自然灾害灾后重建技术及实践的研究进展
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摘要
灾后重建是在灾害体发生之时及发生之后,采取应急救援、灾害管理,以及灾后评估、救助、规划等一系列过程,是一个典型的系统工程,可划分为前期应急重建、中期恢复重建及后期发展重建3部分。以自然灾害为主要研究对象,在分析中外关于灾后重建文献的基础之上,归纳了灾后重建的系统特征,介绍了灾后重建技术和实践的研究进展。灾后重建技术包括灾害分类分级、应急救援、灾后评估、灾害管理和重建规划5个方面,灾后重建实践研究分为地震、飓风、洪水和海啸4个方面,并对中外的灾后重建研究发展进行了展望。
Post-disaster reconstruction is a typical systems engineering which includes a series of actions,such as emergency rescue,disaster management,post-disaster assessment,relief and planning during and after the disaster event.It can be divided into emergency reconstruction in the early stage,recovery reconstruction in the intermediate stage and development reconstruction in the later stage.Based on the analysis of domestic and foreign literatures on post-disaster reconstruction,taking natural disaster as a study object,the systematic characteristics of post-disaster reconstruction are summarized and the development of research on technology and practice of post-disaster reconstruction is described.Technology of post-disaster reconstruction includes five aspects as disaster classification and grading,emergency rescue,post-disaster assessment,disaster management and reconstruction planning.Research on post-disaster reconstruction practice includes four aspects as that on earthquakes,hurricanes,floods and tsunamis.Finally a prospect of development of the research on post-disaster reconstruction at home and abroad is presented.
Post-disaster reconstruction is a typical systems engineering which includes a series of actions,such as emergency rescue,disaster management,post-disaster assessment,relief and planning during and after the disaster event.It can be divided into emergency reconstruction in the early stage,recovery reconstruction in the intermediate stage and development reconstruction in the later stage.Based on the analysis of domestic and foreign literatures on post-disaster reconstruction,taking natural disaster as a study object,the systematic characteristics of post-disaster reconstruction are summarized and the development of research on technology and practice of post-disaster reconstruction is described.Technology of post-disaster reconstruction includes five aspects as disaster classification and grading,emergency rescue,post-disaster assessment,disaster management and reconstruction planning.Research on post-disaster reconstruction practice includes four aspects as that on earthquakes,hurricanes,floods and tsunamis.Finally a prospect of development of the research on post-disaster reconstruction at home and abroad is presented.
引文
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