关于中国公路灾害遥感监测数据源及其保障机制的思考
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摘要
探讨如何有效地建立遥感和基础路网数据的快速获取机制,为重大公路灾害遥感监测与评估提供数据保障。当前突出的问题是重大公路灾害后交通部门开展应急抢通保通缺乏快速有效的信息支持。通过归纳概括当前中国可用的遥感数据资源管理分布情况,结合对遥感数据服务提供机制和公路地图数据管理的现状及存在问题的分析,提出了公路灾害遥感监测和评估的各类数据获取和使用保障机制建立模式的建议。认为当前交通部门只有尽快建立部门内部的数据使用机制和遥感数据获取手段,或尽快建立跨部门的遥感数据获取保障机制,才能保证重大公路灾害发生后能够获得及时有效的遥感监测服务。
The purpose of this research is to discuss how to effectively build the mechanism of quickly acquiring remote sensing data and basic highway map data so as to provide the data security for monitoring and evaluating a large scale highway hazard by means of remote sensing technology.Currently,it is the reality that the decision-maker of transportation department cannot get effective information about the highway damage from remote sensing after a large hazard happened one or more days since the usable remote sensing data cannot be collected in time.First,the distribution status of current remote sensing data sources that can be used in China was summarized.After analyzing the current situation and existing problems about service mechanism of remote sensing data and government model of highway map data,the suggested security mechanism models for collecting all kinds of remote sensing data and using highway map data to ensure monitoring and evaluating the highway hazards were provided.It is concluded that the effective supplying mechanism of highway map data and the means of acquiring remote sensing data must be built in transportation department or the service mechanism of remote sensing data supplied by other departments must be set up as soon as possible to ensure that the timely and effective monitoring service by means of remote sensing technology can be provided after a large scale highway hazard happened.
The purpose of this research is to discuss how to effectively build the mechanism of quickly acquiring remote sensing data and basic highway map data so as to provide the data security for monitoring and evaluating a large scale highway hazard by means of remote sensing technology.Currently,it is the reality that the decision-maker of transportation department cannot get effective information about the highway damage from remote sensing after a large hazard happened one or more days since the usable remote sensing data cannot be collected in time.First,the distribution status of current remote sensing data sources that can be used in China was summarized.After analyzing the current situation and existing problems about service mechanism of remote sensing data and government model of highway map data,the suggested security mechanism models for collecting all kinds of remote sensing data and using highway map data to ensure monitoring and evaluating the highway hazards were provided.It is concluded that the effective supplying mechanism of highway map data and the means of acquiring remote sensing data must be built in transportation department or the service mechanism of remote sensing data supplied by other departments must be set up as soon as possible to ensure that the timely and effective monitoring service by means of remote sensing technology can be provided after a large scale highway hazard happened.
引文
[1]戴东昌.序[C]//公路应急和风险管理国际研讨会论文集.北京:人民交通出版社,2010.DAI Dongchang.Preface[C]//Proceeding of the PIARC International Seminar on Risk and Emergency Management for Roads.Beijing:China Communications Press,2010.
[2]张勇.关于我国公路交通应急能力建设的思考[C]//公路应急和风险管理国际研讨会论文集.北京:人民交通出版社,2010:365-369.ZHANG Yong.Reflection on the Emergency Response Capacity Building of China's Highways[C]//Proceedings of the PIARC International Seminar on Risk and Emergency Management for Roads.Beijing:China Communications Press,2010:365-369.
[3]刘亚岚,张勇,任玉环,等.汶川地震公路损毁遥感监测评估与信息集成[J].遥感学报,2008,12(6):933-941.LIU Yalan,ZHANG Yong,REN Yuhuan,et al.Highway Damage Monitoring and Assessment for Wenchuan Quake Based on Remote Sensing and Its Information Integration[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,2008,12(6):933-941.
[4]李德仁,陈晓玲,蔡晓斌.空间信息技术用于汶川地震救灾[J].遥感学报,2008,12(6):841-851.LI Deren,CHEN Xiaoling,CAI Xiaobin.Spatial Information Techniques in Rapid Response to Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,2008,12(6):841-851.
[5]滕学蓓.卫星遥感技术首次用于公路灾害评估[EB/OL].中国汶川地震报道,2008,http://www.showchina.org/zt/kz/bwxd/200806/t187520.htm.TENG Xuebei.Satellite Remote Sensing Technology was Used in Evaluating Road Hazards for the First Time[EB/OL].Reports on Wenchuan Earthquake of China,2008,http://www.showchina.org/zt/kz/bwxd/200806/t187520.htm.
[6]张勇,高克昌.基于遥感和GIS的公路水毁监测和评估技术框架[J].交通运输工程学报,2010,10(3):28-34.ZHANG Yong,GAO Kechang.Technical Framework of Monitoring and Evaluating Highway Water Destruction Based on Remote Sensing and GIS[J].Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,2010,10(3):28-34.
[7]中科院对地观测中心两架航空遥感飞机载誉返京———作者圆满完成四川震区生态调查与灾后重建遥感监测任务[EB/OL].http://www.ceode.cas.cn/xwdt/ttxw/200906/t20090605_2372616.html.Two Remote Sensing Planes of China Academy of Sciences have Returned Beijing after Finishing Its Task of Ecological Surveying and Rebuilding Monitoring in Sichuan Earthquake Area[EB/OL].http://www.ceode.cas.cn/xwdt/ttxw/200906/t20090605_2372616.html.
[8]中国国土资源遥感物探中心:专业飞机[EB/OL].作者http://www.agrs.cn/cms/website/AGRSOUT/layout3/lay3_1.jsp?infoId=227&channelId=3&siteId=1.China Aero Geophysical Survey&Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources(AGRS):Brief Introduction on special plane[EB/OL].http://www.agrs.cn/cms/website/AGRSOUT/layout3/lay3_1.jsp?infoId=227&channelId=3&siteId=1.
[9]刘玉机,胡远满.中巴地球资源卫星在辽东区域环境监测中的应用评价研究[J].测绘科学,2000,25(2):30-32.LIU Yuji,HU Yuanman.Evaluation of Satellite CBERS-1 Applying to Environmental Monitor in Eastern Liaoning Province[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2000,25(2):30-32.
[10]中国资源卫星应用中心:陆地卫星介绍[EB/OL].作者http://www.cresda.com/n16/n1130/index.html.China Center for Resources Satellite Data and Application:Introduction on CBERS Satellites[EB/OL].http://www.cresda.com/n16/n1130/index.html.
[11]北京一号小卫星专题介绍[EB/OL].http://www.21at.com.cn/.Special Introduction of Beijing-1 Small Satellite[EB/OL].http://www.21at.com.cn/.
[12]李小文,刘素红.遥感原理与应用[M].北京:科学技术出版社,2008.LI Xiaowen,LIU Suhong.Remote Sensing Principle and Application[M].Beijing:Science and Technology Press,2008.
[2]张勇.关于我国公路交通应急能力建设的思考[C]//公路应急和风险管理国际研讨会论文集.北京:人民交通出版社,2010:365-369.ZHANG Yong.Reflection on the Emergency Response Capacity Building of China's Highways[C]//Proceedings of the PIARC International Seminar on Risk and Emergency Management for Roads.Beijing:China Communications Press,2010:365-369.
[3]刘亚岚,张勇,任玉环,等.汶川地震公路损毁遥感监测评估与信息集成[J].遥感学报,2008,12(6):933-941.LIU Yalan,ZHANG Yong,REN Yuhuan,et al.Highway Damage Monitoring and Assessment for Wenchuan Quake Based on Remote Sensing and Its Information Integration[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,2008,12(6):933-941.
[4]李德仁,陈晓玲,蔡晓斌.空间信息技术用于汶川地震救灾[J].遥感学报,2008,12(6):841-851.LI Deren,CHEN Xiaoling,CAI Xiaobin.Spatial Information Techniques in Rapid Response to Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,2008,12(6):841-851.
[5]滕学蓓.卫星遥感技术首次用于公路灾害评估[EB/OL].中国汶川地震报道,2008,http://www.showchina.org/zt/kz/bwxd/200806/t187520.htm.TENG Xuebei.Satellite Remote Sensing Technology was Used in Evaluating Road Hazards for the First Time[EB/OL].Reports on Wenchuan Earthquake of China,2008,http://www.showchina.org/zt/kz/bwxd/200806/t187520.htm.
[6]张勇,高克昌.基于遥感和GIS的公路水毁监测和评估技术框架[J].交通运输工程学报,2010,10(3):28-34.ZHANG Yong,GAO Kechang.Technical Framework of Monitoring and Evaluating Highway Water Destruction Based on Remote Sensing and GIS[J].Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,2010,10(3):28-34.
[7]中科院对地观测中心两架航空遥感飞机载誉返京———作者圆满完成四川震区生态调查与灾后重建遥感监测任务[EB/OL].http://www.ceode.cas.cn/xwdt/ttxw/200906/t20090605_2372616.html.Two Remote Sensing Planes of China Academy of Sciences have Returned Beijing after Finishing Its Task of Ecological Surveying and Rebuilding Monitoring in Sichuan Earthquake Area[EB/OL].http://www.ceode.cas.cn/xwdt/ttxw/200906/t20090605_2372616.html.
[8]中国国土资源遥感物探中心:专业飞机[EB/OL].作者http://www.agrs.cn/cms/website/AGRSOUT/layout3/lay3_1.jsp?infoId=227&channelId=3&siteId=1.China Aero Geophysical Survey&Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources(AGRS):Brief Introduction on special plane[EB/OL].http://www.agrs.cn/cms/website/AGRSOUT/layout3/lay3_1.jsp?infoId=227&channelId=3&siteId=1.
[9]刘玉机,胡远满.中巴地球资源卫星在辽东区域环境监测中的应用评价研究[J].测绘科学,2000,25(2):30-32.LIU Yuji,HU Yuanman.Evaluation of Satellite CBERS-1 Applying to Environmental Monitor in Eastern Liaoning Province[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2000,25(2):30-32.
[10]中国资源卫星应用中心:陆地卫星介绍[EB/OL].作者http://www.cresda.com/n16/n1130/index.html.China Center for Resources Satellite Data and Application:Introduction on CBERS Satellites[EB/OL].http://www.cresda.com/n16/n1130/index.html.
[11]北京一号小卫星专题介绍[EB/OL].http://www.21at.com.cn/.Special Introduction of Beijing-1 Small Satellite[EB/OL].http://www.21at.com.cn/.
[12]李小文,刘素红.遥感原理与应用[M].北京:科学技术出版社,2008.LI Xiaowen,LIU Suhong.Remote Sensing Principle and Application[M].Beijing:Science and Technology Press,2008.
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