能量约束下的高斯射线束法地震波场正演
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摘要
高斯射线束法同时考虑波的运动学和动力学特征,并且无需两点试射追踪,因此运算速度快、精度较高。Zoeppritz方程反映了地层界面上反射波和透射波的能量。本文将高斯射线束正演与Zoeppritz方程联系起来,将高斯射线束正演得到的波场记录赋予能量信息,并利用模型对波动方程、常规射线法和本文方法的计算精度和效率进行了对比,验证了本文方法的可行性和有效性。
Gaussian beam method is an improvement of the traditional ray tracing method in seismic modeling.It simultaneously involves characteristics of both kinematics and dynamics without the trial ray tracing between two points.So it is more efficient and accuracy.However,its energy of wave field is not enough compared with wave equation methods.Zoeppritz's equations can give the conversion information and decide energy distribution about P-and S-waves when reflection and transmission occurs at layer interfaces.By combination of Zoeppritz's equations and Gaussian beam forward modeling,we realize ray beams endowed energy information and achieve a fast and efficient wave field modeling method.Several models are tested with wave equation methods,conventional ray tracing methods and our method.The results show the feasibility and effectiveness of this new method.
Gaussian beam method is an improvement of the traditional ray tracing method in seismic modeling.It simultaneously involves characteristics of both kinematics and dynamics without the trial ray tracing between two points.So it is more efficient and accuracy.However,its energy of wave field is not enough compared with wave equation methods.Zoeppritz's equations can give the conversion information and decide energy distribution about P-and S-waves when reflection and transmission occurs at layer interfaces.By combination of Zoeppritz's equations and Gaussian beam forward modeling,we realize ray beams endowed energy information and achieve a fast and efficient wave field modeling method.Several models are tested with wave equation methods,conventional ray tracing methods and our method.The results show the feasibility and effectiveness of this new method.
引文
[1]Alterman Z,KaralF C Jr.Propagation of elastic wavesin layered media by finite difference methods.Bulle-tin of the Seismological Society of America,1968,58(1):367～398
[2]Kelly K R,Ward R W,Treitel S et al.Synthetic se-imograms:a finite difference approach.Geophysics,1976,41(1):2～27
[3]Virieux J.SH wave propagation in heterogeneous fi-nite-difference method.Geophysics,1984,49(12):1933～1942
[4]Cerveny V.Seismic rays and ray intensities in inho-mogeneous anisotropic media.Geophys J R AstronSoc,1972,29(1):1～13
[5]Chander R.On tracing rays with specified end points.JGeophys,1975,41(2):173～177
[6]Cerveny V,Nolotkov I A and Psencik I.Ray Methodsin Seismology.Praque:Charles University Press,1977
[7]Chander R.On tracing seismic rays with specifiedend points in layers of constant velocity and plane in-terface.Geophys Prosp,1977,25(1):120～124
[8]Cerveny V.Synthetic body wave seismograms for lat-erally varying structures by the Gaussian beam meth-od.Geophys J R Astr Soc,1983,73(3):389～426
[9]吴立明,许云,乌达巴拉.高斯束射线法在二维非均匀介质复杂构造中的应用.地球物理学报,1995,38(增1):144～152Wu Li-ming,Xu Yun and Wuda-bala.Applied studyof Gaussian beam method in 2-D inhomogeneousmedia and laterally varying layered structures.Chi-nese Journal of Geophysics,1995,38(Sup 1):144～152
[10]刘学才,周熙襄,沙椿.三维高斯射线束法合成三分量VSP记录.石油地球物理勘探,1995,30(5):669～680Liu Xue-cai,Zhou Xi-xiang and Sha Chun.Synthesi-zing three-component VSP data by 3-D Gaussian beammethod.OGP,1995,30(5):669～680
[11]张汝杰,贺振华,王理.井间地震高斯射线束正演方法.物探化探计算技术,1997,19(2):128～137Zhang Ru-jie,He Zhen-hua and Wang Li.Forwardmodeling by Gaussian beam method in crosswell seis-mic.Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Ge-ochemical Exploration,1997,19(2):128～137
[12]邓飞,孙祥娥.三维高斯射线束正演的研究与实现.大庆石油地质与开发,2009,28(1):127～130Deng Fei and Sun Xiang-e.Research and realizationof 3-D Gaussian beam forward modeling.PetroleumGeology&Development in Daqing,2009,28(1):127～130
[13]邓飞,刘超颖.三维射线快速追踪及高斯射线束正演.石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(2):158～165Deng Fei and Liu Chao-ying.3-D rapid ray-tracingand Gaussian ray-beam forward simulation.OGP,2009,44(2):158～165
[14]倪长宽.复杂介质地震波场正演模拟方法研究[硕士论文].山东东营:中国石油大学(华东),2008:26～32
[15]孙成禹.地震波理论与方法.山东东营:中国石油大学出版社,2007:63～72
[2]Kelly K R,Ward R W,Treitel S et al.Synthetic se-imograms:a finite difference approach.Geophysics,1976,41(1):2～27
[3]Virieux J.SH wave propagation in heterogeneous fi-nite-difference method.Geophysics,1984,49(12):1933～1942
[4]Cerveny V.Seismic rays and ray intensities in inho-mogeneous anisotropic media.Geophys J R AstronSoc,1972,29(1):1～13
[5]Chander R.On tracing rays with specified end points.JGeophys,1975,41(2):173～177
[6]Cerveny V,Nolotkov I A and Psencik I.Ray Methodsin Seismology.Praque:Charles University Press,1977
[7]Chander R.On tracing seismic rays with specifiedend points in layers of constant velocity and plane in-terface.Geophys Prosp,1977,25(1):120～124
[8]Cerveny V.Synthetic body wave seismograms for lat-erally varying structures by the Gaussian beam meth-od.Geophys J R Astr Soc,1983,73(3):389～426
[9]吴立明,许云,乌达巴拉.高斯束射线法在二维非均匀介质复杂构造中的应用.地球物理学报,1995,38(增1):144～152Wu Li-ming,Xu Yun and Wuda-bala.Applied studyof Gaussian beam method in 2-D inhomogeneousmedia and laterally varying layered structures.Chi-nese Journal of Geophysics,1995,38(Sup 1):144～152
[10]刘学才,周熙襄,沙椿.三维高斯射线束法合成三分量VSP记录.石油地球物理勘探,1995,30(5):669～680Liu Xue-cai,Zhou Xi-xiang and Sha Chun.Synthesi-zing three-component VSP data by 3-D Gaussian beammethod.OGP,1995,30(5):669～680
[11]张汝杰,贺振华,王理.井间地震高斯射线束正演方法.物探化探计算技术,1997,19(2):128～137Zhang Ru-jie,He Zhen-hua and Wang Li.Forwardmodeling by Gaussian beam method in crosswell seis-mic.Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Ge-ochemical Exploration,1997,19(2):128～137
[12]邓飞,孙祥娥.三维高斯射线束正演的研究与实现.大庆石油地质与开发,2009,28(1):127～130Deng Fei and Sun Xiang-e.Research and realizationof 3-D Gaussian beam forward modeling.PetroleumGeology&Development in Daqing,2009,28(1):127～130
[13]邓飞,刘超颖.三维射线快速追踪及高斯射线束正演.石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(2):158～165Deng Fei and Liu Chao-ying.3-D rapid ray-tracingand Gaussian ray-beam forward simulation.OGP,2009,44(2):158～165
[14]倪长宽.复杂介质地震波场正演模拟方法研究[硕士论文].山东东营:中国石油大学(华东),2008:26～32
[15]孙成禹.地震波理论与方法.山东东营:中国石油大学出版社,2007:63～72
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