高烈度区浸水高填石路堤稳定性的小型振动台试验
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摘要
为充分利用石质弃渣,填石路堤已经成为山区高等级公路较普遍的路堤形式。汶川地震以后,我国已处于地震活跃期,因此在高烈度区内修建高速公路,进行地震作用下稳定性研究的意义是显而易见的。小型振动台试验虽然受承载能力和台面尺寸的限制有诸多弊端,但所需经费少,可进行重复实验,其实验结果对工程实践有一定的借鉴作用,更是大型振动台试验积累经验所不可缺少的。作者对研究尚不成熟的填石路堤进行小型振动台试验,研究其在地震作用下的稳定性情况。涉及的雅泸高速公路填石路堤工程位于水库水位变动带内,实验发现水在地震过程中起着重要的作用。在无水条件下,地震导致的边坡破坏最先发生在边坡内侧,随着振动的持续,边坡外侧也将发展成破坏区;在水位上升后,地震导致的边坡破坏最先发生在边坡外侧,由振动产生的水浪对边坡的冲刷、淘蚀作用非常强烈。
Rock-filled embankment has become a general type of road embankment so that these rock tunnel spoil can be used.It is obviously necessary to carry on a study of highway embankment stability in earthquake prone areas,because it is the new period of seismic activity since Wenchuang earthquake in China.The experiment of small-sized shaking table has some drawbacks because of its size and load-bearing capacity,but it is not expensive and can be repeated.Its outcome is the premise conditions of large-size shaking table and referential experience of engineering practice.The paper presented a small-sized shaking table experiment of rock-filled embankment and the purpose of this experiment is attention to stability in seism.The rock-filled embankment located in stage fluctuation zone of reservoir.The experiment confirmed that water was a critical factor during the highway embankment failure.The inside embankment slope is failure at first before the water level is raised and the outside slope will be failure with the development of shaking.However,the outside slope is failure at first in the condition of high water level.There are strong scouring and undercutting effects during shaking.
Rock-filled embankment has become a general type of road embankment so that these rock tunnel spoil can be used.It is obviously necessary to carry on a study of highway embankment stability in earthquake prone areas,because it is the new period of seismic activity since Wenchuang earthquake in China.The experiment of small-sized shaking table has some drawbacks because of its size and load-bearing capacity,but it is not expensive and can be repeated.Its outcome is the premise conditions of large-size shaking table and referential experience of engineering practice.The paper presented a small-sized shaking table experiment of rock-filled embankment and the purpose of this experiment is attention to stability in seism.The rock-filled embankment located in stage fluctuation zone of reservoir.The experiment confirmed that water was a critical factor during the highway embankment failure.The inside embankment slope is failure at first before the water level is raised and the outside slope will be failure with the development of shaking.However,the outside slope is failure at first in the condition of high water level.There are strong scouring and undercutting effects during shaking.
引文
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[3]王燕华,程文瀼,陆飞,等.地震模拟振动的发展[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2007,29(5):53-56.WANG Yan-hua,CHENG Wen-rang,LU Fei,et al.Development of the shaking table[J].EarthquakeResistant Engineering and Retrofitting,2007,29(5):53-56.
[4]邱法维,钱稼茹,陈志鹏.结构抗震实验方法[M].北京:科学出版社,1999:2-7.QIU Fa-wei,QIAN Jia-ru,CHEN Zhi-peng.Experiment methods of antiseismic construction[M].Beijing:Science Press,1999:2-7.
[5]陈华卫.成南高速公路粗粒土路基填筑试验研究[J].交通科技,2005(2):23-25.CHEN Hua-wei.Research on the test filling theroadbed with coarse soil in Chengdu-Nanchong freeway[J].Transportation Science&Technology,2005(2):23-25.
[6]简阐微,刘少军,毛源,等.用平板加载试验评定毛石料回填碾压质量及其在核电站建设中的应用[J].岩土力学,1998,9(3):29-40.JIAN Chan-wei,LIU Shao-jun,MAO Yuan,et al.Estimation of quality of gravel backfill rolling-compacting with plate-loading tests and its applicationto construction of nuclear power station[J].Rock andSoil Mechanics,1998,9(3):29-40.
[7]冯居忠,李玮,刘远征.高等级公路填石路基压实试验研究[J].河南交通科技,2000,20(3):31-32.FENG Ju-zhong,LI Wei,LIU Yuan-zheng.Study onthe densification test of filling stone roadbed on higherhighway[J].Science and Technology of HenanCommunication,2000,20(3):31-32.
[8]Stephenson R J.Relative density tests on rock fill atcarters dam,evaluation of relative density and its rolein geotechnical projects involving cohensionless soils[C]//ASTM STP 523,American Society for Testingand Materiols.Baltimore:ASTM International,1973:234-247.DOI:10.1520/STP37876S.
[9]刘萌成,高玉峰,刘汉龙,等.堆石料变形与强度特性的大型三轴试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(7):1102-1111.LIU Meng-cheng,GAO Yu-feng,LIU Han-long,etal.Large-scale triaxial test study on deformation andstrength characteristics of rockfill materials[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(7):1102-1111.
[10]谢婉丽,王家鼎,张林洪.土石粗粒料的强度和变形特性的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(3):430-437.XIE Wan-li,WANG Jia-ding,ZHANG Lin-hong.Testing study on characteristics of strength anddeformation for coarse materials[J].Chinese Journalof Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(3):430-437.
[11]交通部公路科学研究院.JTG E40.2007公路土工实验规程[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2007.Research Institute of Highway Ministry ofTransport.JTG E40.2007 Geotechnical experimentrules[S].Beijing:China Communications Press,2007.
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