斜拉桥桥塔纵桥向振动台试验研究
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摘要
为了解强震作用下我国斜拉桥桥塔的抗震性能以及震害现象,通过调研确定典型斜拉桥原型,对其H型混凝土桥塔进行纵桥向振动台试验研究。基于斜拉桥的动力特点及振型分析方法进行桥塔模型的简化设计、制作和安装,输入不同类型及不同强度的地震波,对桥塔模型进行了振动台试验。结果表明:相比一般的Elcentro波和Chichi地震波,相同加速度峰值地震输入下,场地人工波激起桥塔的地震反应最剧烈,且随着地震动输入的不断加强,桥塔下塔柱、中塔柱靠近下横梁部位先后不同程度地出现了裂缝开展延伸现象,其中塔底向上30 cm区域内损伤较明显,存在多条贯通裂缝,塔底截面最外侧钢筋屈服,模型整体刚度有明显下降趋势,但桥塔抗震性能依然表现良好。
In order to understand the behavior and possible earthquake induced damages of cable-stayed bridges,based on the dynamic characteristics of the bridge,a simplified H shape pylon is designed,constructed and then tested on a shake table subjected to monotonously increased intensities of selected ground motions.Compared with the other two records,the site specific ground motion caused more severe shaking on the pylon model even at the same PGAs,and with the increase intensity of the input,the cracks induced were mainly in horizontal direction,first appearing in the bottom of the pylon,and then in lower column and middle column area near the lower strut.Especially in the area 30 cm above the column bottom,several through cracks appeared and the outmost longitudinal bar yielded,and the integral stiffness of the model tended to decrease,but the pylon model still behaves quite good under a sequence of earthquake excitations.
In order to understand the behavior and possible earthquake induced damages of cable-stayed bridges,based on the dynamic characteristics of the bridge,a simplified H shape pylon is designed,constructed and then tested on a shake table subjected to monotonously increased intensities of selected ground motions.Compared with the other two records,the site specific ground motion caused more severe shaking on the pylon model even at the same PGAs,and with the increase intensity of the input,the cracks induced were mainly in horizontal direction,first appearing in the bottom of the pylon,and then in lower column and middle column area near the lower strut.Especially in the area 30 cm above the column bottom,several through cracks appeared and the outmost longitudinal bar yielded,and the integral stiffness of the model tended to decrease,but the pylon model still behaves quite good under a sequence of earthquake excitations.
引文
[1]叶爱君,胡世德,范立础.超大跨度斜拉桥的地震位移控制[J].土木工程学报,2004,37(12):38-43.
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[6]Endo K,Kawatoh C,Unjoh J.Analytical study on seismic performance evaluation of long-span suspension bridge steel tower[C]//The 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering.Vancouver:[s.n.],2004.
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[8]Camara A,Astiz M A.Pushover analysis for the seismic response prediction of cable stayed bridges under multi-directional ex-citation[J].Engineering Structures,2012,41:444-455.
[9]Arzoumanidis S,Shama A A,Marlow S J,et al.The new Tacoma Narrows suspension bridge:critical issues in seismic analysisand design[C]//Proceedings of the 2005 Structures Congress and the 2005 Forensic Engineering Symposium.New York:ASCE,2005:21-31.
[10]Combault J,Teyssandier J P.The Rion-Antirion Bridge:Concept,Design and Construction[C]//Structures 2005.NewYork:ASCE,2005:149-158.
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[2]Eurode 8:Design provisions for earthquake resistance of structures(draft for development)[S].[S.l.]:[s.n.],1998.
[3]范立础,李建中.CJJ166—2011城市桥梁抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2011.
[4]Chang K C,Mo Y L,Chen C C,et al.Lessons learned from the damaged Chi-Lu cable-stayed bridge[J].Journal of Bridge En-gineering,2004,9(4):343-352.
[5]Okamoto Y,Nakamura S.Static and seismic studies on steel/concrete hybrid towers for multi-span cable-stayed bridges[J].Journal of Constructional Steel Research,2011,67:203-210.
[6]Endo K,Kawatoh C,Unjoh J.Analytical study on seismic performance evaluation of long-span suspension bridge steel tower[C]//The 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering.Vancouver:[s.n.],2004.
[7]Jones M,Treyger S,Pence P.Seismic analysis of the new Tacoma narrows suspension bridge[C]//The 13th World Conferenceon Earthquake Engineering.Vancouver:[s.n.],2004.
[8]Camara A,Astiz M A.Pushover analysis for the seismic response prediction of cable stayed bridges under multi-directional ex-citation[J].Engineering Structures,2012,41:444-455.
[9]Arzoumanidis S,Shama A A,Marlow S J,et al.The new Tacoma Narrows suspension bridge:critical issues in seismic analysisand design[C]//Proceedings of the 2005 Structures Congress and the 2005 Forensic Engineering Symposium.New York:ASCE,2005:21-31.
[10]Combault J,Teyssandier J P.The Rion-Antirion Bridge:Concept,Design and Construction[C]//Structures 2005.NewYork:ASCE,2005:149-158.
[11]Chopra A K.结构动力学:理论及其在抗震工程中的应用[M].3版.北京:清华大学出版社,2009.
[12]李国豪.桥梁结构的稳定与振动[M].2版.北京:中国铁道出版社,2002.
[13]袁万城,闫冬.斜拉桥纵飘频率简化计算方法[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,2005,33(11):1423-1427.
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