面向救灾物资需求特征的自然灾害应急响应
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摘要
对救灾物资需求的数量、时间、地域、结构和运输特征进行分析,得到自然灾害应急响应下的救灾物资配送方案。通过选择合适的属性指标表达灾区及物资的差异性,并使用多目标规划的方法构建了物资配送模型,实现救灾物资在灾区的合理、公平分配。以玉树地震关键救援期下的救灾物资配送为例检验物资配送模型,结果在灾区紧急指数较高的地区反映了灾区救灾物资的差异性,而在灾区紧急指数较低且相差不大的地区体现了物资配送的公平性。与传统商业物流配送模型的优化结果比较,验证了救灾物资配送模型的有效性与合理性。
Natural disaster relief distribution was obtained by analyzing the characteristics of relief demands' quantity,time,region,structure and transportation.A fuzzy multi-objective optimization method was proposed to achieve proper and fair relief distribution.The diversity of disaster area and relief commodity were addressed by selecting proper attributes.Relief distribution of Yushu earthquake in key rescue period was taken for example.In disaster areas with high urgent index,the optimal results reflect the diversity of disaster area and relief commodity.While in disaster areas with low urgent index,the results show the fairness of relief distribution.The rationality of proposed method was verified by comparing with the results obtained by traditional commercial logistics model.
Natural disaster relief distribution was obtained by analyzing the characteristics of relief demands' quantity,time,region,structure and transportation.A fuzzy multi-objective optimization method was proposed to achieve proper and fair relief distribution.The diversity of disaster area and relief commodity were addressed by selecting proper attributes.Relief distribution of Yushu earthquake in key rescue period was taken for example.In disaster areas with high urgent index,the optimal results reflect the diversity of disaster area and relief commodity.While in disaster areas with low urgent index,the results show the fairness of relief distribution.The rationality of proposed method was verified by comparing with the results obtained by traditional commercial logistics model.
引文
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[2]Q.Sqbal,K.Mehler,M.B.Yildirim.Comparison of disaster logistics planning and execution for 2005 hurricaneseason[EB/OL]..http://www.ctre.iastate.edu/.2010-02-18.
[3]W.Yi,A.Kumar.Ant colony optimization for disaster relief operations[J].Transportation Research Part E:Logisticsand Transportation Review,2007,43(6):660-672.
[4]W.Yi,L.zdamar.A dynamic logistics coordination model for evacuation and support in disaster response activities[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2007,179(1-3):1 177-1 193.
[5]L.zdamar,E.Ekinci,B.Kckyazici.Emergency logistics planning in natural disasters[J].Annals of OperationsResearch,2004,129(3):217-245.
[6]F.Fiedrich,F.Gehbauer,U.Rickers.Optimized resource allocation for emergency response after earthquake disasters[J].Safety Science,2000,35(1-3):41-57.
[7]G.H.Tzeng,H.J.Cheng,T.D.Huang.Multi-objective optimal planning for designing relief delivery systems[J].Transportation Research Part E:Logistics and Transportation Review,2007,43(6):673-686.
[8]J.B.Sheu.An emergency logistics distribution approach for quick response to urgent relief demand in disasters[J].Transportation Research Part E:Logistics and Transportation Review,2007,43(6):687-709.
[9]G.Barbarosoglu,O.Linet,C.Ahmet.An interactive approach for hierarchical analysis of helicopter logistics in disasterrelief operations[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2002,140(1):118-133.
[10]G.Barbaroso lu,Y.Arda.Atwo-stage stochastic programming framework for transportation planning in disaster response[J].Journal of the Operational Research Society,2004,55(1):43-53.
[11]M.S.Chang,Y.L.Tseng,J.W.Chen.Ascenario planning approach for the flood emergency logistics preparation problemunder uncertainty[J].Transportation Research Part E:Logistics and Transportation Review,2007,43(6):737-754.
[12]H.O.Mete,Z.B.Zabinsky.Stochastic optimization of medical supply location and distribution in disaster management[J].International Journal of Production Economics,2010,126(1):76-84.
[13]A.Haghani,S.C.Oh.Formulation and solution of a multi-commodity,multi-modal Network flowmodel for disaster re-lief operation[J].Transportation research part A:Policy and Practice,1996,30(3):231-250.
[14]P.A.Trunick.Tsunami Aftermath:How to make good logistics better[J].Logistics Today,2005,46(4):12-16.
[15]王丰,姜玉宏,王进.应急物流[M].北京:中国物资出版社,2007.
[16]国家减灾会科技部抗震救灾专家组.汶川地震灾害综合分析与评估[M].北京:科学出版社,2008.
[17]H.B.Mitchell,D.D.Estrakh.An OWA operator with fuzzy ranks[J].International Journal of Intelligent Systems,1998,13(1):69-81.
[18]救灾救济司.汶川地震抗震救灾生活类物资分配办法[EB/OL].http://www.mca.gov.cn/,2010-02-18.
[19]M.Sakawa,M.Inuiquchi,H.Sunada.Fuzzy multiobjective combinatorial optimization through revised genetic algorithm[J].Journal of Japan Society for Fuzzy Theory and Systems,1994,6(1):177-185.
[20]王秋萍,张道宏,李萍.主成分分析法与层次分析法排序公式的研究[J].西安理工大学学报,2005,21(4):437-440.
[21]聂高众,高建国,苏桂武,等.地震应急救助需求的模型化处理———来自地震震例的经验分析[J].资源科学,2001,23(1):69-76.
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