叠前深度偏移在深水崎岖海底地震资料的应用
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摘要
深水勘探近年来成为海上勘探的热点,这不可避免会碰到崎岖海底的情况。在崎岖海底的地震资料中,地震波的传播路径受海底影响严重畸变,速度横向变化剧烈,导致下伏地层严重扭曲变形,时间偏移无论叠前还是叠后均不能改变这种情况。三维叠前深度偏移对构造复杂及速度的横向变化均没有条件限制,所以成为解决崎岖海底成像的有力工具。本文即以南海珠江口盆地某区的叠前深度偏移处理为例,阐述其处理的过程、涉及的方法和取得的效果。其中技术包括海上资料预处理、海底层位的建立、CVI约束速度反演、梯度的引进,实体模型的建立,全局层析优化等等。
In the seismic data from rough deep sea bottom,the path of seismic wave is seriously distorted by the sea bottom,and lateral velocity is changed greatly,causing lower strata to be distorted,and the time migration can not change the situation with the post-stack or the pre-stack.The 3D pre-stack depth migration(PSDM) can be used to solve the problem,because it has no limitation to the complex structure and the change of the lateral velocity change.In this paper,it takes an example of PSDM in the Zhujiangkou Basin of South China Sea,it illustrates the process,technique and effect.It includes the pre-process of the ocean seismic data,the foundation of sea bottom layer,the CVI(Constrainted Velocity nversion),the introduction of gradient,the foundation of solid model and the whole tomography velocity refined and so on.
In the seismic data from rough deep sea bottom,the path of seismic wave is seriously distorted by the sea bottom,and lateral velocity is changed greatly,causing lower strata to be distorted,and the time migration can not change the situation with the post-stack or the pre-stack.The 3D pre-stack depth migration(PSDM) can be used to solve the problem,because it has no limitation to the complex structure and the change of the lateral velocity change.In this paper,it takes an example of PSDM in the Zhujiangkou Basin of South China Sea,it illustrates the process,technique and effect.It includes the pre-process of the ocean seismic data,the foundation of sea bottom layer,the CVI(Constrainted Velocity nversion),the introduction of gradient,the foundation of solid model and the whole tomography velocity refined and so on.
引文
[1]杨凯,李列.深水崎岖海底对下伏地层反射波特征的影响分析[J].工程地球物理学报,2010,7(1):1～6.
[2]何敏,朱明,汪瑞良,等.白云深水崎岖海底区时深转换方法探讨[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(3):996～971.
[3]陈礼,葛勇.深水崎岖海底地震资料叠前深度偏移的必要性[J].中国海上油气,2005,17(1):12～16.
[4]李来林,魏大力.LIFT去噪方法在地震资料处理中的应用[J].石油物探,2007,46(2):193～195.
[5]万欢,但志伟,冯全雄.海上地震勘探外源干扰快速压制方法[J],工程地球物理学报,2010,7(1):11～14.
[6]Pradigm User Document Online.
[7]李崇灿,闫奎邦,李占林.叠前深度偏移深度域地震资料构造解释方法探讨[A],中国石油协会东部地区第十二次物探技术研讨会论文集[C].2005.133～135.
[2]何敏,朱明,汪瑞良,等.白云深水崎岖海底区时深转换方法探讨[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(3):996～971.
[3]陈礼,葛勇.深水崎岖海底地震资料叠前深度偏移的必要性[J].中国海上油气,2005,17(1):12～16.
[4]李来林,魏大力.LIFT去噪方法在地震资料处理中的应用[J].石油物探,2007,46(2):193～195.
[5]万欢,但志伟,冯全雄.海上地震勘探外源干扰快速压制方法[J],工程地球物理学报,2010,7(1):11～14.
[6]Pradigm User Document Online.
[7]李崇灿,闫奎邦,李占林.叠前深度偏移深度域地震资料构造解释方法探讨[A],中国石油协会东部地区第十二次物探技术研讨会论文集[C].2005.133～135.
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