破碎软岩隧道施工期位移控制值的确定及其应用研究
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摘要
因破碎区软岩隧道特殊的地质环境条件,在施工中建立一个合理的位移控制体系尤为重要。文章以极破碎区姚渡至广元高速公路工程项目(简称广甘路)中的杜家山隧道为依托,结合隧道特点与洞周位移分布规律,确定了针对该工程软岩隧道的位移控制指标;通过对197个位移监测断面变形正常段、发生异常及险情段位移的统计分析,建立以三台阶+预留核心土法的位移控制基准。结果表明:可将隧道埋深与拱顶沉降作为破碎区软岩隧道以三台阶+预留核心土法的位移控制指标(值),其中埋深≤100m时,拱顶下沉极限位移为260mm;埋深100～200m时,拱顶下沉极限位移为340mm,埋深200～300m时,极限位移为400mm。最后通过杜家山隧道160个断面的运用,共计发现险情与异常情形46个,及时进行加固处理,确保施工安全、顺利、高效进行。
Building a reasonable displacement control system of a soft soil tunnel is important during construction in crushing zones due to special hydrogeologic environment.This paper relays on the Dujiashan tunnel in the project of Yaodu to Guangyuan highway,which for short is the Guang-Gan Road,in an extremely crushing zone.Based on displacement control reference of tunnel at home and aboard,and combined with the characteristics and hole cycle displace distribution law of tunnel,displacement control indexes of soft soil tunnel are determined.According to statistics analysis on displacements of normal sections and abnormal sections and dangerous sections of 197 displacement monitoring sections,displacement control reference is built,whose core is three steps and the reserved core soil method.The results show that tunnel depth and vault displacement can be chosen as displacement control indexes.When the depth is less than 100m,the extreme displacement of vault is 260mm,and when depth ranges between 100m and 200m,the extreme displacement is 350mm,while the depth is more than 200m,the extreme displacement is 420mm.Based on the application in 160 sections of the Dujiashan tunnel,46 abnormal and dangerous sections are found.
Building a reasonable displacement control system of a soft soil tunnel is important during construction in crushing zones due to special hydrogeologic environment.This paper relays on the Dujiashan tunnel in the project of Yaodu to Guangyuan highway,which for short is the Guang-Gan Road,in an extremely crushing zone.Based on displacement control reference of tunnel at home and aboard,and combined with the characteristics and hole cycle displace distribution law of tunnel,displacement control indexes of soft soil tunnel are determined.According to statistics analysis on displacements of normal sections and abnormal sections and dangerous sections of 197 displacement monitoring sections,displacement control reference is built,whose core is three steps and the reserved core soil method.The results show that tunnel depth and vault displacement can be chosen as displacement control indexes.When the depth is less than 100m,the extreme displacement of vault is 260mm,and when depth ranges between 100m and 200m,the extreme displacement is 350mm,while the depth is more than 200m,the extreme displacement is 420mm.Based on the application in 160 sections of the Dujiashan tunnel,46 abnormal and dangerous sections are found.
引文
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[2]李永林.二郎山隧道在高地应力条件下大变形破坏机理的研究及治理原则[J].公路,2000,4(12):2-5.[LI Y L.Large deformation and governance principles of the erlang mountain tunnel under the condition of high geostress,the destruction mechanism of[J].Highway,2000,4(12):2-5.(in Chinese)]
[3]李天斌.汶川特大地震中山岭隧道变形破坏特征及影响因素分析[J].工程地质学报,2008,16(6):742-750.[LI T B.Failure characteristics and influenve factor analysis of mountain tunnels at epicenter zons of great wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2008,16(6):742-750.(in Chinese)]
[4]凌瑶,李天斌,孟陆波,等.汶川震后杨家山隧道断层塌方成因及其地质雷达预报研究[J].现代隧道技术,2011,48(6):6-10.[LING Y,LI T B,MENG L B,et al.Research on the Influence of Faults on the Collapse of the Yang Jia-shan Tunnel After the Wenchuan Earthquake and GPR Detection[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2011,48(6):6-10.(in Chinese)]
[5]景诗庭,朱永全,宋玉香.隧道结构可靠度[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2002:89-93.[JING S T,ZHU Y Q,SONG Y X.The structure reliability of tunnel[M].Beijing:China Railway Publishing House,2002:89-93.(in Chinese)]
[6]朱永全,张素敏,景诗庭.铁路隧道初期支护极限位移的意义及确定[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(9):1594-1598.[ZHU Y Q,ZHANG S M,JING S T.Concept and determination of limit displacements of primary support system of railway tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(9):1594-1598.(in Chinese)][
[7]张洋.隧道工程软弱围岩大控制体系研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2006.[ZHANG Y.Research on the Controlling System of Large Deformation in the Soft Rock Tunnel[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2006.(in Chinese)]
[8]申玉生,赵玉光.双连拱隧道水平收敛位移控制基准研究[J].公路隧道,2006(3):1-5.[SHEN Y S,ZHAO Y G.The horizontal convergence displacement control benchmark study of double multiple-arch tunnel[J].Highway Tunnel,2006(3):1-5.(in Chinese)]
[9]张长亮.基于监控量测与数值分析的隧道围岩稳定性判定方法研究[D].重庆:重庆交通大学,2008.[ZHANG C L.Study on the Method for Determination the Tunnel Surrounding Rocks Stability Based on Monitoring Measurements and Numerical Analysis[D].Chongqing:Chongqing Jiaotong University,2006.(in Chinese)]
[10]李晓红,王宏图,贾剑青,等.隧道及地下工程围岩稳定性及可靠性分析的极限位移判别[J].岩土力学,2005,26(6:):850-584.[LI X H,WANG H T,JIA J Q,et al.Ultimate displacement discrimination of stability and reliability analysis of surrounding rocks of tunnel and underground engineering[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(6):850-584.(in Chinese)]
[11]中华人民共和国行业标准.JTG D70—2004公路隧道设计规范[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2004.[Industry Standard of the People’s Republic of China.JTG D70-2004 Highway tunnel design standard[S].Beijing:Renmin Jiaotong Press,2004.(in Chinese)]
[12]中华人民共和国行业标准.JTGF60-2009铁路隧道施工技术规范[S].人民交通出版社,2009.[Industry Standard of the People’s Republic of China.JTG D70-2004 Railway tunnel design standard[S].Beijing:Renmin Jiaotong Press,2009.(in Chinese)]
[13]王明年,路军富,刘大刚,等.大断面海底隧道CRD法绝对位移控制基准建立及应用研究[J].岩土力学,2010,31(10):3354-3360.[WANG M N,LU J F,LIU D G,et al.Study of absolute deformation control criterion and its application for large section subsea tunnel with“CRD”method[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(10):3354-3360.(in Chinese)]
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