基于地应力测试的公路岩爆预测技术研究
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摘要
地应力是由于地质构造形成的岩体内部的应力,其分布异常经常造成隧道施工的岩爆危害。利用常用的水压致裂法,获取了某公路隧道最深处的地应力分布特征,最大水平主应力值σH=15.87MPa、最小水平主应力值σh=11.25 MPa、自重应力值σV=13.50 MPa。在此基础上,利用工程岩体分级标准判别法、Russenes判别法、Turchaninov判别法、Hoek判别法等4种岩爆判别法对其进行了定性或定量评价。各方法均认为该隧道不存在产生岩爆的可能,该地应力条件下隧道施工是安全的。该方法体系可供类似隧道的岩爆评价作为参考。
Geostatic stress is inner stress in rock mass formed by geologic structure,whose unusual distribution often cause rock burst,which does harm to tunnel construction.Innermost geostatic stress distribution feature of the tunnel in a highway is obtained by frequently used method of hydraulic fracturing,whose maximum horizontal principle stress being 15.87MPa,minimum horizontal principle stress being 11.25MPa and gravity stress being 13.50MPa.Based on these,four types of rock burst prediction method such as engineering rock mass classification standard test,Russenestest,Turchaninovtest and Hoek test are respectively used to qualitatively and quantitatively estimate possibility of rock burst happening.All methods draw the same conclusion:no possibility of rock burst in the tunnel.Tunnel construction under current geostatic stress condition is safe.The same estimate method can be used in tunnel with same geologic condition.
Geostatic stress is inner stress in rock mass formed by geologic structure,whose unusual distribution often cause rock burst,which does harm to tunnel construction.Innermost geostatic stress distribution feature of the tunnel in a highway is obtained by frequently used method of hydraulic fracturing,whose maximum horizontal principle stress being 15.87MPa,minimum horizontal principle stress being 11.25MPa and gravity stress being 13.50MPa.Based on these,four types of rock burst prediction method such as engineering rock mass classification standard test,Russenestest,Turchaninovtest and Hoek test are respectively used to qualitatively and quantitatively estimate possibility of rock burst happening.All methods draw the same conclusion:no possibility of rock burst in the tunnel.Tunnel construction under current geostatic stress condition is safe.The same estimate method can be used in tunnel with same geologic condition.
引文
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[3]刘允芳.岩体地应力与工程建设[M].武汉:湖北科学技术出版社,2000.
[4]蔡美峰,乔兰,李华斌.地应力测量原理和技术[M].北京:科学出版社,1995.
[5]李飞,王述红,李正仁,等.地应力水压致裂法测量及其在隧道工程的应用[J].西部探矿工程,2009,(4),178-181.
[6]李方全.水压致裂裂缝的形成和扩展研究[M].地震出版社,1999:82.
[7]李方全,刘鹏,等.云南丽江县团山水库430m深孔水压致裂地应力测量[G]//地壳构造与地壳应力文集.地震出版社,1985:92.
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