山岭隧道洞口震害因素分析与抗震风险模糊综合评价
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摘要
针对山岭隧道洞口抗震风险的随机性与模糊性特点,提出采用模糊综合评价模型对其进行风险评估。通过统计分析汶川地震中山岭隧道洞口段震害资料,总结影响隧道洞口震害的因素,再遴选出主要因素作为模糊综合评价的影响因子。采用层次分析法和隶属函数分别计算隧道洞口段震害各风险因素的相对权重及各风险因素对风险水平的隶属度,将各相关风险因素的权重与风险因素对风险水平的隶属度进行模糊综合运算,得出隧道洞口抗震风险水平。最后采用模糊综合评价法对实际工程进行抗震风险评估。研究结果可供高烈度地震区隧道洞口抗震设计提供参考。
In light of the randomness and fuzzy characteristics of seismic risk of mountain tunnel portals,a fuzzy synthetic evaluation model was put up to study it.Through collecting and analyzing information of seismic damage of the tunnel portals,the major factors were summed up and selected as the impact factors of fuzzy synthetic evaluation.In the model,the risk's weight and the membership degree to the risk level were calculated respectively by the analytic process and trapezoidal membership function.Then the total risk was calculated by fuzzy calculation of the weight and the membership degree.At last,a case was done on in-situ engineering by fuzzy synthetic evaluation.The conclusion can be used as reference for the design of tunnels situated in high-intensity zone.
In light of the randomness and fuzzy characteristics of seismic risk of mountain tunnel portals,a fuzzy synthetic evaluation model was put up to study it.Through collecting and analyzing information of seismic damage of the tunnel portals,the major factors were summed up and selected as the impact factors of fuzzy synthetic evaluation.In the model,the risk's weight and the membership degree to the risk level were calculated respectively by the analytic process and trapezoidal membership function.Then the total risk was calculated by fuzzy calculation of the weight and the membership degree.At last,a case was done on in-situ engineering by fuzzy synthetic evaluation.The conclusion can be used as reference for the design of tunnels situated in high-intensity zone.
引文
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[10]苏永华,邹志鹏,赵明华.基于模糊集重心理论的岩体分类[J].岩土力学,2007,28(6):1118-1122.SU Yong-hua,ZOU Zhi-peng,ZHAO Ming-hua.Rock classification based on theory of barycenter of fuzzy set[J].Chinese Journal of Rock and soil Mechanics.2007,28(6):1118-1122.
[11]WANG Zheng-zheng,GAO Bo,JIANG Yuan-jun,et al.Investigation and assessment on mountain tunnels and geotechnical damage after the Wenchuan earthquake[J].Science in China Series E:Technological Sciences,2009,52(2):546-558.
[12]Wang W L,Wang T T,Su J J,et al.Assessment of damage in mountain tunnels due to the Taiwan Chi-Chi earthquake[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2001,16(1):133-150.
[13]Hashash Y M A,Hook J J.Seismic design and analysis of underground structures[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2001,16:247-293.
[14]洪选华.胶州湾海底隧道典型施工风险评估与研究[D].上海:同济大学,2008:26-27.HONG Xuan-hua.Risk evaluation and research for representative construction risk of a subsea tunnel below the Jiaozhouwan[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2008:26-27.
[15]关宝树.隧道工程设计要点集[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2003:448-471.GUAN Bao-shu.Keypoints of tunnelling design[M].Beijing:Communication Press,2003:448-471.
[16]汪培庄,李洪兴.模糊系统理论与模糊计算机[M].北京:科学出版社,1996:57-68.WANG Pei-zhuang,LI Hong-xing.Theory of fuzzy system and fuzzy computer[M].Beijing:Science Press,1996:57-68.
[17]Karwowski.Applications of approximate reasoning in risk analysis[C]//Applications of Fuzzy Set Theory in Human Factors.New York:Elsevier,1986:1-4.
[18]郭亚军.综合评价理论、方法及应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2008:25-36.GUO Ya-jun.Theory,method and application of synthetic evaluation[M].Beijing:Science Press,2008:25-36.
[2]张广洋.“5.12”汶川大地震与都汶公路隧道震害[C]//汶川大地震与四川公路隧道建设研讨会.成都:四川省公路学会隧道专业委员会,2008:4-8.ZHANG Guang-yang.Seismic damage of Du?Wen highway tunnel in Wenchuan earthquake[C]//Workshop on Sichuan Highway Construction and Wenchuan Earthquake.Chengdu:Sichuan Committee for Highway Tunnel,2008:4-8.
[3]李海清.隧道工程震害处治对策[C]//汶川大地震与四川公路隧道建设研讨会.成都:四川省公路学会隧道专业委员会,2008:12-17.LI Hai-qing.Measures of seismic damage to tunnels[C]//Workshop on Sichuan Highway Construction and Wenchuan Earthquake.Chengdu:Sichuan Committee for Highway Tunnel,2008:12-17.
[4]高波,王峥峥,袁松,等.汶川地震公路隧道震害启示[J].西南交通大学学报,2009,44(3):336-341.GAO Bo,WANG Zheng-zheng,YUAN Song,et al.Lessons learnt from damage of highway tunnels in Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2009,44(3):336-341.
[5]姚浩,周红波,蔡来炳,等.软土地区土压盾构隧道掘进施工风险模糊评估[J].岩土力学,2007,28(8):1753-1756.YAO Hao,ZHOU Hong-bo,CAI Lai-bing,et al.Fuzzy synthetic evaluation on construction risk of EPBS during tunnelling in soft soil area[J].Chinese Journal of Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(8):1753-1756.
[6]王梦恕.厦门海底隧道设计、施工、运营安全风险分析[J].施工技术,2005(增):1-4.WANG Meng-shu.Design,construction and operation safety risk analysis of the Xiamen subsea tunnel[J].Construction Technology,2005(S):1-4.
[7]王燕,黄宏伟,李术才.海底隧道施工风险辨识及其控制[J].地下空间与工程学报,2007,3(7):1261-1264.WANG Yan,HUANG Hong-wei,LI Shu-cai.Risk identification and handling during construction of subsea tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2007,3(7):1261-1264.
[8]苏燕,周健.隧道抗震风险评估初探[J].福州大学学报:自然科学版,2004,32(1):65-68.SU Yan,ZHOU Jian.The assessment of seismic risks of tunnel[J].Journal of Fuzhou University:Natural Science,2004,32(1):65-68.
[9]陈洁金,周峰,阳军生,等.山岭隧道塌方风险模糊层次分析[J].岩土力学,2009,30(8):2365-2370.CHEN Jie-jin,ZHOU Feng,YANG Jun-sheng,et al.Fuzzy analytic hierarchy process for risk evaluation of collapse during construction of mountain tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(8):2365-2370.
[10]苏永华,邹志鹏,赵明华.基于模糊集重心理论的岩体分类[J].岩土力学,2007,28(6):1118-1122.SU Yong-hua,ZOU Zhi-peng,ZHAO Ming-hua.Rock classification based on theory of barycenter of fuzzy set[J].Chinese Journal of Rock and soil Mechanics.2007,28(6):1118-1122.
[11]WANG Zheng-zheng,GAO Bo,JIANG Yuan-jun,et al.Investigation and assessment on mountain tunnels and geotechnical damage after the Wenchuan earthquake[J].Science in China Series E:Technological Sciences,2009,52(2):546-558.
[12]Wang W L,Wang T T,Su J J,et al.Assessment of damage in mountain tunnels due to the Taiwan Chi-Chi earthquake[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2001,16(1):133-150.
[13]Hashash Y M A,Hook J J.Seismic design and analysis of underground structures[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2001,16:247-293.
[14]洪选华.胶州湾海底隧道典型施工风险评估与研究[D].上海:同济大学,2008:26-27.HONG Xuan-hua.Risk evaluation and research for representative construction risk of a subsea tunnel below the Jiaozhouwan[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2008:26-27.
[15]关宝树.隧道工程设计要点集[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2003:448-471.GUAN Bao-shu.Keypoints of tunnelling design[M].Beijing:Communication Press,2003:448-471.
[16]汪培庄,李洪兴.模糊系统理论与模糊计算机[M].北京:科学出版社,1996:57-68.WANG Pei-zhuang,LI Hong-xing.Theory of fuzzy system and fuzzy computer[M].Beijing:Science Press,1996:57-68.
[17]Karwowski.Applications of approximate reasoning in risk analysis[C]//Applications of Fuzzy Set Theory in Human Factors.New York:Elsevier,1986:1-4.
[18]郭亚军.综合评价理论、方法及应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2008:25-36.GUO Ya-jun.Theory,method and application of synthetic evaluation[M].Beijing:Science Press,2008:25-36.
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