水下桩墩结构体系的动力模型试验研究
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摘要
为了了解动水效应对桩墩结构体系的影响以及完善桥梁结构的抗震设计方法,进行了水下桩墩结构模型体系的动力试验。从模型设计、试验装置和加载工况3个方面介绍了试验的实施过程。通过观察模型破坏形态和分析试验结果,探讨了动水压力对结构体系动力特性和地震响应的影响并且检验了应用该动力模型试验研究的适用性。试验结果表明:模型在水中的自振频率比无水时有所降低;动水压力的大小与输入的加速度峰值有关并且在相同的峰值加速度下沿模型从上到下依次递增;试验结果满足预期目的,证实了试验方案的有效性。
In order to understand the effect of hydrodynamic pressure and improve the seismic design technology of bridges,the vibration test on a submerged pile-pier system model is conducted.The experimental implementation process is introduced including model design,experimental equipment and loading program.By observing the failure mode of model and analysing the experimental results,the effect of hydrodynamic pressure on dynamic characteristics and seismic responses of structure system is investigated.The applicability of this test is also examined.Test results indicate that the natural frequency without water is always higher than that with water.It is also concluded that the hydrodynamic pressure value is related to the peak acceleration and increases along the height of model.Besides,the experimental results meet the expected requirement,which prove the efficiency of experimental plan.The level of failure tends to serious and the dynamic magnification factors show a decreasing tendency towards the enlarged amplitudes of wave input.
In order to understand the effect of hydrodynamic pressure and improve the seismic design technology of bridges,the vibration test on a submerged pile-pier system model is conducted.The experimental implementation process is introduced including model design,experimental equipment and loading program.By observing the failure mode of model and analysing the experimental results,the effect of hydrodynamic pressure on dynamic characteristics and seismic responses of structure system is investigated.The applicability of this test is also examined.Test results indicate that the natural frequency without water is always higher than that with water.It is also concluded that the hydrodynamic pressure value is related to the peak acceleration and increases along the height of model.Besides,the experimental results meet the expected requirement,which prove the efficiency of experimental plan.The level of failure tends to serious and the dynamic magnification factors show a decreasing tendency towards the enlarged amplitudes of wave input.
引文
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[8]Michael Pollino,Michel Bruneau.Seismic testing of a bridge steel truss pier designed for controlled rocking[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2010,36(12):1523-1532.
[9]Arash E Zaghi,Saiidi M Saiid,Saad El-Azazy.Shake table studies of a concrete bridge pier utilizing pipe-pin two-way hinges[J].Journal ofBridge Engineering,2011,V16(5):587-596.
[10]Palermo A,Pampanin S,Marriott D.Design,modeling,and experimental response of seismic resistant bridge piers with posttensioned dissipatingconnections[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2007,33(11):1648-1561.
[11]赖伟,王君杰,韦晓,等.桥墩地震动水效应的水下振动台试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006,26(6):164-171.LAI Wei,WANG Junjie,WEI Xiao,et al.The shaking table test for submerged bridge pier[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineer-ing Vibration,2006,26(6):164-171.(in Chinse)
[12]Liu H p,Song B,Zhang G M.Study of hydrodynamic pressure on the cylindrical pile-cap pier in deep water subjected to seismic action[C]//IC-CTP 2009:Critical Issues in Transportation Systems Planning,Development,and Management,2009:528-535.
[13]柳春光,贾玲玲.冰激桥墩振动室内模型试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(1):132-136.LIU Chunguang,JIA Lingling.Ice-induced pier vibration model test[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2011,30(1):132-136.(in Chinese)
[14]章关永.桥梁结构试验[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2010.ZHANG Guanyong.Bridge structural testing[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,2010.(in Chinese)
[15]林皋,朱彤,林蓓.结构动力模型试验的相似技巧[J].大连理工大学学报,2000,40(1):1-8.LIN Gao,ZHU Tong,LIN Bei.Similarity technique for dynamic structural model test[J].Journal of Dalian University of Technology,2000,40(1):1-8.(in Chinese)
[16]孙国帅.水-桩-桥墩结构体系的振动台模型试验方案设计[C]//土木工程可持续发展与灾害防治—2011年全国博士生学术论坛,大连理大学出版社,2011,105-105.SUN Guoshuai.Designing the shaking table model test of dynamic interaction of water-pile-pier superstructure[C]//Sustainable Development andDisaster Prevention—2011 National Civil engineering forum of Doctoral Students.Dalian University of Technology Press,2011,105-105.(in Chi-nese)
[2]王东升,郭迅,孙治国,等.汶川大地震公路桥梁震害初步调查[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(3):84-94.WANG Dongsheng,GUO Xun,SUN Zhiguo,et al.Damage to highway bridges during Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineer-ing and Engineering Vibration,2009,29(3):84-94.(in Chinese)
[3]柳春光,齐念.考虑流固耦合作用的深水桥墩地震响应分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2009,29(4):433-437.LIU Chunguang,QI Nian.Seismic response analysis of piers in deep water considering fluid-structure interaction[J].Journal of Disaster Preventionand Mitigation Engineering,2009,29(4):433-437.(in Chinese)
[4]唐亮,凌贤长,徐鹏举,等.可液化场地桥梁群桩-独柱墩结构地震反应振动台试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2009,42(11):102-108.TANG Liang,LING Xianzhang,XU Pengju,et al.Shaking table tests for seismic response of pile-supported bridge structure with single-columnpier in liquefiable ground[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2009,42(11):102-108.(in Chinese)
[5]艾庆华,李宏男,王东升,等.基于位移设计的钢筋混凝土桥墩抗震性能试验研究(Ⅱ):振动台试验[J].地震工程与工程振动,2008,28(3):39-46.AI Qinghua,LI Hongnan,WANG Dongsheng,et al.Experimental evaluation of seismic performance of reinforced concrete bridge piers designed onthe basis of displacement(Ⅱ):Shaking table test[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2008,28(3):39-46.(inChinese)
[6]Chau K T,Shen C Y,Guo X.Nonlinear seismic soil-pile-structure interactions:shaking table tests and FEM analyses[J].Soil Dynamics andEarthquake Engineering,2009(29):300-310.
[7]Junichi Sakai,Shigeki Unjoh.Shake table experiment on circular reinforced concrete bridge column under multidirectional seismic excitation[A].Structural Engineering Research Frontiers,2007,1-12.
[8]Michael Pollino,Michel Bruneau.Seismic testing of a bridge steel truss pier designed for controlled rocking[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2010,36(12):1523-1532.
[9]Arash E Zaghi,Saiidi M Saiid,Saad El-Azazy.Shake table studies of a concrete bridge pier utilizing pipe-pin two-way hinges[J].Journal ofBridge Engineering,2011,V16(5):587-596.
[10]Palermo A,Pampanin S,Marriott D.Design,modeling,and experimental response of seismic resistant bridge piers with posttensioned dissipatingconnections[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2007,33(11):1648-1561.
[11]赖伟,王君杰,韦晓,等.桥墩地震动水效应的水下振动台试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006,26(6):164-171.LAI Wei,WANG Junjie,WEI Xiao,et al.The shaking table test for submerged bridge pier[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineer-ing Vibration,2006,26(6):164-171.(in Chinse)
[12]Liu H p,Song B,Zhang G M.Study of hydrodynamic pressure on the cylindrical pile-cap pier in deep water subjected to seismic action[C]//IC-CTP 2009:Critical Issues in Transportation Systems Planning,Development,and Management,2009:528-535.
[13]柳春光,贾玲玲.冰激桥墩振动室内模型试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(1):132-136.LIU Chunguang,JIA Lingling.Ice-induced pier vibration model test[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2011,30(1):132-136.(in Chinese)
[14]章关永.桥梁结构试验[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2010.ZHANG Guanyong.Bridge structural testing[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,2010.(in Chinese)
[15]林皋,朱彤,林蓓.结构动力模型试验的相似技巧[J].大连理工大学学报,2000,40(1):1-8.LIN Gao,ZHU Tong,LIN Bei.Similarity technique for dynamic structural model test[J].Journal of Dalian University of Technology,2000,40(1):1-8.(in Chinese)
[16]孙国帅.水-桩-桥墩结构体系的振动台模型试验方案设计[C]//土木工程可持续发展与灾害防治—2011年全国博士生学术论坛,大连理大学出版社,2011,105-105.SUN Guoshuai.Designing the shaking table model test of dynamic interaction of water-pile-pier superstructure[C]//Sustainable Development andDisaster Prevention—2011 National Civil engineering forum of Doctoral Students.Dalian University of Technology Press,2011,105-105.(in Chi-nese)
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