国外页岩气勘探开发环境监管给我国的借鉴
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摘要
页岩气现在成为世界油气勘探领域的新热点,并随着美国页岩气开发的突破,引发了世界对页岩气勘探开发的广泛关注。但由页岩气的开发所伴随而来的环境问题也不容忽视,淡水资源的大量消耗、压裂液对环境的潜在危险以及频繁压裂可能引发邻近地区地震等。国外对页岩气的环境监管已较为完善,通过对比借鉴国外页岩气环境监管法规政策,提出完善我国页岩气环境监管建议:坚持开发与生态保护并重原则,推进页岩气环境影响评价制度体系建设,构建页岩气开采环境保证金制度,完善页岩气环境监管的法律法规。
Shale gas is becoming a new hot spot of the world's oil and gas exploration areas. As the U.S. shale gas development breakthrough, shale gas exploration and development has attracted extensive attention worldwide. However, with the development of shale gas, environmental problems are the issues that we cannot ignore. At the same time, too much consumption of water resources, potential dangers of fracturing fluid to the environment, and the frequent fracturing can lead to the earthquake of neighboring districts. This paper points out that more comprehensive environmental regulation of shale gas in foreign countries has been established. Therefore, we should draw lessons from environmental regulation laws and policies pertaining to shale gas of foreign countries by comparison. On this basis, we should improve our environmental regulation of shale gas in China. In maintaining a commitment to pay equal attention to development and ecological protection, we should promote the construction of environmental impact assessment system of shale gas, and build margin system on environmental management.
Shale gas is becoming a new hot spot of the world's oil and gas exploration areas. As the U.S. shale gas development breakthrough, shale gas exploration and development has attracted extensive attention worldwide. However, with the development of shale gas, environmental problems are the issues that we cannot ignore. At the same time, too much consumption of water resources, potential dangers of fracturing fluid to the environment, and the frequent fracturing can lead to the earthquake of neighboring districts. This paper points out that more comprehensive environmental regulation of shale gas in foreign countries has been established. Therefore, we should draw lessons from environmental regulation laws and policies pertaining to shale gas of foreign countries by comparison. On this basis, we should improve our environmental regulation of shale gas in China. In maintaining a commitment to pay equal attention to development and ecological protection, we should promote the construction of environmental impact assessment system of shale gas, and build margin system on environmental management.
引文
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[2]王海华.世界主要国家非常规油气资源政策研究[R].北京:中国地质图书馆,2013:16-23.
[3]黄振中,赵秋雁,谭柏平,等.国际能源法律制度研究[M].北京:法律出版社,2012:167-170.
[4]张致伟,程万正,梁明剑,等.四川自贡-隆昌地区注水诱发地震研究[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(5):1636-1645.
[5]徐梦龙,伍曌,郭本晓.页岩气行业发展的环境风险及对策[J].环境保护,2014(Z1):62-63.
[6]王楠.页岩气开发环境问题研究[J].当代经济,2013(1):62-65.
[7]张金川,汪宗余,聂海宽,等.页岩气及其勘探研究意义[J].现代地质,2008,22(4):640-644.
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