完善我国现行自然灾害救灾工作模式的思考
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摘要
2008年以来,我国成功应对了汶川地震、玉树地震、舟曲特大泥石流等一系列巨灾.巨灾之后,如何完善和优化我国现行自然灾害救灾工作模式成为摆在各级政府面前不容忽视的课题之一.本文在对我国现行救灾工作模式存在的瓶颈和面临的机遇进行了梳理和分析后,提出了完善我国现行救灾工作模式的思考.
Since 2008,the Chinese government has successfully responded to several large-scale disasters(Wenchuan and Yushu earthquakes,Zhouqu landslide).Therefore,with a detailed analysis of the bottlenecks and opportunities existed in China's current relief mode,this article outlined the author's reflections.The following has been discussed: to make over plans and take all into consideration,to single out and tackle principal contradiction,to carry it out in a sound way,to emphasize the "human-oriented" concept,to perfect top-down disaster management system,to enhance capacity of implementation and cooperation between government agencies,to establish a transparent relief-supervising mechanism,to establish top-down leading mechanism and bottom-up participation mechanism,to make full use of resources available at home and abroad and to take concerted action.
Since 2008,the Chinese government has successfully responded to several large-scale disasters(Wenchuan and Yushu earthquakes,Zhouqu landslide).Therefore,with a detailed analysis of the bottlenecks and opportunities existed in China's current relief mode,this article outlined the author's reflections.The following has been discussed: to make over plans and take all into consideration,to single out and tackle principal contradiction,to carry it out in a sound way,to emphasize the "human-oriented" concept,to perfect top-down disaster management system,to enhance capacity of implementation and cooperation between government agencies,to establish a transparent relief-supervising mechanism,to establish top-down leading mechanism and bottom-up participation mechanism,to make full use of resources available at home and abroad and to take concerted action.
引文
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[2]国务院.中国的减灾行动(白皮书)[S].北京:国务院新闻办,2009
[3]国家减灾委员会.中国政府执行兵库行动纲领中期评估报告[R].北京:国家减灾委员会办公室,2011
[4]联合国国际减灾委员会.世界减灾大会横滨声明[J].自然灾害学报,2004,3(3):103
[5]联合国国际减灾委员会.2005—2015年兵库行动纲领:加强国家和社区抗灾能力[S].神户:减少灾害问题世界会议,2005
[6]史培军.制定国家综合减灾战略,提高巨灾风险防范能力[J].自然灾害学报,2008,2(17):1
[7]邹铭.减灾救灾[M].北京:中国社会出版社,2009
[8]国务院.自然灾害救助条例[S].北京:国务院办公室,2010
[9]史培军.制定国家综合减灾战略,提高巨灾风险防范能力[J].自然灾害学报,2008,2(17):6
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