隧道开挖施工的爆破振动监测与控制技术
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摘要
以万松岭隧道工程开挖为研究对象,对隧道工程开挖施工爆破地震波的振动监测方法及控制技术进行了研究。通过对爆破振动监测结果的回归分析,建立了隧道工程开挖爆破振动传播的数学模型;确立了其传播衰减规律。结合工程实际,提出了修正后的爆破地震波衰减经验数学公式;经对比分析,所得爆破地震波衰减规律公式预测的质点振动速度具有较高的精度。同时,结合该隧道工程开挖爆破施工,从选择合理爆破时差、最大装药量、微差起爆、掘进进尺、预裂爆破等5个方面提出了爆破振动控制技术措施使该隧道开挖施工爆破中的地面振动速度值控制在了安全范围以内,从而确保了施工段地面建筑群的安全和该隧道工程开挖爆破作业的安全。其研究对指导隧道工程开挖爆破施工和保证地面建筑物安全起到了重要作用。
In this paper, based on project excavation of the Wansongling tunnel, the monitoring way and controlling technology of vibration of blasting earthquake wave induced by tunnel excavation were studied. Via regression analysis for the results of monitoring on blasting vibration, the mathematical model of spread of blasting vibration induced by tunnel excavation was established; the orderliness of spread of blasting vibration was drawn. Combined the project, the empirical formula after revised of attenuation of blasting earthquake wave was put forward; Through contrasting and analyzing, the particle vibration velocity were forecasted by the orderliness formula of attenuation of blasting earthquake wave is precise relatively. At the same time, combined the excavation blasting construction of this tunnel project, the controlling technology measures of blasting vibration were put forward from the choice of the reasonable blasting time difference, the maximum charge quantity, the millisecond blasting, the excavation plan, springing blasting, so as to control the vibration velocity of ground within safety range in the process of this tunnel excavation construction, consequently the safety of ground buildings of construction segment and blasting work of this tunnel project was insured. This study will play an important role in guiding the excavation blasting construction of the tunnel project and assuring the safety of ground buildings.
In this paper, based on project excavation of the Wansongling tunnel, the monitoring way and controlling technology of vibration of blasting earthquake wave induced by tunnel excavation were studied. Via regression analysis for the results of monitoring on blasting vibration, the mathematical model of spread of blasting vibration induced by tunnel excavation was established; the orderliness of spread of blasting vibration was drawn. Combined the project, the empirical formula after revised of attenuation of blasting earthquake wave was put forward; Through contrasting and analyzing, the particle vibration velocity were forecasted by the orderliness formula of attenuation of blasting earthquake wave is precise relatively. At the same time, combined the excavation blasting construction of this tunnel project, the controlling technology measures of blasting vibration were put forward from the choice of the reasonable blasting time difference, the maximum charge quantity, the millisecond blasting, the excavation plan, springing blasting, so as to control the vibration velocity of ground within safety range in the process of this tunnel excavation construction, consequently the safety of ground buildings of construction segment and blasting work of this tunnel project was insured. This study will play an important role in guiding the excavation blasting construction of the tunnel project and assuring the safety of ground buildings.
引文
[1]GB6722-86,爆破安全规程[S].
[2]大爆破安全规程(GB13349-92)[S].
[3]中华人民共和国水利部.水工建筑物岩石基础开挖工程施工技术规范(SL-94)[S].北京:水利电力出版社,1994.
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[7]谢全敏,夏元友,李新平.龙滩水电站蠕变体边坡的爆破振动控制研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(11):1929-1930.XIE Jin-min,XIA Yuan-you,LI Xin-ping.Study on blasting vibration control of creep mass slope of Longtan hydropower station[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(11):1929-1930.
[8]孟吉复,惠鸿斌.爆破测试技术[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1992.MENG Ji-fu,HUI Hong-bin.Blasting Testing Techno-logy[M].Beijing:Metallurgy Industry Press,1992.
[9]杨大地.实用数值分析[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,2004.YANG Da-di.Practical Numerical Analysis[M].Chongqing:Chongqing University Press,2004.
[10]郑大榕.南京地铁隧道爆破开挖与振动控制[J].铁道工程学报,2004,(3):74-75.ZENG Da-rong.Excavation by blasting and vibration control of tunnel in Nanjing subway[J].Journal of Rail Way Engineering Society,2004,(3):74-75.
[2]大爆破安全规程(GB13349-92)[S].
[3]中华人民共和国水利部.水工建筑物岩石基础开挖工程施工技术规范(SL-94)[S].北京:水利电力出版社,1994.
[4]胡刚,吴云龙.爆破地震振动控制的一种方法[J].煤炭技术,2004,23(4):104-105.HU Gang,WU Yun-long.A new method of the control of the earthquake vibration caused by explosive[J].Coal Technology,2004,23(4):104-105.
[5]李保珍,王迪安.高程差与爆破振动强度及衰减规律之间关系的探讨[A].第六届全国工程爆破学术会议论文集[C],[s.l.]:[s.n.],1997.778-783.LI Bao-zhen,WANG Dian.Discussion on the relationship between highness difference and blasting vibration and attenuation orderliness[A].The Paper Volume of6th National Engineering Blasting Academic Conference[C],1997.778-783.
[6]陈寿如.两种质点振速预测公式的比选择[A].第七届全国工程爆破学术会议论文集[C],2001.702-706.CHEN Shou-ru,The Compare and Choice of two formula of particle vibration forecasting[A].7th National Engineering Blasting Academic Conference[C],2001.702-706.
[7]谢全敏,夏元友,李新平.龙滩水电站蠕变体边坡的爆破振动控制研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(11):1929-1930.XIE Jin-min,XIA Yuan-you,LI Xin-ping.Study on blasting vibration control of creep mass slope of Longtan hydropower station[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(11):1929-1930.
[8]孟吉复,惠鸿斌.爆破测试技术[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1992.MENG Ji-fu,HUI Hong-bin.Blasting Testing Techno-logy[M].Beijing:Metallurgy Industry Press,1992.
[9]杨大地.实用数值分析[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,2004.YANG Da-di.Practical Numerical Analysis[M].Chongqing:Chongqing University Press,2004.
[10]郑大榕.南京地铁隧道爆破开挖与振动控制[J].铁道工程学报,2004,(3):74-75.ZENG Da-rong.Excavation by blasting and vibration control of tunnel in Nanjing subway[J].Journal of Rail Way Engineering Society,2004,(3):74-75.
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