水中结构振动特性的实验研究
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摘要
对水中结构的振动特性进行了实验研究.制作了3组不同尺寸的试件,将其放于不同水深的试验水槽中,分别应用共振法和模态法进行动力特性测试,列出了实验步骤和实验结果,讨论了水深对悬臂结构振动特性的影响,得出结构在水中的固有频率均比空气中低,随着水深的增加,结构各阶固有频率降低程度逐渐加大,刚度较小结构的固有频率随水位的升高受水阻尼影响较大等结论.为便于对试验数据的正确性进行分析和判断,在进行水中试验前,利用两种有限元软件计算了悬臂结构在空气中的基频,并与两种不同实验方法测试的结果进行对比,计算数据和实验结果基本吻合.
The vibration characteristic of structures in water was studied in this paper.Three series of models were made for the experiment,they were tested in water of different depth to study their vibration characteristic with slow scanning method and modal method.The steps and conclusions of the experiment were presented here.The effect of different testing depth of water on the vibration characteristic of cantilever structures was discussed and some conclusions were reached.The natural frequency of structures in water is lower than that in atmosphere.With the testing depth of water goes deeper and deeper,the reducing of inherent frequency of each mode of the under water structures become more rapidly,especially that of the structure with smaller stiffness.In order to analyze and judge the validity of the date from the experiment,the fundamental frequency of the cantilever structure in atmosphere was calculated by two kinds of finite element models which was compared with the conclusions from two kinds of different testing methods.The statistics of experiments and calculations by computer were matched well.
The vibration characteristic of structures in water was studied in this paper.Three series of models were made for the experiment,they were tested in water of different depth to study their vibration characteristic with slow scanning method and modal method.The steps and conclusions of the experiment were presented here.The effect of different testing depth of water on the vibration characteristic of cantilever structures was discussed and some conclusions were reached.The natural frequency of structures in water is lower than that in atmosphere.With the testing depth of water goes deeper and deeper,the reducing of inherent frequency of each mode of the under water structures become more rapidly,especially that of the structure with smaller stiffness.In order to analyze and judge the validity of the date from the experiment,the fundamental frequency of the cantilever structure in atmosphere was calculated by two kinds of finite element models which was compared with the conclusions from two kinds of different testing methods.The statistics of experiments and calculations by computer were matched well.
引文
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[4]张敏.桥墩与河水流固耦合振动分析[D].大连交通大学土木与安全工程学院,2006.
[5]左东启.模型实验的理论和方法[M].北京:水利电利出版社,1984.
[2]丁思远.粘性流体对结构固有频率及阻尼的影响[J].郑州轻工业学院学报,1994,9(4):50-53.
[3]林圣华.结构试验[M].南京:南京工学院出版社,1987.
[4]张敏.桥墩与河水流固耦合振动分析[D].大连交通大学土木与安全工程学院,2006.
[5]左东启.模型实验的理论和方法[M].北京:水利电利出版社,1984.
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