桥梁抗震挡块研究进展
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摘要
汶川大地震中,大量公路桥梁遭到严重破坏,其中横向抗震挡块的破坏普遍严重。针对桥梁抗震挡块破坏的严重性,归纳了其破坏特征,并提出了应关注的问题;基于我国抗震设计规范对其规定的欠缺,介绍了国外抗震设计规范对挡块的设计要求,并建议国内规范加强相关内容的增订;对现有延性减震挡块的设计方法进行了介绍,以促进延性减震挡块在国内的研究和应用。
Many highway bridges were destroyed in the Wenchuan earthquake,and many lateral seismic shear keys extensively suffered severe damage.In view of the severity of the seismic shear keys’destruction,main damage characteristics of the seismic shear keys were summarized,and some concerned issues were proposed.Based on the shortage of present seismic design code in China,the seismic design requirement of shear keys in several overseas seismic bridge specifications were introduced,and it is proposed to prompt the revision and enlargement of current design methods for seismic shear keys.Several ductile seismic shear keys were present in order to promote research and application of ductile seismic shear keys in China.
Many highway bridges were destroyed in the Wenchuan earthquake,and many lateral seismic shear keys extensively suffered severe damage.In view of the severity of the seismic shear keys’destruction,main damage characteristics of the seismic shear keys were summarized,and some concerned issues were proposed.Based on the shortage of present seismic design code in China,the seismic design requirement of shear keys in several overseas seismic bridge specifications were introduced,and it is proposed to prompt the revision and enlargement of current design methods for seismic shear keys.Several ductile seismic shear keys were present in order to promote research and application of ductile seismic shear keys in China.
引文
[1]American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.AASHTO Guide Specifications for LRFD Seismic Bridge Design[S].Wash-ington,DC,USA:AASHTO,2009.
[2]CHEN W F,DUAN L.Bridge Engineering Seismic Design[M].New York:CRC Press,2003.
[3]HUEI YEN.Lessons learned about bridges from earthquake in Taiwan[J].Public Roads,2002,65(4):20-23.
[4]JONSSON M H,BESSASON B,HAFLIDASON E.Earthquake response of a base-isolated bridge subjected to strong near-fault ground motion[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2010(30):447-455.
[5]熊文林,蔡向阳.汶川大地震棉广高速桥梁震害分析[J].华中科技大学学报:城市科学版,2009,26(1):119-122.XIONG Wen1in,CAI Xiangyang.Damage analysis of mianguang highway bridges in Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of HUST:Urban ScienceEdition,2009,26(1):119-122.
[6]庄卫林,刘振宇,蒋劲松.汶川大地震公路桥梁震害分析及对策[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(7):1377-1387.ZHUANG Weilin,lIU Zhenyu,JIANG Jinsong.Earthquake-induced damage analysis of highway bridges in wenchuan earthquake and counter-measures[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(7):1377-1387.
[7]王克海,孙永红,韦韩,等.汶川地震后对我国结构工程抗震的几点思考[J].公路交通科技,2008,21(11):54-59.WANG Kehai,SUN Yonghong,WEI Han,LI Qian,et al.Comments on seismic strengthening for structural engineering in china after wenchuanearthquakes[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2008,21(11):54-59.
[8]陆鸣,温增平,罗韧.汶川地震桥梁震害的特征[J].南京工业大学学报,2009,31(1):25-29.LI Hongjing,LU Ming,WEN Zengping.Characteristics of bridge damages in Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Nanjing University of Technol-ogy,2009,31(1):25-29.
[9]LI Jianzhong,PENG Tianbo,XU Yan.Damage investigation of girder damage bridges under the Wenchuan earthquake and corresponding seismicdesign recommendations[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration.2008,7(4):337-344.
[10]孙治国,王东升,郭迅,等.汶川大地震绵竹市回澜立交桥震害调查[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(4):132-138SUN Zhiguo,WANG Dongsheng,GUO Xun,et al.Damage investigation of Huilan Interchange in Mianzhu after Wenchuan earthquake[J].Jour-nal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2009,29(4):132-138
[11]王东升,郭迅,孙治国.汶川大地震公路桥梁震害初步调查[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(3):84-94.WANG Dongsheng,GUO Xun,SUN Zhiguo,et al.Damage to highway bridges during Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Journal of Earthquake Engi-neering and Engineering Vibration,2009,29(3):84-94.
[12]孟杰,刘钊.汶川地震中的桥梁落梁震害分析及启示[J].结构工程师,2010,26(2):95-100.MENG Jie,LIU Zhao.Causation analysis and enlightenment on bridge unseating in the great Wenchuan earthquake[J].Structural Engineers,2010,26(2):95-100.
[13]李乔,赵世春.汶川大地震工程震害分析[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,2009.LI Qiao,Zhao Shichun.Analysis of seismic damage of engineering structures in Wenchuan earthquake[M].Chengdu Press of SWJTU,2009.
[14]HAN QIANG,DU XIULI,LIU JINBO.Seismic damage of highway bridges during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake[J].Earthquake Engineeringand Engineering Vibration.2009,8(2):263-273.
[15]刘健新,赵国辉.“5.12”汶川地震典型桥梁震害分析[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2009,26(2):92-97.LIU Jianxin,ZHAO Guohui.Typical bridge damage analysis in“5.12’’wenchuan earthquake[J].Journa10f Architecture and Civil Engineer-ing,2009,26(2):92-97.
[16]周国良,崔成臣,刘必灯,等.汶川8.0级地震中几座近断层桥梁失效模式的初步探讨[J].震灾防御技术,2008,3(4):370-378.ZHOU Guoliang,CUI Chengchen,LIU Bideng,et al.Failure modes of near-fault bridges in Wenchuan earthquake[J].Technology for Earth-quake Disaster Prevention,2008,3(4):370-378.
[17]石岩.地震作用下简支梁桥横向碰撞反应分析[D].石家庄:石家庄铁道大学,2011.SHI Yan.Analysis of pounding on seismic responses of simply-supported girder bridges under transverse earthquake[D].Shijiazhuang:SJZTiedao University
[18]殷鹏程,叶爱君.从中美规范比较探讨桥梁结构抗震体系[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2009,31(3):1-8.YIN Pengcheng,YE Aijun.Discussion on bridge earthquake resistance system from comparison work on the codes of China and America[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting,2009,31(3):1-8.
[19]Division of structures of CALTRANS.Seismic Design Criteria:v1.4[S].California:CALTRANS,2006.
[20]贡金鑫,张勤,王雪婷.从汶川地震中桥梁震害看现行国内外桥梁抗震设计方法(二)[J].公路交通科技,2010,27(10):35-46.GONG Jinxin,ZHANG Qin,WANG Xueting.Comparative study on b ridge seism in design approaches in different specifications based on surveyof disaster in Wenchuan earthquake(1)[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2010,27(10):35-46.
[21]MEGALLY S H,SILVA P F,SEIBLE F.Seismic response of sacrificial shear keys in bridge abutments[R].San Diego:Department of structuralengineering university of Califorina,2002.
[22]SILVA P E,MEGALLY S,SEIBLE F.Seismic performance of sacrificial interior shear keys[J].ACI Structural Journal,2003,100(2):177-187
[23]SILVA P F,MEGALLY S,SEIBLE F.Seismic performance of sacrificial exterior shear keys in bridge abutments[J].Earthquake Spectra,2009,25(3):643–664.
[24]范立础,胡世德.橡胶减震挡块:中国,96230918.4[P].1997-08-27.FAN Lichu,HU Shide.Ductile seismic shear keys of rubber:China,96230918.4[P].1997-08-27.
[25]郝尧生.两种新型橡胶缓冲挡块的研究[D].上海:同济大学,1997.HAO Yaosheng.Research on new types of ductile seismic shear keys of rubber[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,1997.
[26]石岩,秦洪果.地震下城市高架桥横向偏心碰撞响应与防撞效果分析[J].石家庄铁道大学学报,2011(4):23-27;SHI Yan,QIN Hongguo.Analysis of eccentric pounding responses and anti-seismic effect of urban viaduct under transverse earthquake[J].Jour-nal of Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,2011(4):23-27.
[27]许祥,刘伟庆,徐秀丽.新型抗震挡块的抗震性能[J].东南大学学报,2009,39(Sup(II)):165-168.XU Xiang,LIU Weiqing,XU Xiuli.Seismic performance of new side retainer[J].Journal of Southeast University,2009,39(Sup(II)):165-168
[28]刘荣灿,王克成,唐红梅,等.桥梁抗震设计中滑移挡块作用机理[J].重庆交通大学学报,2010,29(2):171-174.LIU Rongcan,WANG Kecheng,TANG Hongmei,et al.Mechanism of sliding block in bridge seismic designing[J].Journal of Chongqing Jiao-tong University,2010,29(2):171-174.
[29]王克海,韦韩,李茜.双层钢板抗震挡块:中国,201020662462.7[P].2010-12-16.WANG Kehai,WEI Han,LI Qian.Double shear keys of steel plate:China,201020662462.7[P].2010-12-16.
[30]王克海,韦韩,李茜.双层钢筋混凝土抗震挡块:中国,201020662424.1[P].2010-12-16.WANG Kehai,WEI Han,LI Qian.Double shear keys of reinforced concrete:China,201020662461.2[P].2010-12-16
[31]王克海,韦韩,李茜.双层组合抗震挡块:中国,201020662461.2[P].2010-12-16.WANG Kehai,WEI Han,LI Qian.Combined shearkeys with steel plate and reinforced concrete:China,201020662424.1[P].2010-12-16
[2]CHEN W F,DUAN L.Bridge Engineering Seismic Design[M].New York:CRC Press,2003.
[3]HUEI YEN.Lessons learned about bridges from earthquake in Taiwan[J].Public Roads,2002,65(4):20-23.
[4]JONSSON M H,BESSASON B,HAFLIDASON E.Earthquake response of a base-isolated bridge subjected to strong near-fault ground motion[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2010(30):447-455.
[5]熊文林,蔡向阳.汶川大地震棉广高速桥梁震害分析[J].华中科技大学学报:城市科学版,2009,26(1):119-122.XIONG Wen1in,CAI Xiangyang.Damage analysis of mianguang highway bridges in Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of HUST:Urban ScienceEdition,2009,26(1):119-122.
[6]庄卫林,刘振宇,蒋劲松.汶川大地震公路桥梁震害分析及对策[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(7):1377-1387.ZHUANG Weilin,lIU Zhenyu,JIANG Jinsong.Earthquake-induced damage analysis of highway bridges in wenchuan earthquake and counter-measures[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(7):1377-1387.
[7]王克海,孙永红,韦韩,等.汶川地震后对我国结构工程抗震的几点思考[J].公路交通科技,2008,21(11):54-59.WANG Kehai,SUN Yonghong,WEI Han,LI Qian,et al.Comments on seismic strengthening for structural engineering in china after wenchuanearthquakes[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2008,21(11):54-59.
[8]陆鸣,温增平,罗韧.汶川地震桥梁震害的特征[J].南京工业大学学报,2009,31(1):25-29.LI Hongjing,LU Ming,WEN Zengping.Characteristics of bridge damages in Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Nanjing University of Technol-ogy,2009,31(1):25-29.
[9]LI Jianzhong,PENG Tianbo,XU Yan.Damage investigation of girder damage bridges under the Wenchuan earthquake and corresponding seismicdesign recommendations[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration.2008,7(4):337-344.
[10]孙治国,王东升,郭迅,等.汶川大地震绵竹市回澜立交桥震害调查[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(4):132-138SUN Zhiguo,WANG Dongsheng,GUO Xun,et al.Damage investigation of Huilan Interchange in Mianzhu after Wenchuan earthquake[J].Jour-nal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2009,29(4):132-138
[11]王东升,郭迅,孙治国.汶川大地震公路桥梁震害初步调查[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(3):84-94.WANG Dongsheng,GUO Xun,SUN Zhiguo,et al.Damage to highway bridges during Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Journal of Earthquake Engi-neering and Engineering Vibration,2009,29(3):84-94.
[12]孟杰,刘钊.汶川地震中的桥梁落梁震害分析及启示[J].结构工程师,2010,26(2):95-100.MENG Jie,LIU Zhao.Causation analysis and enlightenment on bridge unseating in the great Wenchuan earthquake[J].Structural Engineers,2010,26(2):95-100.
[13]李乔,赵世春.汶川大地震工程震害分析[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,2009.LI Qiao,Zhao Shichun.Analysis of seismic damage of engineering structures in Wenchuan earthquake[M].Chengdu Press of SWJTU,2009.
[14]HAN QIANG,DU XIULI,LIU JINBO.Seismic damage of highway bridges during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake[J].Earthquake Engineeringand Engineering Vibration.2009,8(2):263-273.
[15]刘健新,赵国辉.“5.12”汶川地震典型桥梁震害分析[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2009,26(2):92-97.LIU Jianxin,ZHAO Guohui.Typical bridge damage analysis in“5.12’’wenchuan earthquake[J].Journa10f Architecture and Civil Engineer-ing,2009,26(2):92-97.
[16]周国良,崔成臣,刘必灯,等.汶川8.0级地震中几座近断层桥梁失效模式的初步探讨[J].震灾防御技术,2008,3(4):370-378.ZHOU Guoliang,CUI Chengchen,LIU Bideng,et al.Failure modes of near-fault bridges in Wenchuan earthquake[J].Technology for Earth-quake Disaster Prevention,2008,3(4):370-378.
[17]石岩.地震作用下简支梁桥横向碰撞反应分析[D].石家庄:石家庄铁道大学,2011.SHI Yan.Analysis of pounding on seismic responses of simply-supported girder bridges under transverse earthquake[D].Shijiazhuang:SJZTiedao University
[18]殷鹏程,叶爱君.从中美规范比较探讨桥梁结构抗震体系[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2009,31(3):1-8.YIN Pengcheng,YE Aijun.Discussion on bridge earthquake resistance system from comparison work on the codes of China and America[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting,2009,31(3):1-8.
[19]Division of structures of CALTRANS.Seismic Design Criteria:v1.4[S].California:CALTRANS,2006.
[20]贡金鑫,张勤,王雪婷.从汶川地震中桥梁震害看现行国内外桥梁抗震设计方法(二)[J].公路交通科技,2010,27(10):35-46.GONG Jinxin,ZHANG Qin,WANG Xueting.Comparative study on b ridge seism in design approaches in different specifications based on surveyof disaster in Wenchuan earthquake(1)[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2010,27(10):35-46.
[21]MEGALLY S H,SILVA P F,SEIBLE F.Seismic response of sacrificial shear keys in bridge abutments[R].San Diego:Department of structuralengineering university of Califorina,2002.
[22]SILVA P E,MEGALLY S,SEIBLE F.Seismic performance of sacrificial interior shear keys[J].ACI Structural Journal,2003,100(2):177-187
[23]SILVA P F,MEGALLY S,SEIBLE F.Seismic performance of sacrificial exterior shear keys in bridge abutments[J].Earthquake Spectra,2009,25(3):643–664.
[24]范立础,胡世德.橡胶减震挡块:中国,96230918.4[P].1997-08-27.FAN Lichu,HU Shide.Ductile seismic shear keys of rubber:China,96230918.4[P].1997-08-27.
[25]郝尧生.两种新型橡胶缓冲挡块的研究[D].上海:同济大学,1997.HAO Yaosheng.Research on new types of ductile seismic shear keys of rubber[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,1997.
[26]石岩,秦洪果.地震下城市高架桥横向偏心碰撞响应与防撞效果分析[J].石家庄铁道大学学报,2011(4):23-27;SHI Yan,QIN Hongguo.Analysis of eccentric pounding responses and anti-seismic effect of urban viaduct under transverse earthquake[J].Jour-nal of Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,2011(4):23-27.
[27]许祥,刘伟庆,徐秀丽.新型抗震挡块的抗震性能[J].东南大学学报,2009,39(Sup(II)):165-168.XU Xiang,LIU Weiqing,XU Xiuli.Seismic performance of new side retainer[J].Journal of Southeast University,2009,39(Sup(II)):165-168
[28]刘荣灿,王克成,唐红梅,等.桥梁抗震设计中滑移挡块作用机理[J].重庆交通大学学报,2010,29(2):171-174.LIU Rongcan,WANG Kecheng,TANG Hongmei,et al.Mechanism of sliding block in bridge seismic designing[J].Journal of Chongqing Jiao-tong University,2010,29(2):171-174.
[29]王克海,韦韩,李茜.双层钢板抗震挡块:中国,201020662462.7[P].2010-12-16.WANG Kehai,WEI Han,LI Qian.Double shear keys of steel plate:China,201020662462.7[P].2010-12-16.
[30]王克海,韦韩,李茜.双层钢筋混凝土抗震挡块:中国,201020662424.1[P].2010-12-16.WANG Kehai,WEI Han,LI Qian.Double shear keys of reinforced concrete:China,201020662461.2[P].2010-12-16
[31]王克海,韦韩,李茜.双层组合抗震挡块:中国,201020662461.2[P].2010-12-16.WANG Kehai,WEI Han,LI Qian.Combined shearkeys with steel plate and reinforced concrete:China,201020662424.1[P].2010-12-16
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