基于GIS的地震次生火灾蔓延范围模拟
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摘要
地震次生火灾对人类的危害极大。笔者首先在对阻止火蔓延的因素进行分析以及对以往调查资料分析的基础上,确定了阻止火蔓延的距离与建筑物结构及防火类型的关系。然后,在阻止火蔓延距离的基础上,确定了地震次生火灾蔓延范围模拟的方法以及流程。最后,以汕头市为例,对地震次生火灾蔓延范围进行了模拟。通过对地震次生火灾蔓延范围的研究,为地震应急救灾提供了决策的科学依据。
Post-earthquake fire causes significant harm to mankind. Referring to the analysis of factors hindering the fire from spreading and previous data investigated the relation between fire hindrance distance and building structure and its fireproof category is determined. Then, the method and flowchart of post-earthquake fire spreading area is made based on the fire hindrance distance. Lastly, the method was exemplified in Shantou city. The study of post-earthquake fire spreading area could provide criteria for decision making in emergency rescue.
Post-earthquake fire causes significant harm to mankind. Referring to the analysis of factors hindering the fire from spreading and previous data investigated the relation between fire hindrance distance and building structure and its fireproof category is determined. Then, the method and flowchart of post-earthquake fire spreading area is made based on the fire hindrance distance. Lastly, the method was exemplified in Shantou city. The study of post-earthquake fire spreading area could provide criteria for decision making in emergency rescue.
引文
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9 谢旭阳,任爱珠.城市地震次生火灾蔓延模拟系统[A].2003火灾科学与消防工程国际会议[C],2003.10:592～596
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13 CharlesScawthorn,FiresFollowingtheNorthridgeandKobeEarthquake[A].ThirteenthMeetingoftheUJNRPanelonFireResearchandSafety[C],1996.3:325～335
2 Y .Nakamori,H .TanakamJ.Oda,Y .Kuwagata,T .MatsuokaandY .Yoshioka.Burninjuriesinthe1995Hanshin ewajiEarth quake[J],1997,23(4):319～322
3 许建东,王新茹,林建德等.基于GIS的城市地震次生火灾蔓延初步研究[J].地震地质,2002.9,24(3):445～452
4 FederalEmergencyManagementAgency.HAZUS99User’sandTechnicalManuals[R],1999
5 范维澄,王清安,姜冯辉等.火灾学简明教程[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,1995.10
6 MarkA .Finney,FARSITE :FireAreaSimulator modelDevelopmentandEvaluation.UnitedStatesDepartmentofAgricultureForestService[R],1998.3
7 MarkA .FinneyandPatriciaL .Andrews,theFARSITE1FireAreaSimulator:FireManagementApplicationsandLessonsofSummer1994[R].UnitedStatesDepartmentofAgricultureForestService,1994
8 谢旭阳,刘铁民,张兴凯等基于GIS的建筑物地震次生火灾危险性模拟[J]中国安全科学学报,2004,14(12):14～17
9 谢旭阳,任爱珠.城市地震次生火灾蔓延模拟系统[A].2003火灾科学与消防工程国际会议[C],2003.10:592～596
10 A .Z .Ren,X .Y .Xie.TheSimulationofFireSpreadingRegionInducedbyEarthquakeBasedonGIS[J].FireScience,2004,22(5):421～439
11 谢旭阳.地震火灾发生危险性概率模型和蔓延模型研究[D].北京:清华大学[博士后出站报告],2004.6
12 中国消防协会队伍建设和灭火战术专业委员会.灭火手册[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1989.9
13 CharlesScawthorn,FiresFollowingtheNorthridgeandKobeEarthquake[A].ThirteenthMeetingoftheUJNRPanelonFireResearchandSafety[C],1996.3:325～335
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