震后钢筋混凝土梁式桥快速鉴定方法
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摘要
针对目前我国桥梁结构震后鉴定普遍采用的专家打分法鉴定程序模糊、结果人为差异性大的缺点,提出一种应用于震后钢筋混凝土梁式桥安全性的快速评估方法。该方法在分析钢筋混凝土梁式桥常见震害的基础上,对地震中桥梁组成构件的破坏程度提出了定量和定性的判断标准。鉴定时首先利用层次分析法确定各构件对整体结构安全性的影响权重,然后利用模糊数学方法对各类构件进行a~d级隶属度分析,得出各类构件的等级矩阵,再将构件权重向量和构件的等级矩阵相乘,进行综合模糊评价,得出结构整体的安全性等级评定结果。通过算例证明,该方法简单易行,层次清晰,鉴定结果较为合理。
In view of the deficiency that the assessment procedures of specialists′ scoring method extensively applied to the current assessment of bridge structures in China after earthquake event are fuzzy and the personal errors of the assessment results are great,a new method for rapid assessment of safety of the reinforced concrete(RC) beam bridges after the earthquake event is proposed.On the basis of analysis of the commonly-seen earthquake damages to the bridges,the method gives the quantitative and qualitative judgment criteria for the damage degrees of components of the bridges.In the practical assessment,the analytical hierarchy process is firstly used to determine the weight of influence of various components on the safety of the whole structure,the fuzzy mathematics is then used to analyze the a~d level membership degrees of each component to acquire the rating matrices of the component and finally the weight vector of the components is multiplied by the rating matrices and the comprehensive fuzzy assessment is made to acquire the assessment results of safety rating of the whole structure.The practical calculation examples prove that the method herewith is simple,feasible,the hierarchy process is cl ear and the assessment results are rational.
In view of the deficiency that the assessment procedures of specialists′ scoring method extensively applied to the current assessment of bridge structures in China after earthquake event are fuzzy and the personal errors of the assessment results are great,a new method for rapid assessment of safety of the reinforced concrete(RC) beam bridges after the earthquake event is proposed.On the basis of analysis of the commonly-seen earthquake damages to the bridges,the method gives the quantitative and qualitative judgment criteria for the damage degrees of components of the bridges.In the practical assessment,the analytical hierarchy process is firstly used to determine the weight of influence of various components on the safety of the whole structure,the fuzzy mathematics is then used to analyze the a~d level membership degrees of each component to acquire the rating matrices of the component and finally the weight vector of the components is multiplied by the rating matrices and the comprehensive fuzzy assessment is made to acquire the assessment results of safety rating of the whole structure.The practical calculation examples prove that the method herewith is simple,feasible,the hierarchy process is cl ear and the assessment results are rational.
引文
[1]庄卫林,刘振宇,蒋劲松.“5.12”汶川地震公路桥梁震害分析及对策研究[J].西南公路,2009,(1):2-11.(ZHUANG Wei-lin,LIU Zhen-yu,JIANG Jin-song.The A-nalysis and Solution Measures of the Highway Bridges in 5.12Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Southwest Highway,2009,(1):2-11.in Chinese)
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[3]孟杰,刘钊.汶川地震中的桥梁落梁震害分析及启示[J].结构工程师,2010,26(2):95-100.(MENG Jie,LIU Zhao.Analysis and Enlightenment of theDown Beam of the Bridges in Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Structural Engineers,2010,26(2):95-100.in Chinese)
[4]丁剑霆,姜淑珍,包峰.唐山地震桥梁震害回顾[J].世界地震工程,2006,22(1):58-61.(DING Jian-ting,JIANG Shu-zhen,BAO Feng.Review ofSeismic Damage to Bridges in Tangshan Earthquake[J].WorldInformation on Earthquake Engineering,2006,22(1):58-61.in Chinese)
[5]GB 50292-1999,民用建筑可靠性鉴定标准[S].(GB 50292-1999,Standard for Appraiser of Reliability of CivilBuildings[S].)
[6]许玖平,吴巍.多属性决策的理论与方法[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006.(XU Jiu-ping,WU Wei.Theory and Methods for MultipleAttribute Decision Making[M].Beijing:Tsinghua UniversityPress,2006.in Chinese)
[7]JGJ 125-99,危险房屋鉴定标准[S].(JGJ 125-99,Standard of Dangerous Building Appraisal[S].)
[8]清华大学,西南交通大学,北京交通大学土木工程结构专家组.汶川地震建筑震害分析[J].建筑结构学报,2008,29(4):1-9.(Technical Team of Civil Engineering Structures of TsinghuaUniversity,Southwest Jiaotong University and Beijing Jiao-tong University.Analysis on Seismic Damage to Buildings inWenchuan Earthquake[J].Journal of Building Structures,2008,29(4):1-9.in Chinese)
[9]李亚东,强士中.震后灾区桥梁初步考察与评估[J].桥梁建设,2009,(5):68-73.(LI Ya-dong,Qiang Shi-zhong.Preliminary Investigation andEvaluation of Bridges in Earthquake-Stricken Areas[J].BridgeConstruction,2009,(5):68-73.in Chinese)
[10]袁一凡.四川汶川8.0级地震损失评估[J].地震工程与工程振动,2008,28(5):10-19.(YUAN Yi-fan.Loss Assessment of M8.0 Wenchuan Earth-quake in Sichuan[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineer-ing Vibration,2008,28(5):10-19.in Chinese)
[2]李鸿晶,陆鸣,温增平,等.汶川地震桥梁震害的特征[J].南京工业大学学报,2009,5(1):24-29.(LI Hong-jing,LU Ming,WEN Zeng-ping,et al.Character-istics of Bridge Damages in Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Journalof Nanjing University of Technology,2009,5(1):24-29.inChinese)
[3]孟杰,刘钊.汶川地震中的桥梁落梁震害分析及启示[J].结构工程师,2010,26(2):95-100.(MENG Jie,LIU Zhao.Analysis and Enlightenment of theDown Beam of the Bridges in Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Structural Engineers,2010,26(2):95-100.in Chinese)
[4]丁剑霆,姜淑珍,包峰.唐山地震桥梁震害回顾[J].世界地震工程,2006,22(1):58-61.(DING Jian-ting,JIANG Shu-zhen,BAO Feng.Review ofSeismic Damage to Bridges in Tangshan Earthquake[J].WorldInformation on Earthquake Engineering,2006,22(1):58-61.in Chinese)
[5]GB 50292-1999,民用建筑可靠性鉴定标准[S].(GB 50292-1999,Standard for Appraiser of Reliability of CivilBuildings[S].)
[6]许玖平,吴巍.多属性决策的理论与方法[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006.(XU Jiu-ping,WU Wei.Theory and Methods for MultipleAttribute Decision Making[M].Beijing:Tsinghua UniversityPress,2006.in Chinese)
[7]JGJ 125-99,危险房屋鉴定标准[S].(JGJ 125-99,Standard of Dangerous Building Appraisal[S].)
[8]清华大学,西南交通大学,北京交通大学土木工程结构专家组.汶川地震建筑震害分析[J].建筑结构学报,2008,29(4):1-9.(Technical Team of Civil Engineering Structures of TsinghuaUniversity,Southwest Jiaotong University and Beijing Jiao-tong University.Analysis on Seismic Damage to Buildings inWenchuan Earthquake[J].Journal of Building Structures,2008,29(4):1-9.in Chinese)
[9]李亚东,强士中.震后灾区桥梁初步考察与评估[J].桥梁建设,2009,(5):68-73.(LI Ya-dong,Qiang Shi-zhong.Preliminary Investigation andEvaluation of Bridges in Earthquake-Stricken Areas[J].BridgeConstruction,2009,(5):68-73.in Chinese)
[10]袁一凡.四川汶川8.0级地震损失评估[J].地震工程与工程振动,2008,28(5):10-19.(YUAN Yi-fan.Loss Assessment of M8.0 Wenchuan Earth-quake in Sichuan[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineer-ing Vibration,2008,28(5):10-19.in Chinese)
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