多年冻土区路基调查中瞬态面波勘探方法应用研究
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摘要
多年冻土地区铁路路基的振动与环境变化对路基稳定性的影响问题日益突出,为了评价这种影响引起的青藏铁路多年冻土区冻土的变化状况,首次应用了一种简便、高效、环保的瞬态面波勘探方法对其天然地表和典型结构路基及其下部多年冻土层进行了勘探。试验数据良好、频散特征显著,通过反演分析得到了青藏高原多年冻土地区天然地表和典型结构路基下部土体的剪切波速度剖面和多年冻土的分布。勘探结果表明,青藏铁路北麓河试验段勘探区内多年冻土上限一般为2m,层厚为20m左右,多年冻土层Vs平均为600m/s以上。该结果与该区地质钻探编录和钻孔波速测试结果较为一致,说明瞬态面波勘探在自然环境严峻的青藏高原多年冻土地区有着良好的适用性。
It's an increasingly serious problem that the influences of vibration and environmental changes on the stability of railroad embankment in permafrost regions.The maintenance of the railroad and assessment for the influence of the railway on the permafrost requires investigation and monitoring the changes of the embankment and the permafrost layer.We firstly applied a field experiment on applicability of transient surface wave survey on natural ground and railroad embankment together with permafrost investigation.The experiment data were good and the dispersion characteristics distinct.The Vs profiles of the natural ground,embankment,and their permafrost layers underground were obtained through dispersion analysis and inversion.Moreover,the result gave very clear boundary of the table and bottom of the permafrost layer underground at the Beilu River test segment of the Qinghai-Tibet Railroad.The table of permafrost is around 2m in deep;the thick of permafrost layer is about 20m;and their average Vs are above 600m/s,which is coincident with the borehole data and wave velocity test in this area.It demonstrates that the transient surface wave survey is effective for permafrost investigation in Qinghai-Tibet plateau.
It's an increasingly serious problem that the influences of vibration and environmental changes on the stability of railroad embankment in permafrost regions.The maintenance of the railroad and assessment for the influence of the railway on the permafrost requires investigation and monitoring the changes of the embankment and the permafrost layer.We firstly applied a field experiment on applicability of transient surface wave survey on natural ground and railroad embankment together with permafrost investigation.The experiment data were good and the dispersion characteristics distinct.The Vs profiles of the natural ground,embankment,and their permafrost layers underground were obtained through dispersion analysis and inversion.Moreover,the result gave very clear boundary of the table and bottom of the permafrost layer underground at the Beilu River test segment of the Qinghai-Tibet Railroad.The table of permafrost is around 2m in deep;the thick of permafrost layer is about 20m;and their average Vs are above 600m/s,which is coincident with the borehole data and wave velocity test in this area.It demonstrates that the transient surface wave survey is effective for permafrost investigation in Qinghai-Tibet plateau.
引文
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[11]崔占荣,张世洪,张俊喻.瞬态瑞雷波勘探中一些问题的讨论[J].物探与化探,1995,19(5):267-274.CUI Zhan-rong,ZHANG Shi-hong,ZHANG Jun-yu.A discussion on some problems in transient state rayleigh wave exploration[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,1995,19(5):267-274.
[12]刘云祯,王振东.瞬态面波法的数据采集处理系统及其应用实例[J].物探与化探,1996,20(1):28-34.LIU Yun-zhen,WANG Zhen-dong.Data collection and processing system of transient surface wave method and examples of its application[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,1996,20(1):28-34.
[2]秦大河,丁一汇.中国西部环境演变评估(第二卷),中国西部环境变化的预测[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.
[3]吴志坚,张鲁新,马巍,等.青藏铁路冻土区土体冷生过程对路基变形影响分析[J].岩土力学,2007,28(7):1309-1314.WU Zhi-jian,ZHANG Lu-xin,MA Wei,et al.Influence of soil's cryogenic course on deformation of roadbed in permafrost region of Qinghai-Tibet Railway[J].Rockand Soil Mechanics,2007,28(7):1309-1314.
[4]程国栋.局地因素对多年冻土分布的影响及其对青藏铁路设计的启示[J].中国科学(D辑),2003,33(6):602-607.CHENG Guo-dong.Effect of partial factors on permafrost distribution and its suggest on the Qinghai-Xizang railway design[J].Science in China:Series D,2003,33(6):602-607.
[5]吴志坚,马巍,王兰民,等.地震荷载作用下温度和围压对冻土强度影响的试验研究[J].冰川冻土,2003,25(6):648-652.WU Zhi-jian,MA Wei,WANG Lan-min,et al.Laboratory study on the effect of temperature and confining pressure on strength of frozen soil under seismic dynamic loading[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2003,25(6):648-652.
[6]PARK C B,MILLER R D,XIA J.Multi-channel analysis of surface wave[J].Geophysics,1999,(64):800-808.
[7]杨成林.瑞雷波勘探[M].北京:地质出版社,1993.
[8]王振东.浅层地震勘探应用技术[M].北京:地质出版社,1998.
[9]HAYASHI K,SUZUKI H.CMP cross-correlation analysis of multi-channel surface-wave data[J].Exploration Geophysics,2004,(35):7-13.
[10]FENG S,SUGIYAMA T,YAMANAKa H.Effectiveness of multi-mode surface wave inversion in shallow engineering site investigations[J].Exploration Geophysics,2005,(36):26-33.
[11]崔占荣,张世洪,张俊喻.瞬态瑞雷波勘探中一些问题的讨论[J].物探与化探,1995,19(5):267-274.CUI Zhan-rong,ZHANG Shi-hong,ZHANG Jun-yu.A discussion on some problems in transient state rayleigh wave exploration[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,1995,19(5):267-274.
[12]刘云祯,王振东.瞬态面波法的数据采集处理系统及其应用实例[J].物探与化探,1996,20(1):28-34.LIU Yun-zhen,WANG Zhen-dong.Data collection and processing system of transient surface wave method and examples of its application[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,1996,20(1):28-34.
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