穿越断裂带线路地表变形震害模式分析与定线策略
|
摘要
铁路选线设计是从源头上减轻地震灾害的根本对策。首先针对以曲线线形穿越断裂带的情况,基于破裂面错动位移、线路转向角和破裂面与线路错动一侧的夹角,导出了为减轻地震大地形变震害的线路平面预留变形量计算公式;在线路转向角不可选择的情况下,可直接运用该公式计算预留变形量;在线路转向角可选择的情况下,推导了能使废弃工程量最小的转向角最佳取值方法。然后针对以直线线形穿越断裂带的情况,分析了按原有设计标准,按困难条件下的设计标准的重建工程量,并提出了以降低速度为代价的便线修复方案,以作为减灾方案比选的参考。最后对修复线路设计时纵断面和横断面设计的注意事项进行了讨论。
Railway location is one of the fundamental measures to reduce earthquake disaster.For a railway curve passing through the fault zone,a calculation formula for plane reserved deformation of the line is deduced based on rupture surface dislocation displacement,turning angle of the line and the included angle between rupture surface and the line of the dislocation side.When the turning angle of the line can not be choiced,the formula can be directly applied to calculate the reserved deformation;when the turning angle of the line can be choiced,the best value for the turning angle to reduce the waste quantities is deduced.For a straight line acrossing the fault zone,this paper analyses the reconstruction amount according to the original design under difficult conditions and puts forward a line modification program at the cost of reducing train speed as a basis for comparison and selection of mitigation options.In the end,the paper discusses the precautions in longitudinal section and cross-sectional design for the reconstruction design.
Railway location is one of the fundamental measures to reduce earthquake disaster.For a railway curve passing through the fault zone,a calculation formula for plane reserved deformation of the line is deduced based on rupture surface dislocation displacement,turning angle of the line and the included angle between rupture surface and the line of the dislocation side.When the turning angle of the line can not be choiced,the formula can be directly applied to calculate the reserved deformation;when the turning angle of the line can be choiced,the best value for the turning angle to reduce the waste quantities is deduced.For a straight line acrossing the fault zone,this paper analyses the reconstruction amount according to the original design under difficult conditions and puts forward a line modification program at the cost of reducing train speed as a basis for comparison and selection of mitigation options.In the end,the paper discusses the precautions in longitudinal section and cross-sectional design for the reconstruction design.
引文
[1]徐锡伟.5.12汶川8.0级地震地表破裂图集[M].北京:地震出版社,2009.
[2]国家重大科学工程“中国地壳运动观测网络”项目组.GPS测定的2008年汶川Ms8.0级地震的同震位移场[J].中国科学D辑:地球科学,2008,38(10):1195-206.
[3]姚令侃,陈强.5.12汶川地震对线路工程抗震技术提出的新课题[J].四川大学学报,2009,41(3):43-50.
[4]杨章,戈澍谟.中国富蕴地震断裂带的研究[J].国际地震动态,1982(9):17-18.
[5]冉勇康,史翔,王虎,等.汶川MS8地震最大地表同震垂直位移量及其地表变形样式[J].科学通报,2010,55(2):154-162.
[6]Okada Y.Surface Deformation Due To Shear and Tensile Faults in aHalf-Space[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1985,75(4):1135-1154.
[7]Okada Y.Internal Deformation Due To Shear and Tensile Faults in aHalf-Space[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1992,82(2):1018-1040.
[8]Weertman J.Relationship between Displacements on a Free Surfaceand the Stress on a Fault[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society ofAmerica,1965,55(6):945-953.
[9]Bonilla M G,R.K.Mark and J.J.Lienkaemper.Statistical Rela-tions among Earthquake Magnitude,Surface Rupture Length,andSurface Fault Displacement,1984,74(6):2379-2411.
[10]邓起东,于贵华,叶文华.地震地表破裂参数与震级关系的研究.活动断裂研究(2)[M].北京:地震出版社,1992:247-264.
[11]Lee V W,Trifunac M D,Todorovska M I,et al.Empiricalequations describing attenuation of the peaks of strong groundmotion,in terms of magnitude,distance,path effects and site condi-tions.Report No.95-02,Department of Civil Engineering,Univer-sity of Southern California,Los Angeles,1995.
[12]Wells D L,K.J.Coppersmith.New Empirical Relationships amongMagnitude,Rupture Length,Rupture Width,Rupture Area,andSurface Displacement.Bulletin of the Seismological Society of Amer-ica,1994,84(4):974-1002.
[13]铁道科学研究院,铁建设函[2005]285号新建时速200公里客货共线铁路设计暂行规定[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2005.
[14]中华人民共和国铁道部,GB 50090—2006铁路线路设计规范[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2006.
[15]王兆祥.铁道工程测量[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2004.
[16]陈胜友.铁路抢险便线平面计算[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2008:13-16,3-5,69-70,6.
[2]国家重大科学工程“中国地壳运动观测网络”项目组.GPS测定的2008年汶川Ms8.0级地震的同震位移场[J].中国科学D辑:地球科学,2008,38(10):1195-206.
[3]姚令侃,陈强.5.12汶川地震对线路工程抗震技术提出的新课题[J].四川大学学报,2009,41(3):43-50.
[4]杨章,戈澍谟.中国富蕴地震断裂带的研究[J].国际地震动态,1982(9):17-18.
[5]冉勇康,史翔,王虎,等.汶川MS8地震最大地表同震垂直位移量及其地表变形样式[J].科学通报,2010,55(2):154-162.
[6]Okada Y.Surface Deformation Due To Shear and Tensile Faults in aHalf-Space[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1985,75(4):1135-1154.
[7]Okada Y.Internal Deformation Due To Shear and Tensile Faults in aHalf-Space[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1992,82(2):1018-1040.
[8]Weertman J.Relationship between Displacements on a Free Surfaceand the Stress on a Fault[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society ofAmerica,1965,55(6):945-953.
[9]Bonilla M G,R.K.Mark and J.J.Lienkaemper.Statistical Rela-tions among Earthquake Magnitude,Surface Rupture Length,andSurface Fault Displacement,1984,74(6):2379-2411.
[10]邓起东,于贵华,叶文华.地震地表破裂参数与震级关系的研究.活动断裂研究(2)[M].北京:地震出版社,1992:247-264.
[11]Lee V W,Trifunac M D,Todorovska M I,et al.Empiricalequations describing attenuation of the peaks of strong groundmotion,in terms of magnitude,distance,path effects and site condi-tions.Report No.95-02,Department of Civil Engineering,Univer-sity of Southern California,Los Angeles,1995.
[12]Wells D L,K.J.Coppersmith.New Empirical Relationships amongMagnitude,Rupture Length,Rupture Width,Rupture Area,andSurface Displacement.Bulletin of the Seismological Society of Amer-ica,1994,84(4):974-1002.
[13]铁道科学研究院,铁建设函[2005]285号新建时速200公里客货共线铁路设计暂行规定[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2005.
[14]中华人民共和国铁道部,GB 50090—2006铁路线路设计规范[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2006.
[15]王兆祥.铁道工程测量[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2004.
[16]陈胜友.铁路抢险便线平面计算[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2008:13-16,3-5,69-70,6.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心