由大震现场救援分析制定标准工作程序的必要性
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摘要
一个高效、实用和可操作的地震应急救援管理体系,需要在灾害预防、应急准备、应急处置及灾后恢复四个阶段有足够的建设指导和标准规范,而我国地震应急预案在这方面存在明显的不足。通过分析大震现场救援暴露的问题,借鉴国外先进经验,讨论了制定地震紧急救援标准工作程序的必要性,并提出9条标准工作程序的制定建议。
A highly efficient,practical and operable earthquake emergency rescue management system must contain enough instructions and standards to deal with disasters during the preventing stage,the preparing stage,the searching and rescuing stage and the recovering stage.However,these are exactly what our national earthquake emergency plan lacks of.By analyzing the problems exposed in huge earthquake rescue and learning from developed country,we discussed the necessity of standard operation procedure of earthquake rescue and gave advices to propose nine standard operation procedures.
A highly efficient,practical and operable earthquake emergency rescue management system must contain enough instructions and standards to deal with disasters during the preventing stage,the preparing stage,the searching and rescuing stage and the recovering stage.However,these are exactly what our national earthquake emergency plan lacks of.By analyzing the problems exposed in huge earthquake rescue and learning from developed country,we discussed the necessity of standard operation procedure of earthquake rescue and gave advices to propose nine standard operation procedures.
引文
[1]高莹莹,张开宁.汶川地震救援工作中的若干问题及其思考[J].预防医学论坛,2009,15(1):15-16.
[2]张红.我国突发事件应急预案的缺陷及其完善[EB/OL].
[3]胡作英,陈绍良,程浩,等.青海玉树4.14地震紧急救援中的问题及思考[J].中国急救医学,2010,30(7):665-667.
[4]国家地震应急预案[S/OL],2006.
[5]莫善军,冯启民,贾靖.地震现场灾情信息反馈途径和集成软件[J].世界地震工程,2005,21(4):126-132.
[6]宋建奇,樊毫军,侯世科,等.地震现场急救能力探讨:汶川大地震有关文献分析总结[J].中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志,2010,5(4):312-315.
[7]王东明,闻明,步兵,等.地震灾害现场救援行动中的安全评估策略及步骤[J].国际地震动态,2010(7):23-31.
[8]张盼娟,陈晋,刘吉夫.我国自然灾害类应急预案评价方法研究(Ⅲ):可操作性评价[J].中国安全科学学报,2008,18(10):16-25.
[9]U.S.Department of Homeland Security.National incident management system[Z].2003.
[10]ASTM F1633-2008,Standard guide for techniques in land search[Z].2008.
[11]ASTM F1993-2005,Standard classification of human search and rescue resources[Z].2005.
[12]ASTM F1584-2003,Standard practice for marking buildings during disaster search operations[Z].2003.
[13]BBS 25999-2006,Business continuity management[Z].2006.
[14]BIP 2034-2008,Disaster and emergency management systems[Z].2008.
[15]徐德诗.中国国际救援队参加伊朗地震紧急救援工作[J].国际地震动态,2004(2):24-27.
[16]彭晋川,陈维锋,郭红梅,等.地震灾害现场救援行动标识系统设计[J].灾害学,2010,25(1):18-22.
[17]康德英,洪旗,李幼平,等.地震后遇难者的尸体处置与传染病预防的系统评价[J].中国循证医学杂志,2008,8(8):575-580.
[18]PAHO/WHO/ICRC.Management of dead bodies after disasters:a field manual for first responders.[S].Washington D.C.,2006.
[19]PAHO/WHO.Management of dead bodies in disaster situations[S].Washington,D.C.,2004.
[20]WHO.Environmental health in emergencies and disasters:mortuary service and handling of the dead[S],2002:198-201.
[2]张红.我国突发事件应急预案的缺陷及其完善[EB/OL].
[3]胡作英,陈绍良,程浩,等.青海玉树4.14地震紧急救援中的问题及思考[J].中国急救医学,2010,30(7):665-667.
[4]国家地震应急预案[S/OL],2006.
[5]莫善军,冯启民,贾靖.地震现场灾情信息反馈途径和集成软件[J].世界地震工程,2005,21(4):126-132.
[6]宋建奇,樊毫军,侯世科,等.地震现场急救能力探讨:汶川大地震有关文献分析总结[J].中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志,2010,5(4):312-315.
[7]王东明,闻明,步兵,等.地震灾害现场救援行动中的安全评估策略及步骤[J].国际地震动态,2010(7):23-31.
[8]张盼娟,陈晋,刘吉夫.我国自然灾害类应急预案评价方法研究(Ⅲ):可操作性评价[J].中国安全科学学报,2008,18(10):16-25.
[9]U.S.Department of Homeland Security.National incident management system[Z].2003.
[10]ASTM F1633-2008,Standard guide for techniques in land search[Z].2008.
[11]ASTM F1993-2005,Standard classification of human search and rescue resources[Z].2005.
[12]ASTM F1584-2003,Standard practice for marking buildings during disaster search operations[Z].2003.
[13]BBS 25999-2006,Business continuity management[Z].2006.
[14]BIP 2034-2008,Disaster and emergency management systems[Z].2008.
[15]徐德诗.中国国际救援队参加伊朗地震紧急救援工作[J].国际地震动态,2004(2):24-27.
[16]彭晋川,陈维锋,郭红梅,等.地震灾害现场救援行动标识系统设计[J].灾害学,2010,25(1):18-22.
[17]康德英,洪旗,李幼平,等.地震后遇难者的尸体处置与传染病预防的系统评价[J].中国循证医学杂志,2008,8(8):575-580.
[18]PAHO/WHO/ICRC.Management of dead bodies after disasters:a field manual for first responders.[S].Washington D.C.,2006.
[19]PAHO/WHO.Management of dead bodies in disaster situations[S].Washington,D.C.,2004.
[20]WHO.Environmental health in emergencies and disasters:mortuary service and handling of the dead[S],2002:198-201.
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