隧道扩建爆破震动控制研究
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摘要
在隧道开挖施工方法中,钻爆法掘进对地表建筑物稳定影响显著。隧道扩建是在原有隧道结构上改造扩大,在隧道扩建施工中更应该注意施工给周围环境带来的影响。根据周边建筑物情况,在确定了重庆渝中区鹅岭隧道扩建工程爆破震动效应质点允许最大振动速度的基础上,利用LS-DYNA动力有限元分析软件对该工程爆破震动进行了模拟,获得了重庆渝中区鹅岭隧道扩建工程爆破开挖过程中的最大段装药控制量,综合经验公式计算结果确定了较为合理的火工品单位体积消耗量,并提出了减小单位消耗量的方法。为类似工程在投标报价和施工组织上提供了重要的参考数据。
In the construction of tunnels,blasting excavation has a profound influence on the stability of buildings on the ground surface.Tunnel extension is carried out on basis of the old tunnel,so attention must be paid to the construction work.Blasting vibration of Eling tunnel extension project in Yuzhong District,Chongqing,is simulated by LS-DYNA,the permitted maximum vibration velocity was determined according to the peripheral condition of this project.From the analysis,the control amount of explosive was obtained.Synthesizing empirical formula and the numerical results,a more rational consumption of explosive per unit volume is determined.And the methods are proposed for reducing the explosive consumption.It can serve as reference for similar projects.
In the construction of tunnels,blasting excavation has a profound influence on the stability of buildings on the ground surface.Tunnel extension is carried out on basis of the old tunnel,so attention must be paid to the construction work.Blasting vibration of Eling tunnel extension project in Yuzhong District,Chongqing,is simulated by LS-DYNA,the permitted maximum vibration velocity was determined according to the peripheral condition of this project.From the analysis,the control amount of explosive was obtained.Synthesizing empirical formula and the numerical results,a more rational consumption of explosive per unit volume is determined.And the methods are proposed for reducing the explosive consumption.It can serve as reference for similar projects.
引文
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[9]朱传云,卢文波.三峡工程临时船闸与升船机中隔墩爆破安全判据的研究[J].爆炸与冲击,1998,18(4):375-380.(Zhu Chuanyun,Lu Wenbo.Blasting safetycriterion for the rock wall between temporary shiplockand shiplift in the Three gorges project[J].Explosionand Shock Waves,1998,18(4):375-380.(in Chi-nese))
[10]卢文波,赖世骤,朱传云,等.三峡工程岩石基础开挖爆破震动控制安全标准[J].爆炸与冲击,2001,21(1):67-71.(Lu Wenbo,Lai Shizhou,Zhu Chua-nyun,et al.Blasting vibration safety criterion for therock foundation excavation in the Three gorges project[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2001,21(1):67-71.(in Chinese))
[11]汪旭光,于亚伦.关于爆破震动安全判据的几个问题[J].工程爆破,2001,7(2):88-91.(Wang Xu-guang,Yu Yalun.On several problems of safety crite-rion for blasting vibration[J].Engineering Blasting,2001,7(2):88-91.(in Chinese))
[12]黄文华,徐全军,沈蔚,等.小波变换在判断爆破地震危害中的应用[J].工程爆破,2001,7(1):24-27.(Huang Wenhua,Xu Quanjun,Shen Wei,et al.Ap-plication of wavelet transform in evaluation of blastingvibration damage[J].Engineering Blasting,2001,7(1):24-27.(in Chinese))
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[14]叶海旺,房泽法,彭志刚.爆破地震对结构的影响[J].爆破,2000,17(1):86-91.(Ye Haiwang,FangZhefa,Peng Zhigang.Effects of blasting vibration onstructures[J].Blasting,2000,17(1):86-91.(inChinese))
[15]许海亮.浅埋隧道掘进爆破地震效应试验研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2002.(Xu Hailiang.Ex-periment research on blasting vibration of shallow-bur-ied tunnels excavation[D].Chengdu:SouthwestJiaotong University,2002.(in Chinese))
[16]国家标准局GB 6722-2003爆破安全规程[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2003.(National Bureau ofStandards.Blasting safety regulations[S].Beijing:Press of China Standards,2003.(in Chinese))
[17]Yu TR and Vongpaisal S.Newblast criteria for under-ground blasting.CIM Bulletin 1996,89(998):139-145.
[18]LS-DYNAKeyword User’s Manual(Version970)[J].Livermore Software Technology Corporation,Liver-more,2003.
[19]杨军,金乾坤,黄风雷.岩石爆破理论模型及数值计算[M].北京:科学出版社,1999.(Yang Jun,JinQiankun,Huang Fenglei.Theory model and numericalcalculation of the rock blasting[M].Beijing:Press ofScience,1999.(in Chinese))
[20]张守中.爆炸与冲击动力学[M].北京:兵器工业出版社,1993.(Zhang Shouzhong.Dynamics of Explo-sion and Shock Waves[M].Beijing:Press of Weap-onry,1993.(in Chinese))
[21]C.P.Salisbury,D.S.Cronin,F.S.Lien.Investigationof the arbitrary lagrangian eulerian formulation to simu-late shock tube problems[J].8th International LS-DY-NA Users Conference,2004.
[22]Ahmed Fahmy Farag Tolba,Response of FRP-retrofit-ted reinforced concrete panels to blast loading[D].Carleton University,Ottawa,Canada,December,2001.
[23]时党勇,李裕春,张胜民.基于ANSYS/LS-DYNA8.1进行显式动力分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005.(Shi Dangyong,Li Yuchun,Zhang Shengmin.Dynamical analysis by ANSYS/LS-DYNA 8.1[M].Beijing:Press of Qinghua University,2005.(in Chi-nese))
[24]王莹,宋克英,龚建军.隧道快速掘进钻爆技术的改进及其工程应用[J].矿业快报,2007,1(1):90-92.(Wang Ying,Song Keying,Gong Jianjun.Drilling-and-blasting technology improvement for tunnel rapidexcavation and its application[J].Express Informa-tion of Mining Industry,2007,1(1):90-92.(in Chi-nese))
[2]杨小林,侯爱军.地铁隧道爆破施工的地震效应和安全标准[J].洛阳理工学院学报(自然科学版),2008,18(1):1-4.(Yang Xiaolin,Hou Aijun.Blasting seis-mic effects and safe criterion in metro tunnel excavation[J].Journal of Luoyang Institute of Science and Tech-nology(Natural Science Edition),2008,18(1):1-4.(in Chinese))
[3]霍永基,王湘均,费骥鸣.爆破地震效应及安全评定方法[A].工程爆破文集.全国工程爆破学术会议论文选(第二辑),冶金工业出版社,1985:184-187.(Huo Yongji,Wang Xiangjun,Fei Jiming.Blastingseismic effects and safe criterion[A].Engineeringblasting memoir.Memoir of nationwide engineeringblasting conference(Volume 2),Press of Metallurgy,1985:184-187.(in Chinese))
[4]阳生权,刘清泉.爆破地震动安全评定标准及其控制[C].第三届爆破学术讨论会,山东泰安,1992,10.(Yang Shengquan,Liu Qingquan.Blasting vibrationsafety criterion and control[C].The third engineeringblasting conference,Tai’an,Shangdong,1992,10.(in Chinese))
[5]李玉民,倪芝芳.地下工程开挖爆破的地面振动特征[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1997,16(3):274-278.(LiYumin,Ni Zhifang.The characteristics of surface vibra-tion of blasting in underground engineering[J].Chi-nese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1997,16(3):274-278.(in Chinese))
[6]王迪安.多层建筑对爆破地震波主频率的响应特性[J].矿业研究与开发,1999,19(增):10-12.(WangDi’an.Response of blasting vibration basic frequencyfor multilayer structures[J].Mining Research and De-velopment,1999,19(Supp.):10-12.(in Chinese))
[7]方俊波,崔天麟.浅埋地铁区间爆破振动对地表建筑物的影响[J].世界隧道,2000,(5):28-31.(FangJunbo,Cui Tianlin.Effects of blasting vibration on sur-face structures in shallow-buried tunnels excavation[J].International Tunnel,2000,(5):28-31.(in Chi-nese))
[8]朱传云,卢文波,董振华.岩质边坡爆破振动安全判据综述[J].爆破,1997,14(4):13-17.(Zhu Chua-nyun,Lu Wenbo,Dong Zhenhua.Review of safety cri-terion of rock slope blasting vibration[J].Blasting,1997,14(4):13-17.(in Chinese))
[9]朱传云,卢文波.三峡工程临时船闸与升船机中隔墩爆破安全判据的研究[J].爆炸与冲击,1998,18(4):375-380.(Zhu Chuanyun,Lu Wenbo.Blasting safetycriterion for the rock wall between temporary shiplockand shiplift in the Three gorges project[J].Explosionand Shock Waves,1998,18(4):375-380.(in Chi-nese))
[10]卢文波,赖世骤,朱传云,等.三峡工程岩石基础开挖爆破震动控制安全标准[J].爆炸与冲击,2001,21(1):67-71.(Lu Wenbo,Lai Shizhou,Zhu Chua-nyun,et al.Blasting vibration safety criterion for therock foundation excavation in the Three gorges project[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2001,21(1):67-71.(in Chinese))
[11]汪旭光,于亚伦.关于爆破震动安全判据的几个问题[J].工程爆破,2001,7(2):88-91.(Wang Xu-guang,Yu Yalun.On several problems of safety crite-rion for blasting vibration[J].Engineering Blasting,2001,7(2):88-91.(in Chinese))
[12]黄文华,徐全军,沈蔚,等.小波变换在判断爆破地震危害中的应用[J].工程爆破,2001,7(1):24-27.(Huang Wenhua,Xu Quanjun,Shen Wei,et al.Ap-plication of wavelet transform in evaluation of blastingvibration damage[J].Engineering Blasting,2001,7(1):24-27.(in Chinese))
[13]阳生权,廖先葵,刘宝琛.爆破地震动安全判据几个问题的探讨[J].矿冶工程,2001,21(3):68-72.(Yang Shengquan,Liao Xiankui,Liu Baochen.To-ward some problems of safety criteria of blasting vibra-tion[J].Mining and Metallurgical Engineering,2001,21(3):68-72.(in Chinese))
[14]叶海旺,房泽法,彭志刚.爆破地震对结构的影响[J].爆破,2000,17(1):86-91.(Ye Haiwang,FangZhefa,Peng Zhigang.Effects of blasting vibration onstructures[J].Blasting,2000,17(1):86-91.(inChinese))
[15]许海亮.浅埋隧道掘进爆破地震效应试验研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2002.(Xu Hailiang.Ex-periment research on blasting vibration of shallow-bur-ied tunnels excavation[D].Chengdu:SouthwestJiaotong University,2002.(in Chinese))
[16]国家标准局GB 6722-2003爆破安全规程[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2003.(National Bureau ofStandards.Blasting safety regulations[S].Beijing:Press of China Standards,2003.(in Chinese))
[17]Yu TR and Vongpaisal S.Newblast criteria for under-ground blasting.CIM Bulletin 1996,89(998):139-145.
[18]LS-DYNAKeyword User’s Manual(Version970)[J].Livermore Software Technology Corporation,Liver-more,2003.
[19]杨军,金乾坤,黄风雷.岩石爆破理论模型及数值计算[M].北京:科学出版社,1999.(Yang Jun,JinQiankun,Huang Fenglei.Theory model and numericalcalculation of the rock blasting[M].Beijing:Press ofScience,1999.(in Chinese))
[20]张守中.爆炸与冲击动力学[M].北京:兵器工业出版社,1993.(Zhang Shouzhong.Dynamics of Explo-sion and Shock Waves[M].Beijing:Press of Weap-onry,1993.(in Chinese))
[21]C.P.Salisbury,D.S.Cronin,F.S.Lien.Investigationof the arbitrary lagrangian eulerian formulation to simu-late shock tube problems[J].8th International LS-DY-NA Users Conference,2004.
[22]Ahmed Fahmy Farag Tolba,Response of FRP-retrofit-ted reinforced concrete panels to blast loading[D].Carleton University,Ottawa,Canada,December,2001.
[23]时党勇,李裕春,张胜民.基于ANSYS/LS-DYNA8.1进行显式动力分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005.(Shi Dangyong,Li Yuchun,Zhang Shengmin.Dynamical analysis by ANSYS/LS-DYNA 8.1[M].Beijing:Press of Qinghua University,2005.(in Chi-nese))
[24]王莹,宋克英,龚建军.隧道快速掘进钻爆技术的改进及其工程应用[J].矿业快报,2007,1(1):90-92.(Wang Ying,Song Keying,Gong Jianjun.Drilling-and-blasting technology improvement for tunnel rapidexcavation and its application[J].Express Informa-tion of Mining Industry,2007,1(1):90-92.(in Chi-nese))
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