多灾害损失评估模型与应用述评
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摘要
评述美国的损失评估模型软件HAZUS-MH的功能架构、模型分析等特色,从其对软硬件要求、数据库组成等方面凸现其功能的完整性,重点分析软件在灾害研究和风险管理中的应用,并结合台湾地震损失评估系统(TELES)的成功经验,提出自主开发损失评估系统的构想。
Mulit-hazard loss estimation model(HAZUS-MH) is a comprehensive and mature GIS-based software of United States for estimating natural disasters loss and risk.In this article it was introduced in its development process,the structure of the composition,analysis functions,hardware and software requirements,applications and so on.It achieved significant contributions in disasters.So with the help of government and the American program company,Taiwan NCREE developed Taiwan Earthquake Loss Estimation System(TELES) according to HAZUS-MH.It succeeded in loss estimation and risk management in Taiwan.The research of hazards in Mainland China was still in theory,with no such like this system.It is high time to develop risk management system for risk planning,mitigation,preparedness,response and recovery.
Mulit-hazard loss estimation model(HAZUS-MH) is a comprehensive and mature GIS-based software of United States for estimating natural disasters loss and risk.In this article it was introduced in its development process,the structure of the composition,analysis functions,hardware and software requirements,applications and so on.It achieved significant contributions in disasters.So with the help of government and the American program company,Taiwan NCREE developed Taiwan Earthquake Loss Estimation System(TELES) according to HAZUS-MH.It succeeded in loss estimation and risk management in Taiwan.The research of hazards in Mainland China was still in theory,with no such like this system.It is high time to develop risk management system for risk planning,mitigation,preparedness,response and recovery.
引文
[1]马宗晋.灾害学导论[M].长沙:湖南人民出版社,1998.
[2]张兰生,史培军.中国自然灾害灾情及减灾对策[M].北京:科学出版社,1990.
[3]李炳元,李钜章,王建军.中国自然灾害的区域组合规律[J].地理学报,1996,51(1):1-10.
[4]王静爱,史培军,王英.中国城市自然灾害区划编制[J].自然灾害学报,2005,14(6):42-47.
[5]商彦蕊.自然灾害综合研究的新进展—脆弱性研究[J].地域研究与开发,1990(2):73-74.
[6]李保俊,袁艺,邹铭.中国自然灾害应急管理研究进展与对策[J].自然灾害学报,2004,13(3):18-23.
[7]朱东海,任爱珠,江见鲸.浅论灾害科学的研究现状[J].灾害学,2000,15(1):67-72.
[8]丹尼斯-米勒蒂.美国国家科学基金会:第二次国家自然灾害评估报告——人为的灾害[M].谭徐明,译.湖南:湖南人民出版社,2004.
[9]Schneider PJ,Schauer BA.HAZUS-Its Development and Its Future[J].Natural Hazards Rev.,2006,7(2):40-44.
[10]Mercado A.On the Use of NOAA's Storm Surge Model,SLOSH,in Managing Coastal Hazards-The Experience in Puerto Rico[J].Natural Hazards,1994,10:235-246.
[11]Villacis CA,Cardona CN,Guidelines for the implementation of earthquake risk management projects[J].Geohazards international,1999,12:3-5.
[12]Mercado A,On the Use of NOAA's Storm Surge Model,SLOSH,in Managing Coastal Hazards-The Experience in Puerto Rico[J].Natural Hazards,1994(10):235-246.
[13]Slayter.D.Implement HAZUS-MH in Pre-Disaster Mitigation[A].County YuBa Office of Emergency Services.2007.
[14]HAZUS-MH Inventory:Potential Application[EB/OL].[2008-12-19].http://www.fema.gov/plan/prevent/hazus.
[15]Kircher CA,Whitman RV,HolmesWT.HAZUS Earthquake Loss Estimation Methods[J].Natural Hazards Rev,2006,7(2):45-59.
[16]Vickery P.J,Lin J,Skerlj PF.HAZUS-MH Hurricane Model Methodology I:Hurricane Hazard,Terrain,and Wind Load Modeling[J].Natural Hazards ev,2006,7(2):82-93.
[17]Vickery PJ,Skerlj PF,Lin J,Twisdale LA,Young M.A,Lavelle FM.HAZUS-MH Hurricane Model MethodologyII:Damage and Loss Estimation[J].Natural Hazards Rev,2006,7(2):94-103.
[18]Quick Guide to HAZUS-MH MR1[A].An ESRI?White Paper,2006:6-11.
[19]HAZUS-MH MR3 FAQs:Study Regions and Other HAZUS Usage[EB/OL].[2008-3-11].http://www.fema.gov/plan/prevent/hazus/faq_studyreg_1.shtm.
[20]Philippines:Rapid Earthquake Damage Assessment System(REDAS)[EB/OL].[2008-12-01].http://www.hazus.org/2008_12_01_archive.html.
[21]HAZUS-MH Best Practices:State of Florida[EB/OL].[2008-1-14].http://www.fema.gov/ptevent/hazus/hz_fl_bestpractices.html.
[22]National HAZUS-MH 2008 User Conference Agenda[EB/OL].[2008-1-14].http://www.fema.gov/plan/prevent/hazus/hz_users.shtm.
[23]HAZUS-MHHurricane Wind Model Validation Study–Florida Hurricanes Charley and Ivan HAZUS-MH?MR-2.FEMA HMTAP 440–Hurrtchne Wind Model Validation Study[R],FEMA,2007,5.
[24]HAZUS-MHModels[EB/OL].[2007-12-3].http://www.fema.gov/plan/prevent/hazus/hz-mh_models.shtm.
[25]叶锦勋.台湾地震损失评估系统(TELES)简介[C].台湾地震损失评估模式、应用与系统操作研习会(REE-03-002),2004.
[26]罗俊雄,叶锦勋,陈亮全.HAZ-Taiwan地震灾害损失评估系统[J].台湾大学台大工程学刊,2003,85:13-33.
[27]叶锦勋.震灾境况模拟技术的研发与应用[C].//台湾活动断层与地震灾害研讨会(成功大学),2004,87-100.
[28]National Institute Of Building Sciences,Earthquake Loss Estimation Method-HAZUS97Technical Manual[R],Risk Management Solution,Inc,1997.
[29]Yeh,C.H and Loh,C.H.,Application of Early Seismic Loss Estimation in Taiwan[C]//,Proceedings of Asia Conference on Earthquake Engineering(Manila,Philippines),2004,3.
[30]Yeh,C.H,Hsieh,M.Y.,and Loh,C.H.,Estimations of Soil Liquefaction Potential and Settlement in Scenario Earthquake[C]//Proceedings of Canada-Taiwan National Hazards Mitigation Workshop(Ottawa,Canada),2002.
[31]史培军.美国减灾考察报告[J].中国减灾,1993,3(3):49-53.
[32]世界银行减灾与重建全球基金.2008年四川汶川5.12地震短期行动计划-根据国际地震灾害恢复和重建的先进经验而撰写[R].抗震救灾国际范例报告,2008,5:1-15.
[2]张兰生,史培军.中国自然灾害灾情及减灾对策[M].北京:科学出版社,1990.
[3]李炳元,李钜章,王建军.中国自然灾害的区域组合规律[J].地理学报,1996,51(1):1-10.
[4]王静爱,史培军,王英.中国城市自然灾害区划编制[J].自然灾害学报,2005,14(6):42-47.
[5]商彦蕊.自然灾害综合研究的新进展—脆弱性研究[J].地域研究与开发,1990(2):73-74.
[6]李保俊,袁艺,邹铭.中国自然灾害应急管理研究进展与对策[J].自然灾害学报,2004,13(3):18-23.
[7]朱东海,任爱珠,江见鲸.浅论灾害科学的研究现状[J].灾害学,2000,15(1):67-72.
[8]丹尼斯-米勒蒂.美国国家科学基金会:第二次国家自然灾害评估报告——人为的灾害[M].谭徐明,译.湖南:湖南人民出版社,2004.
[9]Schneider PJ,Schauer BA.HAZUS-Its Development and Its Future[J].Natural Hazards Rev.,2006,7(2):40-44.
[10]Mercado A.On the Use of NOAA's Storm Surge Model,SLOSH,in Managing Coastal Hazards-The Experience in Puerto Rico[J].Natural Hazards,1994,10:235-246.
[11]Villacis CA,Cardona CN,Guidelines for the implementation of earthquake risk management projects[J].Geohazards international,1999,12:3-5.
[12]Mercado A,On the Use of NOAA's Storm Surge Model,SLOSH,in Managing Coastal Hazards-The Experience in Puerto Rico[J].Natural Hazards,1994(10):235-246.
[13]Slayter.D.Implement HAZUS-MH in Pre-Disaster Mitigation[A].County YuBa Office of Emergency Services.2007.
[14]HAZUS-MH Inventory:Potential Application[EB/OL].[2008-12-19].http://www.fema.gov/plan/prevent/hazus.
[15]Kircher CA,Whitman RV,HolmesWT.HAZUS Earthquake Loss Estimation Methods[J].Natural Hazards Rev,2006,7(2):45-59.
[16]Vickery P.J,Lin J,Skerlj PF.HAZUS-MH Hurricane Model Methodology I:Hurricane Hazard,Terrain,and Wind Load Modeling[J].Natural Hazards ev,2006,7(2):82-93.
[17]Vickery PJ,Skerlj PF,Lin J,Twisdale LA,Young M.A,Lavelle FM.HAZUS-MH Hurricane Model MethodologyII:Damage and Loss Estimation[J].Natural Hazards Rev,2006,7(2):94-103.
[18]Quick Guide to HAZUS-MH MR1[A].An ESRI?White Paper,2006:6-11.
[19]HAZUS-MH MR3 FAQs:Study Regions and Other HAZUS Usage[EB/OL].[2008-3-11].http://www.fema.gov/plan/prevent/hazus/faq_studyreg_1.shtm.
[20]Philippines:Rapid Earthquake Damage Assessment System(REDAS)[EB/OL].[2008-12-01].http://www.hazus.org/2008_12_01_archive.html.
[21]HAZUS-MH Best Practices:State of Florida[EB/OL].[2008-1-14].http://www.fema.gov/ptevent/hazus/hz_fl_bestpractices.html.
[22]National HAZUS-MH 2008 User Conference Agenda[EB/OL].[2008-1-14].http://www.fema.gov/plan/prevent/hazus/hz_users.shtm.
[23]HAZUS-MHHurricane Wind Model Validation Study–Florida Hurricanes Charley and Ivan HAZUS-MH?MR-2.FEMA HMTAP 440–Hurrtchne Wind Model Validation Study[R],FEMA,2007,5.
[24]HAZUS-MHModels[EB/OL].[2007-12-3].http://www.fema.gov/plan/prevent/hazus/hz-mh_models.shtm.
[25]叶锦勋.台湾地震损失评估系统(TELES)简介[C].台湾地震损失评估模式、应用与系统操作研习会(REE-03-002),2004.
[26]罗俊雄,叶锦勋,陈亮全.HAZ-Taiwan地震灾害损失评估系统[J].台湾大学台大工程学刊,2003,85:13-33.
[27]叶锦勋.震灾境况模拟技术的研发与应用[C].//台湾活动断层与地震灾害研讨会(成功大学),2004,87-100.
[28]National Institute Of Building Sciences,Earthquake Loss Estimation Method-HAZUS97Technical Manual[R],Risk Management Solution,Inc,1997.
[29]Yeh,C.H and Loh,C.H.,Application of Early Seismic Loss Estimation in Taiwan[C]//,Proceedings of Asia Conference on Earthquake Engineering(Manila,Philippines),2004,3.
[30]Yeh,C.H,Hsieh,M.Y.,and Loh,C.H.,Estimations of Soil Liquefaction Potential and Settlement in Scenario Earthquake[C]//Proceedings of Canada-Taiwan National Hazards Mitigation Workshop(Ottawa,Canada),2002.
[31]史培军.美国减灾考察报告[J].中国减灾,1993,3(3):49-53.
[32]世界银行减灾与重建全球基金.2008年四川汶川5.12地震短期行动计划-根据国际地震灾害恢复和重建的先进经验而撰写[R].抗震救灾国际范例报告,2008,5:1-15.
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