———以福建省为例[M].北京:气象出版社,2008,93.
[15]李佳,吴军年,杜哲.生态脆弱地区资源环境经济协调发展程度评价———以民勤地区为例[J].中国沙漠,2007,27(1):118-122.
[16]李秀央,李振洪,蔡雪霞.用EXCEL实现灰色数列模型GM(1,1)的预测[J].数理医药学杂志,2000,13(4):296-297.
[17]陈香,陈静.不同登陆地点影响福建的台风灾害时空特征分析[J].亚热带资源与环境学报,2006,1(2):56-59.
[18]孙美仙,张伟.福建省海岸线遥感调查方法及其应用研究[J].台湾海峡,2004,23(2):214-218.
[19]林军.海岸线变迁环境地质问题研究———以福建南部地区为例[J].地质灾害与环境保护,2006,17(1):30-33.
[20]黄义雄,陈佳源,吴幼恭,等.福建沿海地区土地资源的特点以及可持续利用[J].台湾海峡,2000,19(1):103-106.
[21]陈菁,廖克.区域生态环境综合信息图谱的分类与案例分析———以福建省为例[J].地球信息科学,2007,9(2):85-90.
[2]李慧珍.地学信息图谱的应用探讨[D].福建师范大学硕士学位论文,2006.
[3]许兆霞.地学信息图谱及其在生态环境质量评价中的应用研究[D].西北师范大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[4]丁娟.地学信息图谱在南屯矿区生态环境研究中的应用[D].山东师范大学硕士学位论文,2008.
[5]孙然好,张百平.山地垂直带谱数字识别的技术实现和图谱构建[J].地球信息科学,2008,10(6):690-696.
[6]廖克.地学信息图谱的探讨与展望[J].地球信息科学,2002,4(1):15-16.
[7]陈述彭,岳天祥,励惠国.地学信息图谱研究及其应用[J].地理研究,2000,19(4):339-340.
[8]赵跃龙.中国脆弱生态环境类型分布及其综合整治[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1999,101-106.
[9]姚建.中国生态环境脆弱性及其评价研究进展[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版),2003,39(3):77-80.
[10]赵跃华.中国脆弱生态环境类型分布及其综合整治[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1996,11-12.
[11]田亚平,刘沛林,郑文武.南方丘陵区的生态脆弱度评估———以衡阳盆地为例[J].地理研究,2005,24(6):843-852.
[12]金建君,恽才兴,巩彩兰.海岸带可持续发展及其指标体系研究———以辽宁省海岸带部分城市为例[J].海洋通报,2001,20(1):62-66.
[13]邢延炎,吕建军,吴亮.城市环境模糊预测与综合评价信息系统[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,2006,46-49.
[14]陈菁.生态环境综合信息图谱的研究———以福建省为例[M].北京:气象出版社,2008,93.
[15]李佳,吴军年,杜哲.生态脆弱地区资源环境经济协调发展程度评价———以民勤地区为例[J].中国沙漠,2007,27(1):118-122.
[16]李秀央,李振洪,蔡雪霞.用EXCEL实现灰色数列模型GM(1,1)的预测[J].数理医药学杂志,2000,13(4):296-297.
[17]陈香,陈静.不同登陆地点影响福建的台风灾害时空特征分析[J].亚热带资源与环境学报,2006,1(2):56-59.
[18]孙美仙,张伟.福建省海岸线遥感调查方法及其应用研究[J].台湾海峡,2004,23(2):214-218.
[19]林军.海岸线变迁环境地质问题研究———以福建南部地区为例[J].地质灾害与环境保护,2006,17(1):30-33.
[20]黄义雄,陈佳源,吴幼恭,等.福建沿海地区土地资源的特点以及可持续利用[J].台湾海峡,2000,19(1):103-106.
[21]陈菁,廖克.区域生态环境综合信息图谱的分类与案例分析———以福建省为例[J].地球信息科学,2007,9(2):85-90.
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