输流管道动力有限元建模及实验研究
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摘要
在输流管道系统中由结构-流体相互耦合作用导致的管道振动对工业生产的安全性、经济性具有重要影响。工程中常用有限元中的管单元建立管道动力学模型,用附加质量法或顺序耦合方法进行输流管道系统的动力学分析,这种建模和分析方法可能会造成管道中结构-流体相互耦合效应的缺失。本文搭建了输流管道系统的实验平台,分别在管道无水和充水两种状态下进行管道系统模态实验,并将实验结果分别与所建立的无水管道有限元模型和充水管道流固耦合模型分析结果进行了对比,验证了壳单元及实体单元管道动力学模型的合理性。通过实验和数值分析研究其动力特性发现:壳单元动力学模型更合理准确,管道系统由于流固耦合作用的影响产生了新的振动形态;附加质量法分析结果缺失了系统的某些低阶模态,表明了输流管道系统流固直接耦合动力学建模的必要性。
The fluid-filled pipeline vibration induced by the fluid-structure interaction has an important influence on the safety and economic of industrial production.The pipe element is commonly used for pipeline dynamic modeling in engineering,and its dynamic analysis can be performed with the aid of the addition mass method or sequence coupling approach.But,this modeling and analysis approach could make a loss of the fluid-structure interaction in fluid-filled pipe.In this paper,the pipe experiment system is established and the modal testing of the system is carried out considering two different cases,pipeline without water and filled with water.Also two types of piping system models are established as the without water finite-element model and the fluid-solid coupling finite-element model.By comparison with the experimental results and the two types of piping system models,the shell element and solid element model are validated.The dynamic characteristics are investigated with experiments and numerical analysis.It is found that the shell element pipeline model is more reasonable and more accurate.Piping system produce some new modes due to the influence of fluid-structure interaction,and some low order modes are lost by using the addition mass method,which shows the necessity of the fluid-structure direct coupled dynamic modeling of fluid-filled pipeline.
The fluid-filled pipeline vibration induced by the fluid-structure interaction has an important influence on the safety and economic of industrial production.The pipe element is commonly used for pipeline dynamic modeling in engineering,and its dynamic analysis can be performed with the aid of the addition mass method or sequence coupling approach.But,this modeling and analysis approach could make a loss of the fluid-structure interaction in fluid-filled pipe.In this paper,the pipe experiment system is established and the modal testing of the system is carried out considering two different cases,pipeline without water and filled with water.Also two types of piping system models are established as the without water finite-element model and the fluid-solid coupling finite-element model.By comparison with the experimental results and the two types of piping system models,the shell element and solid element model are validated.The dynamic characteristics are investigated with experiments and numerical analysis.It is found that the shell element pipeline model is more reasonable and more accurate.Piping system produce some new modes due to the influence of fluid-structure interaction,and some low order modes are lost by using the addition mass method,which shows the necessity of the fluid-structure direct coupled dynamic modeling of fluid-filled pipeline.
引文
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[11]王力力,易伟建,何庆锋.考虑剪切变形和转动惯量影响的梁的固有频率计算[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2007,4(5):6-10.(WangLili,Yi Weijian,He Qingfeng.Eigenfrequencies of beams consideringthe effects of shear distortion and rotary inertia[J].Journal of RailwayScience and Engineering,2007,4(5):6-10.(in Chinese))
[2]Olson L G,Jamison D.Application of a general purpose finiteelement method to elastic pipes conveying fluid[J].J Fluids&Structures,1997,11:207-222.
[3]Herrmann J,Maess M.Frequency-dependent damping model for thehydroacoustic finite element analysis of fluid-filled pipes withdiameter changes[J].Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing,2011,25(3):981-990.
[4]Curadelli O,Ambrosini D.Damage detection in elevated sphericalcontainers partially filled with liquid[J].Engineering Structures,2011,33:2708-2715.
[5]王基盛,杨庆山.流体环境中结构附加质量的计算[J].北方交通大学学报,2003,27(1):40-43.(Wang Jisheng,YangQingshan.Calculation on added mass of structures in fluidenvironments[J].Journal of Northern Jiaotong University,2003,27(1):40-43.(in Chinese))
[6]许萍,李著信,高松竹.悬空输油管道的地震动力反应分析[J].管道技术与设备,2006(4):11-15.(Xu Ping,Li Zhuxin,GaoSongzhu.Dynamic response analysis of suspended oil-conveying pipeunder earthquake load[J].Pipeline Technique and Equipment,2006(4):11-15.(in Chinese))
[7]李兵,谢里阳,郭星辉,等.流体对薄壁圆柱管振动频率的影响[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(7):193-195,231.(Li Bing,XieLiyang,Guo Xinghui.Effect of flowing fluid on vibration frequenciesof a thin walled cylindrical tube[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2010,29(7):193-195,231.(in Chinese))
[8]李晨阳,李维嘉,李铁成.流固耦合作用下液压管道声场数值仿真[J].舰船科学技术,2011,33(4):25-29.(Li Chenyang,Li Weijia,Li Tiecheng.Numerical analysis of sound field of hydraulic pipeconsidering fluid-structure interaction[J].Ship Science andTechnology,2011,33(4):25-29.(in Chinese))
[9]王勖成.有限单元法[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003:312-314.(Wang Xucheng.Finite element method[M].Beijing:TsinghuaUniversity Press,2003:312-314.(in Chinese))
[10]杨晓东,唐有绮.Timoshenko模型轴向运动梁的横向振动特性分析[J].机械强度,2008,30(6):903-906.(Yang Xiaodong,TangYouqi.Dynamics of transverse vibrations of axially moving beamfor Timoshenko model[J].Journal of Mechanical Strength,2008,30(6):903-906.(in Chinese))
[11]王力力,易伟建,何庆锋.考虑剪切变形和转动惯量影响的梁的固有频率计算[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2007,4(5):6-10.(WangLili,Yi Weijian,He Qingfeng.Eigenfrequencies of beams consideringthe effects of shear distortion and rotary inertia[J].Journal of RailwayScience and Engineering,2007,4(5):6-10.(in Chinese))
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