地下车站结构内力及邻近土体应力在强震中的响应
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摘要
在正常使用过程中,造成地铁结构破坏的最可能原因是地震。因此,研究地震对地铁结构的作用对其建设和安全运营是非常重要的。作者针对北京地区的地质条件和典型的地铁车站结构进行了振动台试验。在本文中,主要对地铁地下结构振动台试验进行了数值模拟;然后结合振动台试验成果和反应位移法,对数值计算结果进行了分析,得到了以下主要结论:结构侧墙位移沿埋深变化的图形为剪切形,顶底板刚度在其平面内无限大,因此,地下结构可看作沿长度方向由无数个框架组成,框架之间通过顶底板和中楼板加强刚度而共同承担地震荷载;结构侧墙的位移小于其邻近土体的位移,前者仅为后者的1/4左右,两者差值则转变为土体因挤压侧墙而产生的挤密变形,而在反应位移法中,认为土体位移与结构位移相同,致使计算得到的结构内力变大;Kobe波、El Centro波、呼家楼波、北京人工波引起的相对位移峰值和弯矩峰值依次增加。
It is important to study the seismic behavior on subway station for its construction and safe management.The shaking table model test is made to the typical subway station structure in soil with specific concerns to the geological conditions of Beijing.In this article,numerical calculation was made on the shaking table model test;then in combination with the test fruits and the reaction displacement,the calculation results were analyzed.The main conclusions were drawn:the depth-displacement curve of the side wall is shearing form,and the stiffness of the bottom and the top slabs is infinite,so the underground structure may be considered as many frames,which are linked by the bottom and the top slabs and the mid floor;the displacement of the side wall is 4 times larger than that of its adjacent soil,and the difference between them is the compaction deformation of the soil.In the reaction displacement method,it is supposed that the both displacements of the side wall and its adjacent soil are identical,thereby the structure internal force is overmeasured;the relative displacement peak increases orderly by Kobe wave,El Centro wave,Hujialou wave and Beijing manmade wave.
It is important to study the seismic behavior on subway station for its construction and safe management.The shaking table model test is made to the typical subway station structure in soil with specific concerns to the geological conditions of Beijing.In this article,numerical calculation was made on the shaking table model test;then in combination with the test fruits and the reaction displacement,the calculation results were analyzed.The main conclusions were drawn:the depth-displacement curve of the side wall is shearing form,and the stiffness of the bottom and the top slabs is infinite,so the underground structure may be considered as many frames,which are linked by the bottom and the top slabs and the mid floor;the displacement of the side wall is 4 times larger than that of its adjacent soil,and the difference between them is the compaction deformation of the soil.In the reaction displacement method,it is supposed that the both displacements of the side wall and its adjacent soil are identical,thereby the structure internal force is overmeasured;the relative displacement peak increases orderly by Kobe wave,El Centro wave,Hujialou wave and Beijing manmade wave.
引文
[1]高毓才.建设中的北京地铁——地铁复八线[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1999:12-30.
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[4]Koji Uenishi.Mechanical properties of an underground structurewith small overburden subjected to a vertical disturbances[J].Re-port of the research center for urban safety and security,Kobe Uni-versity,2001(6):35-49.
[5]杨林德,杨超,季倩倩,等.地铁车站的振动台试验与地震响应的计算方法[J].同济大学学报,2003,31(10):1135-1140.
[6]Celebi M,Lysmer J,Luco J E.Recommendations for a soil-struc-ture interaction experiment report based on a workshop held at SanFrancisco,California on February 7,1992.
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[8]边金,陶连金,张印涛,等.地下结构抗震设计方法的比较与分析[J].现代隧道技术,2008(6).
[9]陶连金,王沛霖,边金.典型地铁车站结构振动台模拟试验[J].北京工业大学学报,2006(9).
[10]陶连金,王沛霖,边金.浅埋地下结构中柱动力响应研究[J].工业建筑,2007(11).
[2]田鸿宾,张金彪,那允伟.地下世界[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2003:7-21.
[3]Koji Uenishi,Shunsuke Sakurai,Shunsuke Mizoguchi.Wave-in-duced damage to underground structures[J].Report of the researchcenter for urban safety and security,Kobe University,2001(5):49-60.
[4]Koji Uenishi.Mechanical properties of an underground structurewith small overburden subjected to a vertical disturbances[J].Re-port of the research center for urban safety and security,Kobe Uni-versity,2001(6):35-49.
[5]杨林德,杨超,季倩倩,等.地铁车站的振动台试验与地震响应的计算方法[J].同济大学学报,2003,31(10):1135-1140.
[6]Celebi M,Lysmer J,Luco J E.Recommendations for a soil-struc-ture interaction experiment report based on a workshop held at SanFrancisco,California on February 7,1992.
[7]边金,陶连金,张印涛.浅埋地下结构和土层在动荷载作用下的反应分析[J].世界地震工程,2005(4).
[8]边金,陶连金,张印涛,等.地下结构抗震设计方法的比较与分析[J].现代隧道技术,2008(6).
[9]陶连金,王沛霖,边金.典型地铁车站结构振动台模拟试验[J].北京工业大学学报,2006(9).
[10]陶连金,王沛霖,边金.浅埋地下结构中柱动力响应研究[J].工业建筑,2007(11).
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