基于量测位移的隧洞围岩弹性抗力系数反演方法
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摘要
在水工隧洞工程中,岩石弹性抗力系数K反映了岩石弹性抗力的大小,是设计环节中需要确定的一个极为重要的基础计算参数。水工隧洞工程中需用水压法试验测定弹性抗力系数,由于水压法测定抗力系数不仅耗时、费工、且试验工艺复杂。本文通过对比分析弹性状态下深埋圆形隧洞开挖支护与水压法试验力学效应关系,提出一种基于量测隧洞位移的围岩抗力系数的反演方法,该法可根据量测隧洞位移直接反演得到弹性抗力系数。结合北京市南水北调配套工程南干渠工程试验段工程实践,对浅埋水工隧洞位移进行监测,利用提出的反演方法,得到了隧洞围岩的弹性抗力系数。提出的反演方法为复杂水工隧洞不同围岩应力状态问题的弹性抗力系数反演提供参考和借鉴。
The rock elastic resistance coefficient K is an important parameter and reflects the resistance of the rock around the tunnel in hydraulic tunnel engineering.It is found that the elastic resistance coefficient calculated by tunnel excavation supporting is entirely consistent with the coefficient calculated by hydrostatic test.The finding is based on the comparative analysis of mechanical effect relations under elastic state between tunnel excavation supporting and hydrostatic test.Back analysis method of elastic resistant coefficient from the measured displacements of the tunnels is proposed.According to the construction of shallow buried hydraulic tunnel in loose ground,a comprehensive monitoring on the displacements of the tunnel is performed during construction.Based on the measured data and the proposed inversion method of elastic resistant coefficient,the elastic resistant coefficient is obtained.The method,analysis and conclusion of research can be valuable experience and reference for design,construction,supervision and further theoretical research on tunnel engineering under similar conditions.
The rock elastic resistance coefficient K is an important parameter and reflects the resistance of the rock around the tunnel in hydraulic tunnel engineering.It is found that the elastic resistance coefficient calculated by tunnel excavation supporting is entirely consistent with the coefficient calculated by hydrostatic test.The finding is based on the comparative analysis of mechanical effect relations under elastic state between tunnel excavation supporting and hydrostatic test.Back analysis method of elastic resistant coefficient from the measured displacements of the tunnels is proposed.According to the construction of shallow buried hydraulic tunnel in loose ground,a comprehensive monitoring on the displacements of the tunnel is performed during construction.Based on the measured data and the proposed inversion method of elastic resistant coefficient,the elastic resistant coefficient is obtained.The method,analysis and conclusion of research can be valuable experience and reference for design,construction,supervision and further theoretical research on tunnel engineering under similar conditions.
引文
[1]钱令希.关于水工有压隧洞计算中的弹性抗力系数“K”[J].土木工程学报,1955,2(4):369～380.Qian Lingxi.Calculation method of elastic resistant coefficien“t K”in hydraulic pressure tunnel.China Civil Engineering Journal,1955,2(4):369～380.
[2]蔡晓鸿,蔡勇平.水工压力隧洞结构应力计算[M].北京:水利水电出版社,2004.Cai Xiaohong,Cai Yongping.Structure Stress Calculation forHydraulic Pressure Tunnel.Beijing:China WaterPower Press,2004.
[3]吕有年.水工有压隧洞岩石抗力系数“K”的一个新公式[J].岩土工程学报,1981,3(1):70～80.LüYounian.A new formula of rock resistant factor“K”inhydraulic pressure tunnel.Chinese Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering,1981,3(1):70～80.
[4]蔡晓鸿,吕有年.应用塑性强化理论推求圆形压力隧洞岩石抗力系数K[J].岩土工程学报,1984,3(1):44～56.Cai Xiaohong,LüYounian.Rock resistant factor“K”in circlepressure tunnel by plastic harding theoty.Chinese Journal ofGeotechnical Engineering,1984,6(3):44～56.
[5]蔡晓鸿.圆形压力隧洞岩石抗力系数K的理论和计算[J].工程力学,1988,(3):100～108.Cai Xiaohong.The theories and computation of the rock resistantfactor“K”in circuiar pressure tunnel.Engineering Mechanics,1988,(3):100～108.
[6]蔡晓鸿,蔡勇斌,蔡勇平,等.考虑中间主应力影响的压力隧洞围岩抗力系数通用计算式[J].岩土工程学报,2007,28(7):1004～1008.Cai Xiaohong,Cai Yongbin,Cai Yongping,et al.Calculation ofresistance coefficient of adjoining rock for pressure tunnelsconsidering effect of intermediate principal stress.Chinese Journalof Geotechnical Engineering,2007,28(7):1004～1008.
[7]徐栓强,俞茂宏.考虑中间主应力效应的隧洞岩石抗力系数的计算[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(增1):4303～4305.Xu Shuanqiang,Yu Maohong.Calculation of rock resistant factorin tunnel considering intermediate principal stress efect.ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(S1):4303～4305.
[8]涂忠仁.大跨海底隧道围岩抗力系数理论与试验分析及其设计应用研究[D].上海:同济大学,2006.Tu Zhongren.Theoretical and Experimental Analysis and DesignApplication on Surrounding Rock Resistant Coefficient for Large-span Undersea Tunnel.Shanghai:Tongji University,2006.
[9]涂忠仁.基于统一强度理论的公路隧道围岩抗力系数计算[J].重庆交通学院学报,2006,(1):27～30.Tu Zhongren.Determination of rock resistant coefficient in roadtunnel based on unified strength theory.Journal of ChongqingJiaotong University,2006,(1):27～30.
[10]马青,赵均海,魏雪英.基于统一强度理论的巷道围岩抗力系数研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(11):3393～3398.Ma Qing,Zhao Junhai,Wei Xueying.Investigation of rockresistant coefficient in rocks around tunnel based on unifiedstrength theory.Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(11):3393～3398.
[11]王芝银,李云鹏.地下工程位移反分析方法及程序[M].西安:陕西科学技术出版社,1993,82～87.Wang Zhiyin,Li Yunpeng.Methods and Programs of BackAnalysis of Displacements in Underground Engineering.Xi'an:Shanxi Science and Technology Press,1993,82～87.
[12]杨志法,王思敬,冯紫良,等.岩土工程反分析原理及应用[M].北京:地震出版社,2002,260～261.Yang Zhifa,Wang Sijing,Feng Ziliang,et al.Principle of BackAnalysis and its Application in Geotechnical Engineering.Beijing:Seismological Press,2002,260～261.
[13]刘勇,袁鸿鹄,王芝银,等.浅埋水工隧洞参数反演与安全影响评价[J].工程地质学报,2011,19(6):902～908.Liu Yong,Yuan Honghu,Wang Zhiyin,et al.Parameter backanalysis and safety impact evaluation of shallow hydraulic tunnel.Journal of Engineering Geology,2011,19(6):902～908.
[14]胡新丽,唐辉明,李长冬,等.基于参数反演的保扎滑坡变形破坏机理研究[J].工程地质学报,2011,19(6):795～801.Hu Xinli,Tang Huiming,Li Changdong,et al.Deformationmechanism of baozha landslide with parametric back analysis.Journal of Engineering Geology,2011,19(6):795～801.
[15]聂林,杨涛,马惠民,等.基于滑动机理分析的滑带强度参数反演[J].工程地质学报,2012,20(1):15～20.Nie Lin,Yang Tao,Ma Huimin,et al.Strength parameterinversion for sliding zone from sliding mechanism analysis.Journal of Engineering Geology,2012,20(1):15～20.
[16]北京市水利规划设计研究院,中国石油大学(北京).北京市南水北调配套工程南干渠工程试验段工程松散土层中水工隧洞支护技术与围岩变形规律[R].北京:北京市水利规划设计研究院,2010.Beijing Institute of Water,China University of Petroleum(Beijing).Research on Support Technology and Deformation Lawof Surrounding Rock for Hydraulic Tunnel in Loose Soil of theSouthern Main Canal Project of Beijing Matching Engineering ofSouth-to-North Water Diversion.Beijing:Beijing Institute ofWater,2010.
[2]蔡晓鸿,蔡勇平.水工压力隧洞结构应力计算[M].北京:水利水电出版社,2004.Cai Xiaohong,Cai Yongping.Structure Stress Calculation forHydraulic Pressure Tunnel.Beijing:China WaterPower Press,2004.
[3]吕有年.水工有压隧洞岩石抗力系数“K”的一个新公式[J].岩土工程学报,1981,3(1):70～80.LüYounian.A new formula of rock resistant factor“K”inhydraulic pressure tunnel.Chinese Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering,1981,3(1):70～80.
[4]蔡晓鸿,吕有年.应用塑性强化理论推求圆形压力隧洞岩石抗力系数K[J].岩土工程学报,1984,3(1):44～56.Cai Xiaohong,LüYounian.Rock resistant factor“K”in circlepressure tunnel by plastic harding theoty.Chinese Journal ofGeotechnical Engineering,1984,6(3):44～56.
[5]蔡晓鸿.圆形压力隧洞岩石抗力系数K的理论和计算[J].工程力学,1988,(3):100～108.Cai Xiaohong.The theories and computation of the rock resistantfactor“K”in circuiar pressure tunnel.Engineering Mechanics,1988,(3):100～108.
[6]蔡晓鸿,蔡勇斌,蔡勇平,等.考虑中间主应力影响的压力隧洞围岩抗力系数通用计算式[J].岩土工程学报,2007,28(7):1004～1008.Cai Xiaohong,Cai Yongbin,Cai Yongping,et al.Calculation ofresistance coefficient of adjoining rock for pressure tunnelsconsidering effect of intermediate principal stress.Chinese Journalof Geotechnical Engineering,2007,28(7):1004～1008.
[7]徐栓强,俞茂宏.考虑中间主应力效应的隧洞岩石抗力系数的计算[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(增1):4303～4305.Xu Shuanqiang,Yu Maohong.Calculation of rock resistant factorin tunnel considering intermediate principal stress efect.ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(S1):4303～4305.
[8]涂忠仁.大跨海底隧道围岩抗力系数理论与试验分析及其设计应用研究[D].上海:同济大学,2006.Tu Zhongren.Theoretical and Experimental Analysis and DesignApplication on Surrounding Rock Resistant Coefficient for Large-span Undersea Tunnel.Shanghai:Tongji University,2006.
[9]涂忠仁.基于统一强度理论的公路隧道围岩抗力系数计算[J].重庆交通学院学报,2006,(1):27～30.Tu Zhongren.Determination of rock resistant coefficient in roadtunnel based on unified strength theory.Journal of ChongqingJiaotong University,2006,(1):27～30.
[10]马青,赵均海,魏雪英.基于统一强度理论的巷道围岩抗力系数研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(11):3393～3398.Ma Qing,Zhao Junhai,Wei Xueying.Investigation of rockresistant coefficient in rocks around tunnel based on unifiedstrength theory.Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(11):3393～3398.
[11]王芝银,李云鹏.地下工程位移反分析方法及程序[M].西安:陕西科学技术出版社,1993,82～87.Wang Zhiyin,Li Yunpeng.Methods and Programs of BackAnalysis of Displacements in Underground Engineering.Xi'an:Shanxi Science and Technology Press,1993,82～87.
[12]杨志法,王思敬,冯紫良,等.岩土工程反分析原理及应用[M].北京:地震出版社,2002,260～261.Yang Zhifa,Wang Sijing,Feng Ziliang,et al.Principle of BackAnalysis and its Application in Geotechnical Engineering.Beijing:Seismological Press,2002,260～261.
[13]刘勇,袁鸿鹄,王芝银,等.浅埋水工隧洞参数反演与安全影响评价[J].工程地质学报,2011,19(6):902～908.Liu Yong,Yuan Honghu,Wang Zhiyin,et al.Parameter backanalysis and safety impact evaluation of shallow hydraulic tunnel.Journal of Engineering Geology,2011,19(6):902～908.
[14]胡新丽,唐辉明,李长冬,等.基于参数反演的保扎滑坡变形破坏机理研究[J].工程地质学报,2011,19(6):795～801.Hu Xinli,Tang Huiming,Li Changdong,et al.Deformationmechanism of baozha landslide with parametric back analysis.Journal of Engineering Geology,2011,19(6):795～801.
[15]聂林,杨涛,马惠民,等.基于滑动机理分析的滑带强度参数反演[J].工程地质学报,2012,20(1):15～20.Nie Lin,Yang Tao,Ma Huimin,et al.Strength parameterinversion for sliding zone from sliding mechanism analysis.Journal of Engineering Geology,2012,20(1):15～20.
[16]北京市水利规划设计研究院,中国石油大学(北京).北京市南水北调配套工程南干渠工程试验段工程松散土层中水工隧洞支护技术与围岩变形规律[R].北京:北京市水利规划设计研究院,2010.Beijing Institute of Water,China University of Petroleum(Beijing).Research on Support Technology and Deformation Lawof Surrounding Rock for Hydraulic Tunnel in Loose Soil of theSouthern Main Canal Project of Beijing Matching Engineering ofSouth-to-North Water Diversion.Beijing:Beijing Institute ofWater,2010.
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