页岩气开采的环境影响分析
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摘要
页岩气开发热潮席卷全球,页岩气开采过程是否会导致严重环境污染引起众多政府部门、专家学者和环保人士的争议,尤其是水力压裂法在页岩气开采中的应用。本文针对页岩气开采工艺技术,结合美国页岩气开采现状分析页岩气开采可能造成的环境污染,主要有:(1)大量消耗水资源;(2)污染地下水层;(3)甲烷泄漏;(4)引发地震。此外,就我国而言,还面临因地理环境限制和环境立法不足更易造成环境污染的可能。在页岩气勘探开发进程中,我们应重视页岩气开采的环境污染评估,争取以技术进步和相关环境立法来克服环境隐患。
Shale gas development booms in the global.Many government departments,experts and environmentalists argue whether the shale gas exploitation results in serious environmental pollution or not,especially the application of hydraulic fracturing method.This paper mainly discusses the environment pollution which resulted by shale gas exploitation possibly,considering the shale gas exploitation technology and status of U.S shale gas exploitation.These pollutions are large water consumption,underground water pollution,methane leak,cause earthquake.Our country may be more likely to cause environmental pollution because of the geographic restrictions and environmental legislation shortage.In shale gas development process,we should pay more attention to the environment pollution assessment of shale gas exploitation,and strive for the technological progress and environmental legislation to overcome environmental harm.
Shale gas development booms in the global.Many government departments,experts and environmentalists argue whether the shale gas exploitation results in serious environmental pollution or not,especially the application of hydraulic fracturing method.This paper mainly discusses the environment pollution which resulted by shale gas exploitation possibly,considering the shale gas exploitation technology and status of U.S shale gas exploitation.These pollutions are large water consumption,underground water pollution,methane leak,cause earthquake.Our country may be more likely to cause environmental pollution because of the geographic restrictions and environmental legislation shortage.In shale gas development process,we should pay more attention to the environment pollution assessment of shale gas exploitation,and strive for the technological progress and environmental legislation to overcome environmental harm.
引文
[1]张鸿翔.页岩气:全球油气资源开发的新亮点—我国页岩气开发的现状与关键问题[J].战略与决策研究.2010,25(4):406–410.
[2]夏玉强.Marcellus页岩气开采的水资源挑战与环境影响[N].科技导报.010,28(18):103–108.
[3]张焕芝,何艳青.全球页岩气资源潜力及开发现状[J].石油科技论坛.2010,6:53–57.
[4]胡进科,李皋,陈文可等.国内外页岩气勘探开发综述[J].重庆科技学院学报(自然科学版).2011,13(2):72–75.
[5]江怀友,宋新民,安晓旋等.世界页岩气资源与勘探开发技术综述[J].天然气技术.2008,2(6):26–30.
[6]CharlesW.Schmidt.Blind Rush?Shale Gas Boom ProceedsAmid HumanHealth Questions[J].Environ Health Perspect.2011,119:a348–a353.
[2]夏玉强.Marcellus页岩气开采的水资源挑战与环境影响[N].科技导报.010,28(18):103–108.
[3]张焕芝,何艳青.全球页岩气资源潜力及开发现状[J].石油科技论坛.2010,6:53–57.
[4]胡进科,李皋,陈文可等.国内外页岩气勘探开发综述[J].重庆科技学院学报(自然科学版).2011,13(2):72–75.
[5]江怀友,宋新民,安晓旋等.世界页岩气资源与勘探开发技术综述[J].天然气技术.2008,2(6):26–30.
[6]CharlesW.Schmidt.Blind Rush?Shale Gas Boom ProceedsAmid HumanHealth Questions[J].Environ Health Perspect.2011,119:a348–a353.
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