中外地震考古学的比较研究
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摘要
由于考古学能在历史地震的研究中做出独到贡献,地震考古学得以应运而生。中国的地震考古工作发轫于上世纪50年代,而作为一门学科,则在上世纪70年代才真正出现。国外地震考古学的实践可追溯到十九世纪,20世纪50年代,地震考古学成为一门独立的学科。国外地震考古的野外调查、发掘程序较规范,理论研究亦较深入。对国内外地震考古学进行初步比较研究看出,国内地震考古学比国外起步晚,但发展较迅速。国内地震考古学在跨学科合作上不够充分,理论方法的研究不够深入。但国内的历史文献丰富,文物古迹数量庞大,因此我国的地震考古学前景是光明的。我们应当在人才培养、国际合作、多学科合作以及重视现代地震遗存方面做出努力。
The result of historical earthquake research in archaeology can make unique contributions to seismic archaeology. China earthquake archaeological work, as a discipline, began in the 20 century 50's. Overseas earthquake archaeological practice can be traced back to 1950. Seismic archaeology has become an independent discipline. Foreign archaeological field survey, earthquake explore program are more normative and the theory research work is done deeply. At home and abroad the seismic archaeology conducted preliminary comparative study. The domestic seismic archaeology starts later than abroad. But the domestic development of seismic archaeological research is rapid. The cooperation of the domestic seismic archaeology in interdisciplinary is not full. The theories and methods of the research are not very thorough. But with the domestic rich historical literature and a large number of cultural relics, the seismic archaeology prospects in China are bright. We should pay attention to the following works such as personnel training, international cooperation, and multiple disciplinary operations. We should recognize the importance of the modern earthquake relic researches.
The result of historical earthquake research in archaeology can make unique contributions to seismic archaeology. China earthquake archaeological work, as a discipline, began in the 20 century 50's. Overseas earthquake archaeological practice can be traced back to 1950. Seismic archaeology has become an independent discipline. Foreign archaeological field survey, earthquake explore program are more normative and the theory research work is done deeply. At home and abroad the seismic archaeology conducted preliminary comparative study. The domestic seismic archaeology starts later than abroad. But the domestic development of seismic archaeological research is rapid. The cooperation of the domestic seismic archaeology in interdisciplinary is not full. The theories and methods of the research are not very thorough. But with the domestic rich historical literature and a large number of cultural relics, the seismic archaeology prospects in China are bright. We should pay attention to the following works such as personnel training, international cooperation, and multiple disciplinary operations. We should recognize the importance of the modern earthquake relic researches.
引文
[1]姚彦之.“全国历史地震科研工作会议”在杭州举行[J].地震地质,1986,8(1):5-6.
[2]孟繁兴,等.地震与地震考古[M].北京:文物出版社,1977.
[3]陈定国.地震考古研究[J].华南地震,1989,9(3):31-35.
[4]叶茂林.地震考古—用考古学方法介入地震科学研究[J].成都文物,2006,(4):41-42.
[5]林向.四川凉山地区的地震考古研究[J].四川文物,1986,(1):35-41.
[6]刘正荣,盂繁兴,等.以临汾盆地为例论用考古学方法研究现代构造运动与地震的关系[J].地球物理学报,1975,18(2):127-135.
[7]村夫译.高技术考古学[J].国外科技动态,1996,(10):22.
[8]北京市文物工作队.地震考古[M].北京:文物出版社,1984.
[9]林向.成都地区历史地震考古调查报告[J].成都文物,2008,(3):1-3.
[10]中国地震学会地震地质专业委员会.中国活动断裂[M].北京:地震出版社,1982.
[11]陕西地震局.史前地震与第四纪地质文集[M].西安:陕西科学技术出版社,1982.
[12]姚彦之.“全国历史地震科研工作会议”在杭州举行[J].地震地质,1986,8(1):5-6.
[13]沈小七,姚大全,等.浅谈新时期下的地震考古及在江淮地区的应用.国际地震动态,2008,(10):39-46.
[14]姚大全,朔知.安徽考古现场自然变形遗迹的发现及其意义[J].地震学报,2009,31(4):471-474.
[15]齐书勤.历史地震研究的几点展望[J].东北地震研究,1991,7(1):1-2.
[16]易学发,师亚芹.用考古数据研究渭河断陷现代地壳运动与地震活动的关系[J].地震地质,1994,16(2):137-145.
[17]中国社科院考古研究所、青海省文物考古研究所、青海省民和县博物馆.青海民和喇家遗址磁法探测的新成果[J].四川文物,2007,(1):87-90.
[18]欧阳杰,朱诚,叶茂林等.青海喇家遗址古地震喷砂磁化率异常现象与机制的初步研究[J].国际地震动态,2008,(11):128.
[19]夏正楷,杨晓燕,叶茂林.青海喇家遗址史前灾难事件[J].科学通报,2003,48(11):1200-1204.
[20]叶茂林.地震考古——用考古学方法介入地震科学研究[J].成都文物,2006,(4):41-42.
[21]重庆市博物馆.略谈重庆文物考古的新收获[J].四川文物,1984,(4):14-18.
[22]陈定国.长沙、广州两地大型汉墓出土的地震意义[J].华南地震,1987,7(1):35-38.
[23]林奇.巴东纪年墓与三峡地震[J].江汉考古,1983,(4):69-71.
[24]周魁一,郭涛.长江三峡山崩史实初探[J].农业考古,1983,(2):48-52.
[25]De Rossi MS.La basilica di Santa Petronilla presso Roma,testé discoperta,caduta per terremoto Bull.Vulc Ital,1874,1:62-65.
[26]Cesano L.Della moneta Enea corrente in Italia nell'ultima età imperiale romana e sotto i re ostrogoti.Riv Ital Numis,1913,26:511-551.
[27]Evans A.The Palace of Minos,part II.London,1928,844.
[28]Agamennone G.Come e quando rovino il tempio di Venere Genitrice.Boll Soc Sism Ital,1935,(33):89-91.
[29]Roland PaePe著韩家楙译.地质考古学[J].第四纪研究,1992,(2):190-191.
[30]Fabrizio Galadini,Paolo Galli.Archaeoseismology in Italy case studies and implications on long-term seismicity.Journal of Earth-quake Engineering,2001,(5):35-68.
[31]Sintubin,M;Stewart,IS.A logical methodology for archaeoseismology:A proof of concept at the archaeological site of Sagalas-sos,Southwest Turkey.Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2008,98(5):2209-2230.
[32]李念华译.佩特拉古城[J].大自然探索,2000,(3):8-9.
[33]王志成.最惨烈的海葬[J].航海,2005.(03):38-39.
[34]刘树臣译.考古学可作为研究活动构造的一种手段[J].地质科技动态,1989,(18):13-14.
[35]村夫译.高技术考古学[J].国外科技动态,1996,(10):22.
[36]李红译.确定古地震时期的考古学方法[J].国际地震动态,1998,(1):31-33.
[37]Guidoboni E.I terremoti prima del Mille in Italia enell'area mediterranea.Storia,Archeologia,Sismologia.ING-SGA,Bolo-gna,Italy,1989a,765.Guidoboni E.Archeologia e sismicitàstorica:I luoghidel terremoto e le domande evitate.In:Guidoboni E(ed.)Iterremoti pri-ma del Mille in Italiaenell'areamediterranea.Storia,Archeologia,Sismologia.ING-SGA,Bologna,Italy,1989b,413-416.
[38]Stiros SC.Identification of earthquakes from archaeological data:methodology,criteria and limitations.In:Stiros S,Jones RE(eds.)Archaeoseismology.BritishSchool at Athens,Fitch Laboratory Occasional Paper7,1996:129-152.
[39]McGuire WJ,Griffith DR,Hancock PL,Stewart IS(eds.).The Archaeology.of Geological Catastrophes.London:Geological So-ciety Spec:2000,417.
[41]IGCP567.2009.Earthquake Archaeology,http://ees.kuleuven.be/igcp567/40N.N.Ambraseys.Earthquakes and archaeolo-gy.Journal of Archaeological Science.2006,33(7):1008-1016.
[42]Stewart IS,Buck VA.Earthquake Archaeology:a logical approach,American Geophysical Union,Fall Meeting,2001.
[43]Galadini F,Hinzen KG,Stiros S.Archaeoseismology:methodological issues and procedure.Journal of Seismology,2006,10(4).
[2]孟繁兴,等.地震与地震考古[M].北京:文物出版社,1977.
[3]陈定国.地震考古研究[J].华南地震,1989,9(3):31-35.
[4]叶茂林.地震考古—用考古学方法介入地震科学研究[J].成都文物,2006,(4):41-42.
[5]林向.四川凉山地区的地震考古研究[J].四川文物,1986,(1):35-41.
[6]刘正荣,盂繁兴,等.以临汾盆地为例论用考古学方法研究现代构造运动与地震的关系[J].地球物理学报,1975,18(2):127-135.
[7]村夫译.高技术考古学[J].国外科技动态,1996,(10):22.
[8]北京市文物工作队.地震考古[M].北京:文物出版社,1984.
[9]林向.成都地区历史地震考古调查报告[J].成都文物,2008,(3):1-3.
[10]中国地震学会地震地质专业委员会.中国活动断裂[M].北京:地震出版社,1982.
[11]陕西地震局.史前地震与第四纪地质文集[M].西安:陕西科学技术出版社,1982.
[12]姚彦之.“全国历史地震科研工作会议”在杭州举行[J].地震地质,1986,8(1):5-6.
[13]沈小七,姚大全,等.浅谈新时期下的地震考古及在江淮地区的应用.国际地震动态,2008,(10):39-46.
[14]姚大全,朔知.安徽考古现场自然变形遗迹的发现及其意义[J].地震学报,2009,31(4):471-474.
[15]齐书勤.历史地震研究的几点展望[J].东北地震研究,1991,7(1):1-2.
[16]易学发,师亚芹.用考古数据研究渭河断陷现代地壳运动与地震活动的关系[J].地震地质,1994,16(2):137-145.
[17]中国社科院考古研究所、青海省文物考古研究所、青海省民和县博物馆.青海民和喇家遗址磁法探测的新成果[J].四川文物,2007,(1):87-90.
[18]欧阳杰,朱诚,叶茂林等.青海喇家遗址古地震喷砂磁化率异常现象与机制的初步研究[J].国际地震动态,2008,(11):128.
[19]夏正楷,杨晓燕,叶茂林.青海喇家遗址史前灾难事件[J].科学通报,2003,48(11):1200-1204.
[20]叶茂林.地震考古——用考古学方法介入地震科学研究[J].成都文物,2006,(4):41-42.
[21]重庆市博物馆.略谈重庆文物考古的新收获[J].四川文物,1984,(4):14-18.
[22]陈定国.长沙、广州两地大型汉墓出土的地震意义[J].华南地震,1987,7(1):35-38.
[23]林奇.巴东纪年墓与三峡地震[J].江汉考古,1983,(4):69-71.
[24]周魁一,郭涛.长江三峡山崩史实初探[J].农业考古,1983,(2):48-52.
[25]De Rossi MS.La basilica di Santa Petronilla presso Roma,testé discoperta,caduta per terremoto Bull.Vulc Ital,1874,1:62-65.
[26]Cesano L.Della moneta Enea corrente in Italia nell'ultima età imperiale romana e sotto i re ostrogoti.Riv Ital Numis,1913,26:511-551.
[27]Evans A.The Palace of Minos,part II.London,1928,844.
[28]Agamennone G.Come e quando rovino il tempio di Venere Genitrice.Boll Soc Sism Ital,1935,(33):89-91.
[29]Roland PaePe著韩家楙译.地质考古学[J].第四纪研究,1992,(2):190-191.
[30]Fabrizio Galadini,Paolo Galli.Archaeoseismology in Italy case studies and implications on long-term seismicity.Journal of Earth-quake Engineering,2001,(5):35-68.
[31]Sintubin,M;Stewart,IS.A logical methodology for archaeoseismology:A proof of concept at the archaeological site of Sagalas-sos,Southwest Turkey.Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2008,98(5):2209-2230.
[32]李念华译.佩特拉古城[J].大自然探索,2000,(3):8-9.
[33]王志成.最惨烈的海葬[J].航海,2005.(03):38-39.
[34]刘树臣译.考古学可作为研究活动构造的一种手段[J].地质科技动态,1989,(18):13-14.
[35]村夫译.高技术考古学[J].国外科技动态,1996,(10):22.
[36]李红译.确定古地震时期的考古学方法[J].国际地震动态,1998,(1):31-33.
[37]Guidoboni E.I terremoti prima del Mille in Italia enell'area mediterranea.Storia,Archeologia,Sismologia.ING-SGA,Bolo-gna,Italy,1989a,765.Guidoboni E.Archeologia e sismicitàstorica:I luoghidel terremoto e le domande evitate.In:Guidoboni E(ed.)Iterremoti pri-ma del Mille in Italiaenell'areamediterranea.Storia,Archeologia,Sismologia.ING-SGA,Bologna,Italy,1989b,413-416.
[38]Stiros SC.Identification of earthquakes from archaeological data:methodology,criteria and limitations.In:Stiros S,Jones RE(eds.)Archaeoseismology.BritishSchool at Athens,Fitch Laboratory Occasional Paper7,1996:129-152.
[39]McGuire WJ,Griffith DR,Hancock PL,Stewart IS(eds.).The Archaeology.of Geological Catastrophes.London:Geological So-ciety Spec:2000,417.
[41]IGCP567.2009.Earthquake Archaeology,http://ees.kuleuven.be/igcp567/40N.N.Ambraseys.Earthquakes and archaeolo-gy.Journal of Archaeological Science.2006,33(7):1008-1016.
[42]Stewart IS,Buck VA.Earthquake Archaeology:a logical approach,American Geophysical Union,Fall Meeting,2001.
[43]Galadini F,Hinzen KG,Stiros S.Archaeoseismology:methodological issues and procedure.Journal of Seismology,2006,10(4).
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