新建海堤下盾构隧道施工技术措施及监控
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摘要
网格式盾构法施工隧道工程由于其快速、经济常用于电厂建设中的进排水隧道工程中。但网格式盾构施工对土体扰动较大,对海堤的变形和稳定均造成较大的影响;同时软土地区的海堤在自身荷载作用下沉降尚未完成,尤其是下卧层沉降未稳定,导致盾构隧道产生一定的纵向不均匀变形;盾构隧道施工和海堤相互影响成为亟待解决的关键问题。以大唐宁德电厂穿越新建海堤的进排水盾构隧道工程为例,在有限元数值计算分析基础上,提出了切实可行的加固措施,指导设计和施工;同时,对隧道施工过程中原位测试数据作了详细的分析;最后,给出了盾构在穿越海堤阶段的推荐施工速度、施工中建议采用的注浆和预起拱等加固措施以及隧道的变形、孔压等方面的一些规律性结论,为实际工程中类似的穿堤盾构隧道设计与施工控制提供依据。
The shield method is often used for the inflowing and draining shield tunnels in the construction of power plants.However,the soil will be considerably disturbed due to this method,and it will affect the deformation and stability of sea embankments.Meanwhile the post-construction settlements of thick soft sublayer will result in the longitudinal differential deformation.Then the interaction between the tunnels and embankments is the key problem to be solved.The inflowing and draining shield tunnel in the Datang Nengde Power Plant was taken as an example,and practical and effective measures were suggested based on the numerical analysis of the settlement of embankments and the differential deformation of the shield tunnel.Based on the analysis of monitoring data,the conclusions about the behavior of the tunnel and the recommended construction rate were proposed.These results would provid a scientific reference for the design and construction control of similar shield tunnels in practice.
The shield method is often used for the inflowing and draining shield tunnels in the construction of power plants.However,the soil will be considerably disturbed due to this method,and it will affect the deformation and stability of sea embankments.Meanwhile the post-construction settlements of thick soft sublayer will result in the longitudinal differential deformation.Then the interaction between the tunnels and embankments is the key problem to be solved.The inflowing and draining shield tunnel in the Datang Nengde Power Plant was taken as an example,and practical and effective measures were suggested based on the numerical analysis of the settlement of embankments and the differential deformation of the shield tunnel.Based on the analysis of monitoring data,the conclusions about the behavior of the tunnel and the recommended construction rate were proposed.These results would provid a scientific reference for the design and construction control of similar shield tunnels in practice.
引文
[1]刘建航,候学渊.盾构法隧道[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1991.(LIU Jian-hang,HOU Xue-yuan.Shield-driven tunnel[M].Beijing:China Railway Publishing House,1991.(in Chinese))
[2]上海隧道股份有限公司.软土地下工程施工技术[M].上海:华东理工大学出版社,2001.(Shanghai Tunnel Engineering Co.,Ltd.Construction technology of soft clay underground engineering[M].Shanghai:East China University of Science and Technology Press,2001.(in Chinese))
[3]袁先机.盾构隧道穿越土坝的地层沉降控制[J].合肥工业大学学报,2003,26(5):1105–1109.(YUAN Xian-ji.Measures for the control of ground settlement of the earth dam in shield tunneling[J].Journal of Hefei University of Technology,2003,26(5):1105–1109.(in Chinese))
[4]徐占奎,黄宏伟,徐凌,等.软土盾构隧道纵向设计综述[J].地下空间与工程学报,2005,1(2):315–318.(XU Zhan-kui,HUANG Hong-wei,XU Ling,et al.A survey of the desining method for shield tunnel in soft soil[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2005,1(2):315–318.(in Chinese))
[5]李玲玲.砂井地基平面问题的变形计算和有限元分析[D].浙江:浙江大学,2002.(LI Ling-ling.Deformation of soil foundation improved by vertical drains and FEM analysis[D].Zhejiang:Zhejiang University,2002.(in Chinese))
[6]Working Group No.2,ITA.Guidelines for the design of shield tunnel lining[R].2005,15(3):303–331.
[7]志波由紀夫,川島一彦,大日方尚巳,加納尚史.応答変位法によるシールドトンネルの地震時断面力の算定法[J].土木学会論文集,1989,404/I-11:385–394.(YUKIS Shiba,KAZUHIKO Kawashima,NAOMI Obinata,et al.Evaluation procedure for seismic stress developed in shield tunnels based on seismic deformation method[J].JSCE,1989,404//I-11:385–394.(in Japanese))
[8]浙江大学岩土工程研究所.福建大唐宁德电厂海堤下盾构隧道内力分析及纵向变形研究报告[R].杭州:浙江大学,2005.(Institute of Geotechnical Engineering,Zhejiang Univerisy.Research report on stress analysis and longitudinal deformation of the shield tunnel under the sea embankment in Fujian Datang Ningde Power Plant[R].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2005.(in Chinese))
[9]徐永福,孙钧.隧道盾构掘进施工对周围土体的影响[J].地下工程与隧道,1999(2):9–14.(XU Yong-fu,SUN Jun.Disturbance analysis of shield tunnel construction in Shanghai Huangpu River[J].Underground Engineering and Tunnels,1999(2):9–14.(in Chinese))
[10]徐永福,孙钧,傅德明,等.外滩观光隧道盾构施工的扰动分析[J].土木工程学报,2002,35(2):70–73,85.(XU Yong-fu,SUN Jun,FU De-ming,et al.Disturbance analysis of shield tunnel construction in Shanghai Huangpu River[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2002,35(2):70–73,85.(in Chinese))
[2]上海隧道股份有限公司.软土地下工程施工技术[M].上海:华东理工大学出版社,2001.(Shanghai Tunnel Engineering Co.,Ltd.Construction technology of soft clay underground engineering[M].Shanghai:East China University of Science and Technology Press,2001.(in Chinese))
[3]袁先机.盾构隧道穿越土坝的地层沉降控制[J].合肥工业大学学报,2003,26(5):1105–1109.(YUAN Xian-ji.Measures for the control of ground settlement of the earth dam in shield tunneling[J].Journal of Hefei University of Technology,2003,26(5):1105–1109.(in Chinese))
[4]徐占奎,黄宏伟,徐凌,等.软土盾构隧道纵向设计综述[J].地下空间与工程学报,2005,1(2):315–318.(XU Zhan-kui,HUANG Hong-wei,XU Ling,et al.A survey of the desining method for shield tunnel in soft soil[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2005,1(2):315–318.(in Chinese))
[5]李玲玲.砂井地基平面问题的变形计算和有限元分析[D].浙江:浙江大学,2002.(LI Ling-ling.Deformation of soil foundation improved by vertical drains and FEM analysis[D].Zhejiang:Zhejiang University,2002.(in Chinese))
[6]Working Group No.2,ITA.Guidelines for the design of shield tunnel lining[R].2005,15(3):303–331.
[7]志波由紀夫,川島一彦,大日方尚巳,加納尚史.応答変位法によるシールドトンネルの地震時断面力の算定法[J].土木学会論文集,1989,404/I-11:385–394.(YUKIS Shiba,KAZUHIKO Kawashima,NAOMI Obinata,et al.Evaluation procedure for seismic stress developed in shield tunnels based on seismic deformation method[J].JSCE,1989,404//I-11:385–394.(in Japanese))
[8]浙江大学岩土工程研究所.福建大唐宁德电厂海堤下盾构隧道内力分析及纵向变形研究报告[R].杭州:浙江大学,2005.(Institute of Geotechnical Engineering,Zhejiang Univerisy.Research report on stress analysis and longitudinal deformation of the shield tunnel under the sea embankment in Fujian Datang Ningde Power Plant[R].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2005.(in Chinese))
[9]徐永福,孙钧.隧道盾构掘进施工对周围土体的影响[J].地下工程与隧道,1999(2):9–14.(XU Yong-fu,SUN Jun.Disturbance analysis of shield tunnel construction in Shanghai Huangpu River[J].Underground Engineering and Tunnels,1999(2):9–14.(in Chinese))
[10]徐永福,孙钧,傅德明,等.外滩观光隧道盾构施工的扰动分析[J].土木工程学报,2002,35(2):70–73,85.(XU Yong-fu,SUN Jun,FU De-ming,et al.Disturbance analysis of shield tunnel construction in Shanghai Huangpu River[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2002,35(2):70–73,85.(in Chinese))
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