基于含噪声脉动反应的悬索桥损伤识别
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摘要
用高斯白噪声模拟结构的脉动激励,获取其有限测点上有限时长的加速度反应并加入测量噪声;用改进NExT-ERA法识别含误差的不完备模态;用稳定图法和奇值法选择高精度的模态;进而比较由高精度模态建立的基于模态柔度、模态应变能、小波组分能量的损伤指标识别悬索桥损伤的能力和抗噪性,以及有限传感器的不同布置方案对损伤识别能力的影响。西堠门悬索桥的数值计算结果表明:该模态识别和选择的方法是有效的;基于模态应变能和模态柔度的指标对加劲梁损伤有一定灵敏度和抗噪性;能识别的损伤程度取决于模态误差和信噪比的大小;传感器优化布点可提高损伤指标的灵敏度。
Using Gaussian white noises to obtain acceleration responses with limited recording lengths at finite degrees-of-freedom(DOF),authors analytically simulated structural ambient excitations.The measurement noises were added in.Then,incomplete modal parameters containing errors were identified by using an improved NExT-ERA method;high precision modes were selected based on singular values method and stabilization diagram method.Damage capacity and noise immunity of suspension bridge detected by modal flexibility,modal strain energy and wavelet packet component energy which was established under high precision modal state were contrasted.Influences of different sensor localization schemes at finite DOF on damage detection capacities were discussed.Numerical example results of Xihoumen Suspension Bridge show that methods of modal identification and mode selection in this paper are effective;damage indexes of incomplete modal flexibility and modal strain energy are relatively sensitive and robust to damage of girders;identified damage extents lie on the extents of modal errors and signal-noise ratio;sensitivity of damage indexes can be improved by optimum sensor localization.
Using Gaussian white noises to obtain acceleration responses with limited recording lengths at finite degrees-of-freedom(DOF),authors analytically simulated structural ambient excitations.The measurement noises were added in.Then,incomplete modal parameters containing errors were identified by using an improved NExT-ERA method;high precision modes were selected based on singular values method and stabilization diagram method.Damage capacity and noise immunity of suspension bridge detected by modal flexibility,modal strain energy and wavelet packet component energy which was established under high precision modal state were contrasted.Influences of different sensor localization schemes at finite DOF on damage detection capacities were discussed.Numerical example results of Xihoumen Suspension Bridge show that methods of modal identification and mode selection in this paper are effective;damage indexes of incomplete modal flexibility and modal strain energy are relatively sensitive and robust to damage of girders;identified damage extents lie on the extents of modal errors and signal-noise ratio;sensitivity of damage indexes can be improved by optimum sensor localization.
引文
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[11]韩建刚,任伟新,孙增寿.基于小波包变换的梁体损伤识别[J].振动、测试与诊断,2006,26(1):5-10.HAN Jian-gang,REN Wei-xin,SUN Zeng-shou.Damage Detection of Beams Based on Wavelet PacketAnalysis[J].Journal of Vibration,Measurement&Diagnosis,2006,26(1):5-10.
[12]楼梦麟,雍国柱,李建元.阻尼特性对组合结构地震反应的影响[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2007,24(2):24-29.LOU Meng-lin,YONG Guo-zhu,LI Jian-yuan.Influ-ence of Damping Characteristics on Seismic Re-sponses of Composite Structures[J].Journal ofArchitecture and Civil Engineering,2007,24(2):24-29.
[13]陈啸,王宏伟,刘斌,等.相互作用体系动态参数识别与故障诊断[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2007,24(3):47-50.CHEN Xiao,WANG Hong-wei,LIU Bin,et al.Dy-namic Parameter Identification and Fault Diagnosis ofInteraction System[J].Journal of Architecture andCivil Engineering,2007,24(3):47-50.
[14]JUANG J N,PAPPA R S.An Eigensystem Realiza-tion Algorithm(ERA)for Modal Parameter Identifi-cation and Model Reduction[J].Journal of Guidance,Control,and Dynamics,1985,8(5):620-627.
[15]JAMES G H,CARNE T G,LAUFFER J P.The Nat-ural Excitation Technique for Modal Parameter Ex-traction from Operating Structures[J].The Inter-national Journal of Analytical and ExperimentalModal Analysis,1995,10(4):260-277.
[16]PINTELON R,GUILLAUME P,SCHOUKENS J.Uncertainty Calculation in(Operational)ModalAnalysis[J].Mechanical Systems and Signal Pro-cessing,2007,21(6):2359-2373.
[17]REYNDERS E,PINTELON R,DE ROECK G.Un-certainty Bounds on Modal Parameters Obtained fromStochastic Subspace Identification[J].MechanicalSystems and Signal Processing,2008,22(4):948-969.
[18]贺瑞,秦权.改进的NExT-ERA时域模态识别法的误差分析[J].清华大学学报:自然科学版,2009,49(6):803-810.HE Rui,QIN Quan.Error Analysis of Time-domainModal Identification Methods of Improved NExT-ERA[J].Journal of Tsinghua University:Science andTechnology,2009,49(6):803-810.
[19]PEETERS B.System Identification and Damage De-tection in Civil Engineering[D].Leuven:K.U.Leu-ven,2000.
[20]HE R,HUANG C J,QIN Q.Optimum Sensor Local-ization Based on Sensitivity of Incomplete Damage In-dexes[C/CD]//IMAC.Proceedings of IMAC XXVI.Orlando:IMAC,2008:336-345.
[21]GUYAN R J.Reduction of Stiffness and Mass Matri-ces[J].AIAA Journal,1965,3(2):380-385.
[22]KAMMER D C.Sensor Placement for On-orbit ModalIdentification and Correlation of Large Space Struc-tures[J].Journal of Guidance,Control and Dynamics,1991,14(2):251-259.
[2]常军.基于曲率模态的钢筋混凝土梁多点损伤位置识别[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2006,23(4):24-27.CHANG Jun.Curvature Model Based Many DamageLocations Identification of Reinforced Concrete Beam[J].Journal of Architecture and Civil Engineering,2006,23(4):24-27.
[3]李凤臣,刘青,王大鹏,等.斜拉索索力识别精度的提高方法[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2008,25(4):42-46.LI Feng-chen,LIU Qing,WANG Da-peng,et al.Ten-sion Identification Precision Enhancement Method forStay Cable[J].Journal of Architecture and CivilEngineering,2008,25(4):42-46.
[4]朱子,董聪.基于最小秩方法的结构损伤识别[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2006,23(3):37-40.ZHU Zi,DONG Cong.Structural Damage Identifica-tion Based on Minimum Rank Method[J].Journal ofArchitecture and Civil Engineering,2006,23(3):37-40.
[5]CATBAS F N,BROWN D L,AKTAN A E.Use ofModal Flexibility for Damage Detection and ConditionAssessment:Case Studies and Demonstrations onLarge Structures[J].Journal of Structural Engineer-ing,2006,132(11):1699-1712.
[6]邰扣霞,丁大钧.中国桥梁建设新飞跃[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2006,23(2):30-40.TAI Kou-xia,DING Da-jun.New Leaps in Construc-tion of Bridges in China[J].Journal of Architectureand Civil Engineering,2006,23(2):30-40.
[7]KIM J T,STUBBS N.Improved Damage Identifica-tion Method Based on Modal Information[J].Journalof Sound and Vibration,2002,252(2):223-238.
[8]姜绍飞,杨博,党永勤.易损性分析在结构抗震及健康监测中的应用[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2008,25(2):15-23.JIANG Shao-fei,YANG Bo,DANG Yong-qin.Appli-cation of Vulnerability Analysis in Structural Seismand Health Monitoring[J].Journal of Architectureand Civil Engineering,2008,25(2):15-23.
[9]赵昕,贾京,郑毅敏.基于BP神经网络的大跨高空连廊应变监测数据恢复[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2009,26(1):101-106.ZHAO Xin,JIA Jing,ZHENG Yi-min.Strain Monito-ring Data Restoring of Large-span Steel SkybridgeBased on BP Neural Network[J].Journal of Architec-ture and Civil Engineering,2009,26(1):101-106.
[10]SUN Z,CHANG C C.Statistical Wavelet-based Methodfor Structural Health Monitoring[J].Journal ofStructural Engineering,2004,130(7):1055-1062.
[11]韩建刚,任伟新,孙增寿.基于小波包变换的梁体损伤识别[J].振动、测试与诊断,2006,26(1):5-10.HAN Jian-gang,REN Wei-xin,SUN Zeng-shou.Damage Detection of Beams Based on Wavelet PacketAnalysis[J].Journal of Vibration,Measurement&Diagnosis,2006,26(1):5-10.
[12]楼梦麟,雍国柱,李建元.阻尼特性对组合结构地震反应的影响[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2007,24(2):24-29.LOU Meng-lin,YONG Guo-zhu,LI Jian-yuan.Influ-ence of Damping Characteristics on Seismic Re-sponses of Composite Structures[J].Journal ofArchitecture and Civil Engineering,2007,24(2):24-29.
[13]陈啸,王宏伟,刘斌,等.相互作用体系动态参数识别与故障诊断[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2007,24(3):47-50.CHEN Xiao,WANG Hong-wei,LIU Bin,et al.Dy-namic Parameter Identification and Fault Diagnosis ofInteraction System[J].Journal of Architecture andCivil Engineering,2007,24(3):47-50.
[14]JUANG J N,PAPPA R S.An Eigensystem Realiza-tion Algorithm(ERA)for Modal Parameter Identifi-cation and Model Reduction[J].Journal of Guidance,Control,and Dynamics,1985,8(5):620-627.
[15]JAMES G H,CARNE T G,LAUFFER J P.The Nat-ural Excitation Technique for Modal Parameter Ex-traction from Operating Structures[J].The Inter-national Journal of Analytical and ExperimentalModal Analysis,1995,10(4):260-277.
[16]PINTELON R,GUILLAUME P,SCHOUKENS J.Uncertainty Calculation in(Operational)ModalAnalysis[J].Mechanical Systems and Signal Pro-cessing,2007,21(6):2359-2373.
[17]REYNDERS E,PINTELON R,DE ROECK G.Un-certainty Bounds on Modal Parameters Obtained fromStochastic Subspace Identification[J].MechanicalSystems and Signal Processing,2008,22(4):948-969.
[18]贺瑞,秦权.改进的NExT-ERA时域模态识别法的误差分析[J].清华大学学报:自然科学版,2009,49(6):803-810.HE Rui,QIN Quan.Error Analysis of Time-domainModal Identification Methods of Improved NExT-ERA[J].Journal of Tsinghua University:Science andTechnology,2009,49(6):803-810.
[19]PEETERS B.System Identification and Damage De-tection in Civil Engineering[D].Leuven:K.U.Leu-ven,2000.
[20]HE R,HUANG C J,QIN Q.Optimum Sensor Local-ization Based on Sensitivity of Incomplete Damage In-dexes[C/CD]//IMAC.Proceedings of IMAC XXVI.Orlando:IMAC,2008:336-345.
[21]GUYAN R J.Reduction of Stiffness and Mass Matri-ces[J].AIAA Journal,1965,3(2):380-385.
[22]KAMMER D C.Sensor Placement for On-orbit ModalIdentification and Correlation of Large Space Struc-tures[J].Journal of Guidance,Control and Dynamics,1991,14(2):251-259.
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