小净距隧道爆破振动对山顶影响测试与分析
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摘要
为控制和评价爆破振动对山顶建筑物影响,文章对大坪山山顶建筑进行振动监测和分析。结果表明,山顶地表掌子面前后存在空洞放大效应,在0~40 m范围内振速放大系数较大(其值约为1.5~2.0),而后逐渐变小,在40~80 m区域振速放大系数约为1.0~1.5;未成洞区地表地震波符合萨道夫斯基经验衰减规律,但成洞区地表地震波不符合萨道夫斯基公式给出的衰减规律;地震波在地表传播的振动主频主要集中在低频段,约为16~96 Hz,且主频随着距离的增加逐渐递减,但掌子面前后的主频衰减程度不同,在掌子面前面测点的主频略小于在掌子面后面测点的主频。
In order to control and evaluate the impact of blasting vibration on the buildings on the hilltop,vibrations of constructions on the top of the Daping mountain are monitored and analyzed.The hilltop ground surface before and after the working surface has empty amplification,the vibration velocity magnification factor,which is about 1.5~2.0,is larger in the range of 0~40 m,and then gradually becomes smaller,and in the region of 40~80 m the velocity magnification factor is about 1.0~1.5.The seismic waves of the non-hole area surface are in line with the Sodev's empirical formula while the seismic waves of the hole area are not.The vibration dominant frequency,which is about 16~96 Hz,is mainly concentrated in the low frequency band when the seismic waves are spreaded in the surface,and the dominant frequency gradually decreases with the increasing of the distance.However,before and after the working face the attenuation degree of the dominant frequency is different: the measuring point dominant frequency in front of the working face is slightly less than in the back of the working face.
In order to control and evaluate the impact of blasting vibration on the buildings on the hilltop,vibrations of constructions on the top of the Daping mountain are monitored and analyzed.The hilltop ground surface before and after the working surface has empty amplification,the vibration velocity magnification factor,which is about 1.5~2.0,is larger in the range of 0~40 m,and then gradually becomes smaller,and in the region of 40~80 m the velocity magnification factor is about 1.0~1.5.The seismic waves of the non-hole area surface are in line with the Sodev's empirical formula while the seismic waves of the hole area are not.The vibration dominant frequency,which is about 16~96 Hz,is mainly concentrated in the low frequency band when the seismic waves are spreaded in the surface,and the dominant frequency gradually decreases with the increasing of the distance.However,before and after the working face the attenuation degree of the dominant frequency is different: the measuring point dominant frequency in front of the working face is slightly less than in the back of the working face.
引文
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[2]李玉民,倪芝芳.地下工程开挖爆破的地面振动特征[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1997,16(3):274-278.
[3]逄焕东,林从谋,王其升.铁路下隧洞爆破作业的安全爆破评估[J].爆破,2004,21(2):95-97.
[4]张继春,曹孝君,郑爽英,等.浅埋隧道掘进爆破的地表震动效应试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(22):4158-4163.
[5]刘新荣,黄明,祝云华,等.浅埋大跨隧道掘进中爆破振动控制与监测[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2008,19(2):44-48.
[6]阳生权,周健,李雪健.小净距公路隧道爆破震动观测与分析[J].工程爆破,2005,11(3):62-64.
[7]龙源,冯长根,徐全军,等.爆破地震波在岩石介质中传播特性与数值计算研究[J].工程爆破,2000,6(3):1-7.
[8]阳生权,廖先葵,刘宝琛.爆破地震安全判据的缺陷与改进[J].爆炸与冲击,2001,21(3):223-228.
[9]陈庆,王宏图,胡国忠,等.隧道开挖施工的爆破振动监测与控制技术[J].岩土力学,2005,26(6):964-967.
[10]言志信,吴德伦,王漪,等.地震效应及安全研究[J].岩土力学,2002,23(2):201-203.
[11]林从谋,崔积弘.尾水隧道掘进爆破对邻近铁路的震动影响监测分析[C]//防震减灾工程研究与进展(首届全国防灾减灾学术会议论文集).北京:科学出版社,2005:66-69.
[12]田运生,田会礼,于亚伦,等.爆破地震波作用下民房破坏分析和破坏特征[J].爆破,2005,22(1):96-98.
[13]娄建武,龙源.预裂缝减震作用下爆破地震波的频谱特征分析[J].爆破,2005,22(3):1-5.
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