天然气水合物准三维地震勘探电缆动态定位精度研究
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摘要
在我国某海域对天然气水合物研究过程中,使用了单源单缆准三维地震勘探方法,获得了较好的天然气水合物矿体三维成像效果。影响天然气水合物矿体三维成像的因素很多,其中,电缆动态定位精度是最直接的影响因素之一。在大量试验数据的基础上,研究了罗盘对电缆动态定位精度的影响,研究结果与海试资料及国内外资料非常吻合,这对天然气水合物准三维调查具有一定的指导意义。根据该研究结果,在保证一定定位误差的前提下,最终确定了电缆的排列长度为2400 m(192道),获得了较高的动态定位精度。2007年在该海域实施了钻探,国内首次发现了水合物样品。钻探结果与地震资料的吻合证实了准三维地震方法定位精度已达到较高的程度。
During the gas-hydrate investigation on the some China Sea,the method named "single source Single streamer semi-three dimension seismic survey" was used to get a satisfying 3D imaging of gas-hydrate mineral body.There are many factors influence the effect of 3D imaging,and streamer dynamic positioning precision is a most important and direct one.Based on a large amount of test data,the authors discussed the influence of compasses on the streamer dynamic positioning precision.And the results were accorded well with sea test data and domestic and overseas seismic data.This will provide a guiding significance for gas-hydrate semi-three dimension seismic survey.According to the result,and with a certain positioning error,the authors confirmed that a streamer array length of 2 400 meters(192 channels) could achieve higher dynamic positioning precision.From the drilling in this area in 2007,the gas-hydrate sample was first found in China.The accordant result of drilling with the seismic data confirmed that the positioning precision had reached a higher level on semi-three dimension seismic survey.
During the gas-hydrate investigation on the some China Sea,the method named "single source Single streamer semi-three dimension seismic survey" was used to get a satisfying 3D imaging of gas-hydrate mineral body.There are many factors influence the effect of 3D imaging,and streamer dynamic positioning precision is a most important and direct one.Based on a large amount of test data,the authors discussed the influence of compasses on the streamer dynamic positioning precision.And the results were accorded well with sea test data and domestic and overseas seismic data.This will provide a guiding significance for gas-hydrate semi-three dimension seismic survey.According to the result,and with a certain positioning error,the authors confirmed that a streamer array length of 2 400 meters(192 channels) could achieve higher dynamic positioning precision.From the drilling in this area in 2007,the gas-hydrate sample was first found in China.The accordant result of drilling with the seismic data confirmed that the positioning precision had reached a higher level on semi-three dimension seismic survey.
引文
[1]何汉漪.海上高分辨率地震技术及其应用[M].北京:地质出版社,2001.HE Han-yi.High-resolution marine seismic technolo-gy and applications[M].Beijing:Geological PublishingHouse,2001.
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[7]曹占全,杨思勤.多源多缆震源电缆定位传感器配置方法[C]//中海物探研究所.中国海洋石油“三新、三化”优秀论文集.天津:中国石油学会,1999.CAO Zhan-quan,YANG Si-qin.Method of multi-source multi-cable positioning sensor configuration[C]//Geophysical Institute of the sea.China NationalOffshore Oil“three new,three changes”of excellentessays.Tianjin:Chinese Petroleum Society,1999.
[8]高祁,刘玉班,刘峰,等.勘探监督手册:物探分册[M].修订版.北京:石油工业出版社,2002.GAO Qi,LIU Yu-ban,LIU Feng,et al.Handbook ofgeophysical exploration supervision fascicle[M].re-vised edition.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2002.
[9]阎增芳,周冀康,王照华,等.石油、天然气地震勘查技术规范[S]//中华人民共和国地质矿产部.DZ/T 0180-1997.中华人民共和国地质矿产行业标准.北京:中国标准出版社,1997:1-8.YAN Zeng-fang,ZHOU Ji-kang,WANG Zhao-hua,etal.Oil and gas seismic survey technical specifications[S]//Ministry of Geology and Minerals,Peoples Re-public of China.DZ/T 0180-1997.The People’s Re-public of China geology and mineral resources industrystandard.Beijing:Standards Press of China,1997:1-8.
[10]Um J,Thurber C H.A fast algorithm for two-pointseismic tracing[J].Bull Seis Soc Am,2002,77:972-986.
[11]Yan P,Zhou D,Liu Z.A crustal structure profileacross the northern continental margin of the SouthChina Sea[J].Tectonophysics,2004,338:1-21.
[12]曾宝宏.多源多缆深海三维地震勘探技术[C]//中国海洋石油南海东部公司勘探开发部.中国海洋石油“三新、三化”优秀论文集.天津:中国石油学会,1997:71-75.ZENG Bao-hong.Multi-source multi-cable deep seathree-dimensional seismic exploration technology[C]//Exploration and Development Departments ofChina National Offshore Oil Eastern Company of theSouth Sea in China.China National Offshore Oil“three new,three changes”of excellent essays.Tian-jin:Chinese Petroleum Society,1997:71-75.
[13]Cordsen A.Narrow-versus wide-azimuth land 3Dseismic surveys[J].The Leading Edge,2002,21(8):764-770.
[14]Clayton R W,McMechan G A.Inversion of refrac-tion data by wave field continuation[J].Geophysics,2005,46(6):860-868.
[15]Cerveny V,Molotkov I A,Psencik I.Ray method inseismology[R].Prague:University of Karlova,2003.
[2]张光学,黄永样,陈邦彦.海域天然气水合物地震学[M].北京:海洋出版社,2003.ZHANG Guang-xue,HUANG Yong-yang,CHENBang-yan.Ocean gas hydrate seismic identificationtechnology[M].Beijing:China Ocean Press,2003.
[3]张光学.《天然气水合物地震识别技术》课题研究报告[R].广州:广州海洋地质调查局,2005.ZHANG Guang-xue.“Gas Hydrate Seismic Identifi-cation Technology”research report[R].Guangzhou:Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey,2005.
[4]凌云,吴琳,陈波,等.宽/窄方位角勘探实例分析与评价(二)[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(4):423-427.LING Yun,WU Lin,CHEN Bo,et al.Wide/narrowazimuth for exploration examples of analysis and evalu-ation(2)[J].Oil Geophysical Exploration,2005,40(4):423-427.
[5]郝钧.三维地震勘探技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1992.HAO Jun.Three-dimensional seismic explorationtechnology[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1992.
[6]张光学,耿建华,刘学伟.天然气水合物地震识别技术[R].广州:广州海洋地质调查局,2005:1-3.ZHANG Guang-xue,GENG Jian-hua,LIU Xue-wei.Natural gas hydrate seismic identification technology[R].Guangzhou:Guangzhou Marine Geological Sur-vey,2005:1-3.
[7]曹占全,杨思勤.多源多缆震源电缆定位传感器配置方法[C]//中海物探研究所.中国海洋石油“三新、三化”优秀论文集.天津:中国石油学会,1999.CAO Zhan-quan,YANG Si-qin.Method of multi-source multi-cable positioning sensor configuration[C]//Geophysical Institute of the sea.China NationalOffshore Oil“three new,three changes”of excellentessays.Tianjin:Chinese Petroleum Society,1999.
[8]高祁,刘玉班,刘峰,等.勘探监督手册:物探分册[M].修订版.北京:石油工业出版社,2002.GAO Qi,LIU Yu-ban,LIU Feng,et al.Handbook ofgeophysical exploration supervision fascicle[M].re-vised edition.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2002.
[9]阎增芳,周冀康,王照华,等.石油、天然气地震勘查技术规范[S]//中华人民共和国地质矿产部.DZ/T 0180-1997.中华人民共和国地质矿产行业标准.北京:中国标准出版社,1997:1-8.YAN Zeng-fang,ZHOU Ji-kang,WANG Zhao-hua,etal.Oil and gas seismic survey technical specifications[S]//Ministry of Geology and Minerals,Peoples Re-public of China.DZ/T 0180-1997.The People’s Re-public of China geology and mineral resources industrystandard.Beijing:Standards Press of China,1997:1-8.
[10]Um J,Thurber C H.A fast algorithm for two-pointseismic tracing[J].Bull Seis Soc Am,2002,77:972-986.
[11]Yan P,Zhou D,Liu Z.A crustal structure profileacross the northern continental margin of the SouthChina Sea[J].Tectonophysics,2004,338:1-21.
[12]曾宝宏.多源多缆深海三维地震勘探技术[C]//中国海洋石油南海东部公司勘探开发部.中国海洋石油“三新、三化”优秀论文集.天津:中国石油学会,1997:71-75.ZENG Bao-hong.Multi-source multi-cable deep seathree-dimensional seismic exploration technology[C]//Exploration and Development Departments ofChina National Offshore Oil Eastern Company of theSouth Sea in China.China National Offshore Oil“three new,three changes”of excellent essays.Tian-jin:Chinese Petroleum Society,1997:71-75.
[13]Cordsen A.Narrow-versus wide-azimuth land 3Dseismic surveys[J].The Leading Edge,2002,21(8):764-770.
[14]Clayton R W,McMechan G A.Inversion of refrac-tion data by wave field continuation[J].Geophysics,2005,46(6):860-868.
[15]Cerveny V,Molotkov I A,Psencik I.Ray method inseismology[R].Prague:University of Karlova,2003.
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