枕下减振垫铺设方式对梯式轨道减振性能影响试验研究
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摘要
为探讨梯式轨道枕下减振垫铺设方式对其减振能力的影响,根据实际应用和试验经验,提出了另外两种全新的枕下减振垫铺设方式。第一种铺设方式为扣件正下方铺设460mm×125mm宽减振垫。第二种铺设方式以现有铺设方式(单边铺设5块减振垫,相邻间距1.25m)为基础,在纵向轨枕端部增设460mm×125mm宽减振垫。经过严格的试验设计,共测试了包括原有铺设方式和无枕下减振垫在内的四种工况。根据试验结果,从振动加速度级、插入损失以及Z振级插入损失三个评价指标得出以下结论:1扣件正下方布置枕下减振垫的方式对提高减振效果作用不大,这是因为枕下垫板的间距变小,导致整体轨道结构的参振质量有所减小;2在梯式轨道两个自由端增设枕下减振垫,虽导致梯式轨道支撑刚度有所增加,但增设的垫板限制了自由端的振动,抑制了梯式轨道的端部效应,总体上看反而增加了减振量。所以如果能采取措施限制两个自由端,则可对梯式轨道的减振有所帮助。
In order to study the vibration characteristics of ladder track,two different arrangements of sleeper pads were proposed based on practical applications and test experiences. In the first arrangement,the sleeper pads with the size of460 mm × 125 mm were placed under the fasteners,while in the second arrangement,four sleeper pads with the size of460 mm × 125 mm were added to the end of longitudinal sleeper pads based on the present sleeper pad layout( in which five sleeper pads are placed along one side with spacing as 1. 25m). Four experimental cases with strict design were tested,including the present arrangement of sleeper pads and the arrangement without sleeper pads. Based on three assessment indexes,including the vibration acceleration level,the insertion loss and the insertion loss of Z vibration level,the test results show that: 1 the first arrangement of sleeper pads cannot improve the vibration reduction ability of ladder track effectively,because small spacing of the sleeper pads may decrease the vibration mass; 2 although the supporting stiffness of track may be higher in the second arrangement due to the addition of sleeper pads to two free ends of ladder track,the added sleeper pads restrict the vibration of free ends,so that the end effect of ladder track is supressed and generally the vibration reduction is increased. Consequently,the measure of restricting the two free ends is generally effective in reducing the vibration of ladder track.
In order to study the vibration characteristics of ladder track,two different arrangements of sleeper pads were proposed based on practical applications and test experiences. In the first arrangement,the sleeper pads with the size of460 mm × 125 mm were placed under the fasteners,while in the second arrangement,four sleeper pads with the size of460 mm × 125 mm were added to the end of longitudinal sleeper pads based on the present sleeper pad layout( in which five sleeper pads are placed along one side with spacing as 1. 25m). Four experimental cases with strict design were tested,including the present arrangement of sleeper pads and the arrangement without sleeper pads. Based on three assessment indexes,including the vibration acceleration level,the insertion loss and the insertion loss of Z vibration level,the test results show that: 1 the first arrangement of sleeper pads cannot improve the vibration reduction ability of ladder track effectively,because small spacing of the sleeper pads may decrease the vibration mass; 2 although the supporting stiffness of track may be higher in the second arrangement due to the addition of sleeper pads to two free ends of ladder track,the added sleeper pads restrict the vibration of free ends,so that the end effect of ladder track is supressed and generally the vibration reduction is increased. Consequently,the measure of restricting the two free ends is generally effective in reducing the vibration of ladder track.
引文
[1]杨新文,和振兴.梯形轨枕轨道振动特性研究[J].振动工程学报,2012,25(4):388-393(Yang Xinwen,He Zhenxing.Vibration characteristics of ladder sleeper track[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2012,25(4):388-393(in Chinese))
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[3]金浩,刘维宁.基于蚁群算法梯式轨枕轨道减振优化研究[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2012,43(7):2751-2756(Jin Hao,Liu Weining.Vibration reduction optimization of ladder track based on an ant colony algorithm[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology Edition,2012,43(7):2751-2756(in Chinese))
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[5]邓玉姝,夏禾,善田康雄,等.城市轨道交通梯形轨枕轨道高架桥梁试验研究[J].工程力学,2011,28(3):49-54(Deng Yushu,Xia He,Zenda Yasuo,et al.Experimental study of ladder track on a rail transit elevated bridge[J].Engineering Mechanics,2011,28(3):49-54(in Chinese))
[6]战家旺,夏禾,善田康雄,等.城市轨道交通高架桥梯形轨枕轨道降噪性能试验分析[J].中国铁道科学,2011,32(1):36-40(Zhan Jiawang,Xia He,Zenda Yasuo,et al.Experimental study on the noise reduction performance of the ladder sleeper track on the elevated bridges of urban rail transit[J].China Railway Science,2011,32(1):36-40(in Chinese))
[7]Xia H,Chen J G,Xia C Y,et al.An experimental study of train-induced structural and environmental vibrations of a rail transit elevated bridge with ladder tracks[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part F:Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit,2010,224(3):115-124
[8]Hosking R J,Milinazzo F.Floating ladder track response to a steadily moving load[J].Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences,2007,30(14):1823-1841
[9]金浩,刘维宁,王文斌.梯式轨枕轨道模态试验分析[J].工程力学,2013,30(3):459-463(Jin Hao,Liu Weining,Wang Wenbin.Analysis of modal test of the ladder track[J].Engineering Mechanics,2013,30(3):459-463(in Chinese))
[10]马娜,李成辉.梯形轨枕竖向振动模态分析[J].工程力学,2010,27(5):247-249(Ma Na,Li Chenghui.The vertical vibration modal analysis of the ladder sleeper[J].Engineering Mechanics,2010,27(5):247-249(in Chinese))
[11]李克飞,刘维宁,孙晓静,等.北京地铁5号线高架线减振措施现场测试与分析[J].中国铁道科学,2009,30(4):25-29(Li Kefei,Liu Weining,Sun Xiaojing,et al.In-situ test and analysis on the vibration mitigation measures of the elevated line in Beijing metro line 5[J].China Railway Science,2009,30(4):25-29(in Chinese))
[12]王文斌,刘维宁,马蒙,等.梯形轨道系统动力特性及减振效果试验研究[J].中国铁道科学,2010,31(2):24-28(Wang Wenbin,Liu Weining,Ma Meng,et al.Experimental study on the dynamic characteristics and the vibration mitigation effect of ladder track system[J].China Railway Science,2010,31(2):24-28(in Chinese))
[2]金浩,刘维宁.基于功率流法梯式轨枕轨道减振性能研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2012,32(3):165-170(Jin Hao,Liu Weining.Research on vibration reduction characteristics of the ladder track with power flow method[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2012,32(3):165-170(in Chinese))
[3]金浩,刘维宁.基于蚁群算法梯式轨枕轨道减振优化研究[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2012,43(7):2751-2756(Jin Hao,Liu Weining.Vibration reduction optimization of ladder track based on an ant colony algorithm[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology Edition,2012,43(7):2751-2756(in Chinese))
[4]陈建国,夏禾,姚锦宝.高架轨道交通列车对周围环境振动影响的试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(2):159-163(Chen Jianguo,Xia He,Yao Jinbao.Test for environment vibration induced by trains on viaduct[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2011,30(2):159-163(in Chinese))
[5]邓玉姝,夏禾,善田康雄,等.城市轨道交通梯形轨枕轨道高架桥梁试验研究[J].工程力学,2011,28(3):49-54(Deng Yushu,Xia He,Zenda Yasuo,et al.Experimental study of ladder track on a rail transit elevated bridge[J].Engineering Mechanics,2011,28(3):49-54(in Chinese))
[6]战家旺,夏禾,善田康雄,等.城市轨道交通高架桥梯形轨枕轨道降噪性能试验分析[J].中国铁道科学,2011,32(1):36-40(Zhan Jiawang,Xia He,Zenda Yasuo,et al.Experimental study on the noise reduction performance of the ladder sleeper track on the elevated bridges of urban rail transit[J].China Railway Science,2011,32(1):36-40(in Chinese))
[7]Xia H,Chen J G,Xia C Y,et al.An experimental study of train-induced structural and environmental vibrations of a rail transit elevated bridge with ladder tracks[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part F:Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit,2010,224(3):115-124
[8]Hosking R J,Milinazzo F.Floating ladder track response to a steadily moving load[J].Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences,2007,30(14):1823-1841
[9]金浩,刘维宁,王文斌.梯式轨枕轨道模态试验分析[J].工程力学,2013,30(3):459-463(Jin Hao,Liu Weining,Wang Wenbin.Analysis of modal test of the ladder track[J].Engineering Mechanics,2013,30(3):459-463(in Chinese))
[10]马娜,李成辉.梯形轨枕竖向振动模态分析[J].工程力学,2010,27(5):247-249(Ma Na,Li Chenghui.The vertical vibration modal analysis of the ladder sleeper[J].Engineering Mechanics,2010,27(5):247-249(in Chinese))
[11]李克飞,刘维宁,孙晓静,等.北京地铁5号线高架线减振措施现场测试与分析[J].中国铁道科学,2009,30(4):25-29(Li Kefei,Liu Weining,Sun Xiaojing,et al.In-situ test and analysis on the vibration mitigation measures of the elevated line in Beijing metro line 5[J].China Railway Science,2009,30(4):25-29(in Chinese))
[12]王文斌,刘维宁,马蒙,等.梯形轨道系统动力特性及减振效果试验研究[J].中国铁道科学,2010,31(2):24-28(Wang Wenbin,Liu Weining,Ma Meng,et al.Experimental study on the dynamic characteristics and the vibration mitigation effect of ladder track system[J].China Railway Science,2010,31(2):24-28(in Chinese))
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