下穿隧道爆破对供水站的震动效应及其安全评价研究
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摘要
隧道爆破施工常常引起地面建筑物的振动破坏。为降低爆破振害和保证隧道开挖效率,有必要研究隧道爆破产生的结构震动效应及其评价方法。以渝万铁路双杷树隧道将下穿一座结构简单的既有供水站为研究背景。根据该水站结构和下穿隧道的空间位置关系,用基于等效动荷载的三维动力有限元数值分析方法,分析隧道爆破开挖将引起的水站结构动力响应过程,并评价其振动安全。结果表明,根据结构的重要性、类型,可将水站结构的最大安全振速确定为8 mm/s;水站结构的振动持续时间将约为0.2 s,且顶部的速度峰值约为底部的3倍;隧道若采用常规爆破方法开挖,最大振速将为29.26 mm/s,不能满足要求,应采取控制措施以减少隧道开挖的动力扰动。
Tunnel blasting construction frequently causes damage to ground buildings. For reducing the blasting vibration damage and assuring the tunneling efficiency,it is necessary to study the vibration effect and evaluation method of structure. Future under-traversing an existing water supply structure by Shuangpashu tunnel of railway from Chongqing to Wanzhou was chosen as a study background. Based on space relationship between the water supply structure and the under traversing tunnel,using an equivalent dynamic load-based three-dimension dynamic FEM,dynamic processes caused by tunnel blasting were analyzed,and the structure safety of vibration was evaluated. The study results show that according to the importance and style of structure,the maximum safe vibration velocity for the water supply structure can be 8 mm / s,that duration of structure vibration will be about 0. 2 s,and velocity maximum of the upper part will be3 times as large as that of the lower part,and that if the common blasting excavation of tunnel is adopted,the maximum of vibration will be 29. 26 mm / s,some control method should be considered for decreasing the dynamic disturbance.
Tunnel blasting construction frequently causes damage to ground buildings. For reducing the blasting vibration damage and assuring the tunneling efficiency,it is necessary to study the vibration effect and evaluation method of structure. Future under-traversing an existing water supply structure by Shuangpashu tunnel of railway from Chongqing to Wanzhou was chosen as a study background. Based on space relationship between the water supply structure and the under traversing tunnel,using an equivalent dynamic load-based three-dimension dynamic FEM,dynamic processes caused by tunnel blasting were analyzed,and the structure safety of vibration was evaluated. The study results show that according to the importance and style of structure,the maximum safe vibration velocity for the water supply structure can be 8 mm / s,that duration of structure vibration will be about 0. 2 s,and velocity maximum of the upper part will be3 times as large as that of the lower part,and that if the common blasting excavation of tunnel is adopted,the maximum of vibration will be 29. 26 mm / s,some control method should be considered for decreasing the dynamic disturbance.
引文
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[2]Berta G G.Blasting-induced vibration in tunneling[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,1994,9(2):175-187.
[3]王祥秋,周岳峰,周治国.爆破冲击荷载下隧道振动特性与安全性评价研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2010,20(11):134-138.WANG Xiang-qiu,ZHOU Yue-feng,ZHOU Zhi-guo.Study on vibration property of tunnel under blasting load and its safety assessment[J].China Safety Science Journal,2010,20(11):134-138.
[4]黄明利,孟小伟,谭忠盛,等.浅埋隧道下穿密集房屋爆破减震技术研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2012,8(2):423-427.HUANG Ming-li,MENG Xiao-wei,TAN Zhong-sheng,et al.Research on the blasting shock absorption technology for shallow-buried tunnel under-traversing the dense houses[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2012,8(2):423-427.
[5]张永兴,张远华.隧道爆破开挖条件下地表建筑振动速度响应研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2010,30(6):112-119.ZHANG Yong-xing,ZHANG Yuan-hua.Research on vibration velocity responses of surface building under the condition of blasting excavation in tunnel[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2010,30(6):112-119.
[6]姜德义,侯亚彬,任松,等.城市大跨度隧道爆破对地面建筑物影响的研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2008,18(7):99-104.JIANG De-yi,HOU Ya-bin,REN Song,et al.Study on the influence of urban large-span tunnel blasting on ground buildings[J].China Safety Science Journal,2008,18(7):99-104.
[7]Lysmer J,Wass G.Shear wave in plane infinite structure[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,Proceedings of the ASCE,1972,98(1):85-105.
[8]王明年,潘晓马,张成满,等.邻近隧道爆破振动响应研究[J].岩土力学,2004,25(3):412-414.WANG Ming-nian,PAN Xiao-ma,ZHANG Cheng-man,et al.Study of blasting vibration influence on close-spaced tunnel[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2004,25(3):412-414.
[9]沈秀峰.地铁爆破施工对地表建筑物的微振动影响分析[D].大连:大连交通大学,2012.SHEN Xiu-feng.Micro vibration influence analysis of surface building caused by the subway blasting[D].Dalian:Dalian Jiaotong University,2012.
[10]许红涛,卢文波.几种爆破震动安全判据[J].爆破,2002,19(1):8-10.XU Hong-tao,LU Wen-bo.Advance on safety criteria for blasting vibration[J].Blasting,2002,19(1):8-10.
[11]吴德伦,叶晓明.工程爆破安全振动速度综合研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1997,16(3):266-273.WU De-lun,YE Xiao-ming.A comprehensive review and commendation of blast vibration safety velocity[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1997,16(3):266-273.
[12]余佳力.城市隧道建设对地表建筑物的影响研究[D].武汉:武汉大学,2012.YU Jia-li.Research on influence of the surface buildings by city tunnel construction[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University,2012.
[13]张宪堂,王洪立.边坡开挖中预裂爆破的减震效应分析与应用[J].煤矿爆破,2008,7(1):24-27.ZHANG Xian-tang,WANG Hong-li.Analysis on the effect of shock-absorption in pre-splitting blasting and its application in the slope excavation[J].Coal Mine Blasting,2008,7(1):24-27.
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