硬质土层中隧道结构动力离心模型试验
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摘要
进行了硬质土层中隧道结构的地震响应离心模型试验。研究了密实土层中,不同强度地震荷载作用下场地与隧道结构的响应。采用层状剪切箱,研究了边界条件对土体与隧道响应的影响。同时进行了自由场地震响应模拟试验,研究了隧道结构的存在对周围土体地震响应带来的影响。研究结果表明:隧道与地基土的地震响应与地震强度和边界条件密切相关,隧道地震响应特征与静力状态存在明显差异,并且由于隧道的存在对于周围土层的地震响应(加速度、侧向位移、地表沉降等)存在显著影响。
Centrifuge tests are employed to study the dynamic response of tunnels in dense soil.Three sets of earthquake input motions with different intensities are applied.Meanwhile,a laminar box is used to consider different boundary(flexible and rigid) effects during earthquakes.The earthquake response of free field is also simulated.The responses of ground and tunnel are observed and presented.The results indicate that dynamic responses of tunnels are significantly different from those under the static condition,and that the performance of ground and tunnel depends on the intensities of the excitation motions and the physical boundaries of centrifuge model distinctively.The ground responses are different under free field and non-free field conditions,due to the existence of tunnels affecting the ground responses to some extent.
Centrifuge tests are employed to study the dynamic response of tunnels in dense soil.Three sets of earthquake input motions with different intensities are applied.Meanwhile,a laminar box is used to consider different boundary(flexible and rigid) effects during earthquakes.The earthquake response of free field is also simulated.The responses of ground and tunnel are observed and presented.The results indicate that dynamic responses of tunnels are significantly different from those under the static condition,and that the performance of ground and tunnel depends on the intensities of the excitation motions and the physical boundaries of centrifuge model distinctively.The ground responses are different under free field and non-free field conditions,due to the existence of tunnels affecting the ground responses to some extent.
引文
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[12]HEIDARI M,JAMES R G.Centrifuge modeling of earthquake induced liquefaction in a column of sand[C]//Proceedings of the Conference on Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering.Rotterdam:A A Balkema,1982:271–281.
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[14]HUSHMAND B,SCOTT R F,CROUSE C B.Centrifuge liquefaction tests in a laminar box[J].Geotechnique,1988,38(2):253–262.
[15]LEE F H,SCHOFIELD A N.Centrifuge modeling of sand embankment and islands in earthquakes[J].Geotechnique,1988,38(1):48–58.
[16]ZENG Z.Several important issues related to liquefaction study using centrifuge[C]//Proc Int Symp,Physics and Mechanics of Soil Liquefaction.Rotterdam:A A Balkema.1999:283–293.
[2]THOMAS R K.Earthquake design criteria for subways[J].Journal of the Structural Division,ASCE,1969(6):1213–1231.
[3]LIU H B,SONG E X.Seismic response of large underground structures in liquefiable soils subjected to horizontal and vertical earthquake excitations[J].Computers and Geotechnics,2005,32(4):223–244.
[4]LIU H B,SONG E X.Working mechanism of cut off walls in reducing uplift of large underground structures induced by soil liquefaction[J].Computers and Geotechnics,2006,33(4/5):209–221.
[5]WANG J N.Seismic design of tunnels:a-state-of-the-art approach[M].New York:Brinckerhoff,Quade and Douglas Inc,1993.
[6]PENZIEN J,WU C.Stresses in linings of bored tunnels[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1998,27(3):283–300.
[7]PENZIEN J.Seismically-induced racking of tunnel linings[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamic,2000,29:683–691.
[8]HUO H,BOBET A,FERNANDEZ J,et al.Analytical solution for deep rectangular structures subjected to far-field shear stresses[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2006,21(6):613–625.
[9]TOHDA J,ONO Y,AMANO S.Measures to reduce floating of large diameter polyethylene pipes due to liquefaction(dynamic centrifuge model tests)[C]//Proc 33 Japan Annual Conf on Geotechnical Engineering Yamaguchi.1998:2033–2034.
[10]LING H I,MOHRI Y,KAWABATA T,et al.Centrifugal modeling of seismic behavior of large-diameter pipe in liquefiable soil[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2003,129(2):1092–1101.
[11]YANG D,NAESGAARD E,BYRNE P M,et al.Numerical model verification and calibration of george massey tunnel using centrifuge models[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal.2004,41:921–942.
[12]HEIDARI M,JAMES R G.Centrifuge modeling of earthquake induced liquefaction in a column of sand[C]//Proceedings of the Conference on Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering.Rotterdam:A A Balkema,1982:271–281.
[13]ARULANANDAN K,ANANDARAJAH A,ABGHARI A.Centrifuge modeling of soil liquefaction susceptibility[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1983,109(3):281–300.
[14]HUSHMAND B,SCOTT R F,CROUSE C B.Centrifuge liquefaction tests in a laminar box[J].Geotechnique,1988,38(2):253–262.
[15]LEE F H,SCHOFIELD A N.Centrifuge modeling of sand embankment and islands in earthquakes[J].Geotechnique,1988,38(1):48–58.
[16]ZENG Z.Several important issues related to liquefaction study using centrifuge[C]//Proc Int Symp,Physics and Mechanics of Soil Liquefaction.Rotterdam:A A Balkema.1999:283–293.
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