夯扩挤密碎石桩处理液化砂土
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摘要
目的消除砂土液化,保证处理深度范围内地基土上下均匀,为液化砂土桩处理探索新的途径.方法夯扩挤密碎石桩采用相同的夯击能量和贯入度控制桩体质量,以高能量施工设备进行孔内夯击填料,振动和挤密桩底和桩间土,使松散砂土颗粒重排,提高砂土的承载力和压缩模量.笔者对比分析夯扩挤密碎石桩在沿海高速路基工程上的应用实例.结果采用夯扩挤密碎石桩复合加固地基,可提高砂层标贯锤击数30%,消除砂土液化现象,提高地基承载力,与振冲桩相比节省造价约20%.结论夯扩挤密碎石桩方法工艺简单,施工质量易保证,节约水资源;夯扩挤密碎石桩对于公路路基工程,具有广阔的应用前景,开辟了处理砂土液化的新途径.
To eliminate sand liquefaction and ensure foundation soil homogeneous is a new challenge in foundation construction.The same compacting energy is applied in compacted crushing stone piles to control the quality of the piles.High energy facility is adopted in bore-filling,which performs a vibration and compaction to the surrounding soil around the piles and makes the unconsolidated sand particles rearranged.As a result,this approach can increase load-carrying ability and compress modulus of sand,and eliminate sand liquefaction.Furthermore,compacted crushing stone pile has been applied successfully in the foundation engineering of the seashore freeway,which provides a new approach in treatment on saturated sand after liquefaction,specifically,by 30% in increasing sand layer SPT hammer bashes and by 20% in cost saving compared with vibroflotation file.Conclusively,this new approach is the one with easy-technique,high-quality guarantee,and energy saving,which can be regarded as a totally new approach in sand liquefaction and widely used in road construction.
To eliminate sand liquefaction and ensure foundation soil homogeneous is a new challenge in foundation construction.The same compacting energy is applied in compacted crushing stone piles to control the quality of the piles.High energy facility is adopted in bore-filling,which performs a vibration and compaction to the surrounding soil around the piles and makes the unconsolidated sand particles rearranged.As a result,this approach can increase load-carrying ability and compress modulus of sand,and eliminate sand liquefaction.Furthermore,compacted crushing stone pile has been applied successfully in the foundation engineering of the seashore freeway,which provides a new approach in treatment on saturated sand after liquefaction,specifically,by 30% in increasing sand layer SPT hammer bashes and by 20% in cost saving compared with vibroflotation file.Conclusively,this new approach is the one with easy-technique,high-quality guarantee,and energy saving,which can be regarded as a totally new approach in sand liquefaction and widely used in road construction.
引文
[1]厚盾,李进亮.夯扩挤密碎石桩的施工与质量控制[J].南水北调与水利科技,2008,6(s2):115-116.(Hou Dun,Li Jinliang.The construction and quality control of compaction composite gravel pile[J].South-To-North Water Transfers and Water Science&Technology,2008,6(s2):115-116.)
[2]魏会敏.夯扩挤密碎石桩在砂砾层基础处理中的应用[J].南水北调与水利科技,2006,4(3):55-57.(Wei Huimin.Compacted crushing stone pile in treatment for gravel foundation[J].South-To-North Water Transfers and Water Science&Technology,2006,4(3):55-57.)
[3]陈冬丽.孔内深层夯扩挤密桩地基的应用及设计[J].铁道工程学报,2001(2):127-129.(Chen Dongli.Application and design on foundation of enlarged compaction pile by tam ping in deep lay-er of bored hole[J].Journal of the Railway Engi-neering Society,2001(2):127-129.)
[4]许芸芸,孙忠强,刘亚昌,等.夯扩挤密碎石桩在沿海高速公路砂土液化地基中的应用[J].铁道建筑,2007(4):66-67.(Xu Yunyun,Sun Zhongqiang,Liu Yachang,et al.Application of compact-expanded stone piles to con-solidation of liquefiable sand soil under expressway in Tangshan seaboard[J].Railway Engineering,2007(4):66-67.)
[5]朱志刚,张勇,杨素春.夯扩挤密碎石桩处理深厚填土地基对比试验分析[J].勘察科学技术,2003(4):9-14.(Zhu Zhigang,Zhang Yong,Yang Suchun.Analysis of the comparison test for treating the deep-thick backfill foundation with ram-compaction gravel piles[J].Site Investigation Science and Technology,2003(4):9-14.)
[6]刘红军,薛新华.砂土地震液化预测的人工神经网络模型[J].岩土力学,2004(12):1942-1946,1950.(Liu Hongjun,Xue Xinhua.Artificial neural network model for prediction of seismic liquefaction of sand soil[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2004(12):1942-1946,1950.)
[7]Davis R,Berrill J B.Energy dissipation and seismic liquefaction in sands[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structure Dynamics,1982,10(1):68-70.
[8]Seed H B,Lee K L.Liquefaction of saturated sands during cyclic loading[J].Journal of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering Division,ASCE,1966,92(SM6):105-134.
[9]张建民,王刚.评价饱和砂土液化过程中小应变到大应变的本构模型[J].岩土工程学报,2004,26(4):546-552.(Zhang Jianmin,Wang Gang.A constitutive model for evaluating small to large cyclic strains of saturat-ed sand during liquefaction process[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2004,26(4):546-552.)
[10]Shamoto Y,Zhang Jianmin.Evaluation of seismic settlement potential of saturated sandy ground based on concept of relative compression[J].Soils and Foundations,1998,38(S2):57-68.
[11]中国建筑科学研究院.JGJ79-2002建筑地基处理技术规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.3.(China Academy of Building Research.JGJ79-2002Technical code for ground treatment of build-ings[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2001.3.)
[12]Shamoto Y,Zhang J M,Goto S.Mechanism of large post-liquefaction deformation in saturated sands[J].Soils and Foundations,1997,37(2):71-80.
[13]叶书麟.地基与基础施工手册[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1995.(Ye Shulin.Handbook of foundation construction[M].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,1995.)
[14]中国建筑科学研究院.GB50011-2001建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002.(China Academy of Building Research.GB50011-2001Aseismic design code for buildings[S].Bei-jing:China Architecture and Building Press,2002.)
[2]魏会敏.夯扩挤密碎石桩在砂砾层基础处理中的应用[J].南水北调与水利科技,2006,4(3):55-57.(Wei Huimin.Compacted crushing stone pile in treatment for gravel foundation[J].South-To-North Water Transfers and Water Science&Technology,2006,4(3):55-57.)
[3]陈冬丽.孔内深层夯扩挤密桩地基的应用及设计[J].铁道工程学报,2001(2):127-129.(Chen Dongli.Application and design on foundation of enlarged compaction pile by tam ping in deep lay-er of bored hole[J].Journal of the Railway Engi-neering Society,2001(2):127-129.)
[4]许芸芸,孙忠强,刘亚昌,等.夯扩挤密碎石桩在沿海高速公路砂土液化地基中的应用[J].铁道建筑,2007(4):66-67.(Xu Yunyun,Sun Zhongqiang,Liu Yachang,et al.Application of compact-expanded stone piles to con-solidation of liquefiable sand soil under expressway in Tangshan seaboard[J].Railway Engineering,2007(4):66-67.)
[5]朱志刚,张勇,杨素春.夯扩挤密碎石桩处理深厚填土地基对比试验分析[J].勘察科学技术,2003(4):9-14.(Zhu Zhigang,Zhang Yong,Yang Suchun.Analysis of the comparison test for treating the deep-thick backfill foundation with ram-compaction gravel piles[J].Site Investigation Science and Technology,2003(4):9-14.)
[6]刘红军,薛新华.砂土地震液化预测的人工神经网络模型[J].岩土力学,2004(12):1942-1946,1950.(Liu Hongjun,Xue Xinhua.Artificial neural network model for prediction of seismic liquefaction of sand soil[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2004(12):1942-1946,1950.)
[7]Davis R,Berrill J B.Energy dissipation and seismic liquefaction in sands[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structure Dynamics,1982,10(1):68-70.
[8]Seed H B,Lee K L.Liquefaction of saturated sands during cyclic loading[J].Journal of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering Division,ASCE,1966,92(SM6):105-134.
[9]张建民,王刚.评价饱和砂土液化过程中小应变到大应变的本构模型[J].岩土工程学报,2004,26(4):546-552.(Zhang Jianmin,Wang Gang.A constitutive model for evaluating small to large cyclic strains of saturat-ed sand during liquefaction process[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2004,26(4):546-552.)
[10]Shamoto Y,Zhang Jianmin.Evaluation of seismic settlement potential of saturated sandy ground based on concept of relative compression[J].Soils and Foundations,1998,38(S2):57-68.
[11]中国建筑科学研究院.JGJ79-2002建筑地基处理技术规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.3.(China Academy of Building Research.JGJ79-2002Technical code for ground treatment of build-ings[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2001.3.)
[12]Shamoto Y,Zhang J M,Goto S.Mechanism of large post-liquefaction deformation in saturated sands[J].Soils and Foundations,1997,37(2):71-80.
[13]叶书麟.地基与基础施工手册[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1995.(Ye Shulin.Handbook of foundation construction[M].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,1995.)
[14]中国建筑科学研究院.GB50011-2001建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002.(China Academy of Building Research.GB50011-2001Aseismic design code for buildings[S].Bei-jing:China Architecture and Building Press,2002.)
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