TRT在隧道地质超前预报中的应用
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摘要
在隧道施工中,由于勘察设计的局限性和隧道围岩地质条件的复杂多变性,因此难以对复杂的地质情况做出准确的微观把握,往往造成地质勘探资料与实际情况不符,经常遇到岩溶突水、软弱围岩大变形、塌方、沉陷、岩爆、瓦斯突出等地质灾害,导致人身伤亡,工期延误,为了将地质灾害影响程度降到最低,施工前进行超前地质预报是十分必要的。详细介绍了TRT超前预测预报系统的原理、方法及突出特点,并以大瑞线铁路尖山岭隧道为实例,对预报结果进行了较为详细的处理、分析和现场验证,最后指出了该技术待进一步研究的问题。
In the tunnel construction,because of the limitation of survey and design and complicated variety of the tunnel surrounding rock geological conditions,it is very difficult to make accurate micro grasp for complicated geological conditions,which often cause that the geological prospecting data do not correspond with practical ones,so the geological hazard such as Karst water bursting,large deformation of soft rock,collapse,subsidence,rock outburst,gas burst,and so on were frequently encountered.For the purpose of effective reducing the degree of the geological hazard,it is quite necessary to carry out the geological forecast at pre-construction.In this paper the principle,method and outstanding feature of TRT advanced prediction and forecast system were introduced in detail.Taking the Jianshanling tunnel at Darui railway as an example,the forecast results were in detail processed,analyzed and field validity was taken out.Finally,further research problems of this technique were pointed out.
In the tunnel construction,because of the limitation of survey and design and complicated variety of the tunnel surrounding rock geological conditions,it is very difficult to make accurate micro grasp for complicated geological conditions,which often cause that the geological prospecting data do not correspond with practical ones,so the geological hazard such as Karst water bursting,large deformation of soft rock,collapse,subsidence,rock outburst,gas burst,and so on were frequently encountered.For the purpose of effective reducing the degree of the geological hazard,it is quite necessary to carry out the geological forecast at pre-construction.In this paper the principle,method and outstanding feature of TRT advanced prediction and forecast system were introduced in detail.Taking the Jianshanling tunnel at Darui railway as an example,the forecast results were in detail processed,analyzed and field validity was taken out.Finally,further research problems of this technique were pointed out.
引文
[1]冯永,李永鸿,杜文哲.TSP在隧道超前地质预报的应用研究[J].西北地震学报,2006,28(4):348-351.(Feng Yong,Li Yonghong,Du Wenzhe.Study on appli-cation of TSP geology prediction in tunnel construction[J].Chinese Journal of Northwestern Seismological,2006,28(4):348-351.(in Chinese))
[2]李永鸿,徐光黎,杨银湖王骏,等.地震反射波法技术及其在隧道超前地质预报中的应用研究[J].岩土工程学报,2005,27(10):1180-1184.(Li Yonghong,Xu Guangli,Yang Yinhu,et al.Application of earth-quake refracted wave method to geological prediction fortunneling[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engi-neering,2005,27(10):1 180-1 184.(in Chinese))
[3]李术才,李树忱,张庆松,等.岩溶裂隙水与不良地质情况超前预报研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(2):217-225.(Li Shucai,Li Shuchen,Zhang Qing-song,et al.Forecast of Karst-fractured groundwater anddefective geological conditions[J].Chinese Journal ofRock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(2):217-225.(in Chinese))
[4]徐则民,黄润秋.深埋特长隧道及其施工地质灾害[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,2000.(Xu Ze-min,Huang Runqiu.Deep-lying super-long tunnel andconstruction geology disaster.[M].Southwest JiaotongUniversity Press,2000.(in Chinese))
[5]李术才,薛翊国,张庆松,等.高风险岩溶地区隧道施工地质灾害综合预报预警关键技术研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(7):1297-1307.(Li Shu-cai,Xue Yiguo,Zhang Qingsong,et al.Key technologystudy on comprehensive prediction and early-warning ofgeological hazards during tunnel construction in high-risk Karst areas[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechan-ics and Engineering,2008,27(7):1 297-1 307.(inChinese))
[6]刘新荣,祝云华,陈金华,等.高压富水区隧道超前地质预报应用研究[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(4):1 304-1 309.(Liu Xinrong,Zhu Yunhua,ChenJinhua,et al.Research on the application of advancedgeological prediction to the high pressure and rich waterin tunnels[J].Chinese Journal of Progress in Geophys-ics,2008,23(4):1 304-1 309.(in Chinese))
[7]方建立,应松,贾进.地质雷达在公路隧道超前地质预报中的应用[J].中国岩溶,2005,24(2):160-163.(Fang Jianli,Ying Song,Jia Jin.Application ofGPR in geological forecast for highway tunnels[J].Chinese Journal of Carsologica Sinica,2005,24(2):160-163.(in Chinese))
[8]周黎明,刘天佑,刘江平,等.复杂铁路隧道施工地质超前预报中TSP探测技术应用研究[J].铁道工程学报,2008,(1):37-40.(Zhou Liming,Liu Tianyou,LiuJiangping,et al.Research on application of TSP detec-tion technology in geological forecast in advance for con-struction of railway tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Rail-way Engineering Society,2008,(1):37-40.(in Chi-nese))
[9]赵永贵.国内外隧道超前预报技术评析与推介[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(4):1344-1352.(ZhaoYonggui.Analysis and recommendation of tunnel pre-diction techniques at home and abroad[J].ChineseJournal of Progress in Geophysics,2007,22(4):1 344-1 352.(in Chinese))
[10]何发亮,李苍松.隧道施工期地质超前预报技术的发展[J].现代隧道技术,2001,(3):12-15.(HeFaliang,Li Cangsong.The development of geologicalforecast in tunnel construction[J].Chinese Journal ofModern Tunnelling Technology,2001,(3):12-15.(inChinese))
[11]宋先海,顾汉明,肖柏勋.我国隧道地质超前预报技术述评[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):605-613.(Song Xianhai,Gu Hanming,Xiao Boxun.Overview oftunnel geological advanced prediction in China[J].Chinese Journal of Progress in Geophysics,2006,21(2):605-613.(in Chinese))
[12]吴俊,毛海和,应松,等.地质雷达在公路隧道短期地质超前预报中的应用[J].岩土力学,2003,24(增1):154-157.(Wu Jun,Mao Haihe,Ying Song,et al.Application of ground probing radar to short-term geolog-ical forecast for tunnel construction[J].Chinese Jour-nal of Rock and Soil Mechanics,2003,24(Supp.1):154-157.(in Chinese))
[13]钟宏伟,赵凌.我国隧道工程超前预报技术现状分析[J].人民长江,2004,35(9):15-17.(ZhongHongwei,Zhao Ling.Analysis of status-quo of forwardprediction technology of Chinese tunnel works[J].Chinese Journal of Yangtze River,2004,35(9):15-17.(in Chinese))
[14]刘玉山,陈建平.TRT技术在乌池坝隧道超前预报中的应用[J].铁道建筑,2008,(9):59-61.(LiuYushan,Chen Jianshan.Tunnel reflection tomographyand its application in Wuchiba super long highway tun-nel[J].Chinese Journal of Railway Engineering,2008,(9):59-61.(in Chinese))
[15]赵永贵,刘浩,孙宇,等.隧道地质超前预报研究进展[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(3):460-464.(Zhao Yonggui,Liu Hao,Sun Yu,et al.Researchprogress in tunnel geological prediction[J].ChineseJournal of Progress in Geophysics,2003,18(3):460-464.(in Chinese))
[2]李永鸿,徐光黎,杨银湖王骏,等.地震反射波法技术及其在隧道超前地质预报中的应用研究[J].岩土工程学报,2005,27(10):1180-1184.(Li Yonghong,Xu Guangli,Yang Yinhu,et al.Application of earth-quake refracted wave method to geological prediction fortunneling[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engi-neering,2005,27(10):1 180-1 184.(in Chinese))
[3]李术才,李树忱,张庆松,等.岩溶裂隙水与不良地质情况超前预报研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(2):217-225.(Li Shucai,Li Shuchen,Zhang Qing-song,et al.Forecast of Karst-fractured groundwater anddefective geological conditions[J].Chinese Journal ofRock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(2):217-225.(in Chinese))
[4]徐则民,黄润秋.深埋特长隧道及其施工地质灾害[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,2000.(Xu Ze-min,Huang Runqiu.Deep-lying super-long tunnel andconstruction geology disaster.[M].Southwest JiaotongUniversity Press,2000.(in Chinese))
[5]李术才,薛翊国,张庆松,等.高风险岩溶地区隧道施工地质灾害综合预报预警关键技术研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(7):1297-1307.(Li Shu-cai,Xue Yiguo,Zhang Qingsong,et al.Key technologystudy on comprehensive prediction and early-warning ofgeological hazards during tunnel construction in high-risk Karst areas[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechan-ics and Engineering,2008,27(7):1 297-1 307.(inChinese))
[6]刘新荣,祝云华,陈金华,等.高压富水区隧道超前地质预报应用研究[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(4):1 304-1 309.(Liu Xinrong,Zhu Yunhua,ChenJinhua,et al.Research on the application of advancedgeological prediction to the high pressure and rich waterin tunnels[J].Chinese Journal of Progress in Geophys-ics,2008,23(4):1 304-1 309.(in Chinese))
[7]方建立,应松,贾进.地质雷达在公路隧道超前地质预报中的应用[J].中国岩溶,2005,24(2):160-163.(Fang Jianli,Ying Song,Jia Jin.Application ofGPR in geological forecast for highway tunnels[J].Chinese Journal of Carsologica Sinica,2005,24(2):160-163.(in Chinese))
[8]周黎明,刘天佑,刘江平,等.复杂铁路隧道施工地质超前预报中TSP探测技术应用研究[J].铁道工程学报,2008,(1):37-40.(Zhou Liming,Liu Tianyou,LiuJiangping,et al.Research on application of TSP detec-tion technology in geological forecast in advance for con-struction of railway tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Rail-way Engineering Society,2008,(1):37-40.(in Chi-nese))
[9]赵永贵.国内外隧道超前预报技术评析与推介[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(4):1344-1352.(ZhaoYonggui.Analysis and recommendation of tunnel pre-diction techniques at home and abroad[J].ChineseJournal of Progress in Geophysics,2007,22(4):1 344-1 352.(in Chinese))
[10]何发亮,李苍松.隧道施工期地质超前预报技术的发展[J].现代隧道技术,2001,(3):12-15.(HeFaliang,Li Cangsong.The development of geologicalforecast in tunnel construction[J].Chinese Journal ofModern Tunnelling Technology,2001,(3):12-15.(inChinese))
[11]宋先海,顾汉明,肖柏勋.我国隧道地质超前预报技术述评[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):605-613.(Song Xianhai,Gu Hanming,Xiao Boxun.Overview oftunnel geological advanced prediction in China[J].Chinese Journal of Progress in Geophysics,2006,21(2):605-613.(in Chinese))
[12]吴俊,毛海和,应松,等.地质雷达在公路隧道短期地质超前预报中的应用[J].岩土力学,2003,24(增1):154-157.(Wu Jun,Mao Haihe,Ying Song,et al.Application of ground probing radar to short-term geolog-ical forecast for tunnel construction[J].Chinese Jour-nal of Rock and Soil Mechanics,2003,24(Supp.1):154-157.(in Chinese))
[13]钟宏伟,赵凌.我国隧道工程超前预报技术现状分析[J].人民长江,2004,35(9):15-17.(ZhongHongwei,Zhao Ling.Analysis of status-quo of forwardprediction technology of Chinese tunnel works[J].Chinese Journal of Yangtze River,2004,35(9):15-17.(in Chinese))
[14]刘玉山,陈建平.TRT技术在乌池坝隧道超前预报中的应用[J].铁道建筑,2008,(9):59-61.(LiuYushan,Chen Jianshan.Tunnel reflection tomographyand its application in Wuchiba super long highway tun-nel[J].Chinese Journal of Railway Engineering,2008,(9):59-61.(in Chinese))
[15]赵永贵,刘浩,孙宇,等.隧道地质超前预报研究进展[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(3):460-464.(Zhao Yonggui,Liu Hao,Sun Yu,et al.Researchprogress in tunnel geological prediction[J].ChineseJournal of Progress in Geophysics,2003,18(3):460-464.(in Chinese))
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