超长沉管隧道地震响应快速分析方法研究
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摘要
在分析一般隧道结构与沉管隧道的不同点及动力响应差异基础上,明确了沉管隧道地震响应能否准确模拟主要取决于管节接头和节段接头的非线性、地基刚度计算及边界条件处理等;在此基础上建立了超长沉管隧道地震响应快速分析方法,关键点包括基于地震水准的地基刚度计算方法、管节接头剪力键及止水带受力及变形特性计算方法、节段接头剪力键及止水带受力及变形特性计算方法、初始水压力及止水带橡胶松弛影响考虑方法等;然后,基于超长沉管隧道地震响应快速分析方法,对港珠澳大桥超长沉管隧道进行了升温及降温工况下沉管隧道地震响应分析,明确了最不利位置为隧道斜坡段,指出了两侧GINA止水带地震变形量和剪力键剪力为抗震薄弱位置,揭示了节段式沉管隧道温度敏感性。课题研究建立的超长沉管隧道地震响应快速分析方法,能够实现沉管隧道设计与计算的互动,便于工程应用。
Firstly,the difference of the immersed tunnel and ordinary tunnel structure are analyzed.In order to simulate the seismic response of immersed tunnel correctly,several aspects should be considered,which include nonlinear characteristics of the element joint and segment joint,soil stiffness,boundary conditions and the loads,etc.Then a rapid calculating method of seismic analysis of super longest immersed tunnel is proposed,in which the calculating method of soil stiffness in the three directions based on the earthquake level,stress and deformation behaviors for both the shear keys and watertight belts of elemental and segment joints are brought out.Effects of initial water pressure and plastic relaxation are also well considered in the method.Based on this method,seismic response analyses of the immersed tunnel for Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge(HZMB)are implemented under the two extreme temperature conditions,summer and winter.Results show that the slope segments are the most critical sections along the tunnel,and the deformation of GINA and shear forces of shear keys are the critical issues.Furthermore,the sensitive effect of temperature on the segmental immersed tunnel is also addressed and revealed.Furthermore,the proposed method,rapid design method for seismic analysis of ultra-long immersed tunnel,is of benefit to the connection between design and simulation of the immersed tunnel,and thus convenient to the practical application.
Firstly,the difference of the immersed tunnel and ordinary tunnel structure are analyzed.In order to simulate the seismic response of immersed tunnel correctly,several aspects should be considered,which include nonlinear characteristics of the element joint and segment joint,soil stiffness,boundary conditions and the loads,etc.Then a rapid calculating method of seismic analysis of super longest immersed tunnel is proposed,in which the calculating method of soil stiffness in the three directions based on the earthquake level,stress and deformation behaviors for both the shear keys and watertight belts of elemental and segment joints are brought out.Effects of initial water pressure and plastic relaxation are also well considered in the method.Based on this method,seismic response analyses of the immersed tunnel for Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge(HZMB)are implemented under the two extreme temperature conditions,summer and winter.Results show that the slope segments are the most critical sections along the tunnel,and the deformation of GINA and shear forces of shear keys are the critical issues.Furthermore,the sensitive effect of temperature on the segmental immersed tunnel is also addressed and revealed.Furthermore,the proposed method,rapid design method for seismic analysis of ultra-long immersed tunnel,is of benefit to the connection between design and simulation of the immersed tunnel,and thus convenient to the practical application.
引文
[1]Loannis A,Nikos G,Vasileios D,et al.Nonlinear response of deep immersed tunnel to strong seismic shaking[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2007,133:1067-1090.
[2]Jakob H L.Model accuracy in aseismic design of immersed tunnel[D].Aalborg:Aalborg University,2008.
[3]Oorouw Behaviour of segment joints in immersed tunnels under seismic loading[D].Delft:Delft University of Technology,2010.
[4]Zhenxin Li,Guoping Xu.Research on the Seismic Performance of the Super Longest Segmental Immersed Tunnel[C]//Proceedings of the World Tunnel Congress 2012.
[5]Guoping Xu,Zhenxin Li,Hongzhou Liu.Comparative Analysis on the Seismic Performance of the Segmental and Monolithic Super Longest Immersed Tunnel[C]//Proceedings of the World Tunnel Congress,2012.
[6]韩大建,周阿兴,黄炎生.珠江水下沉管隧道的抗震分析与设计(I)—时程响应法[J].华南理工大学学报:自然科学版,1999,27(11):115-121.
[7]韩大建,唐增洪.珠江水下沉管隧道的抗震分析与设计(Ⅱ)—行波法[J].华南理工大学学报:自然科学版,1999,27(11).
[8]严松宏,高峰,等.南京长江沉管隧道的地震安全性评价[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(增2).
[9]O Klyomlya.Earthauqke-resistant design features of immersed tunnels in Japan[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,1995,10(4):463-475.
[10]Osamu Kiyomiya.Earthquake resistance design features of immersed tunnels in Japan[J].Tunnelling Technology to Prevent Water Shortage,1996,(4):214-229.
[11]杨林德,杨超,季倩倩,等.地铁车站的振动台试验与地震响应的计算方法[J].同济大学学报,2003,31(10):35-40.
[12]宫比宁,赵大鹏.地下结构与土动力相互作用试验研究[J].地下空间,2002,22(4):320-324.
[13]郭毅之,金先龙,丁峻宏,等.沉管隧道地震响应分析的并行计算[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(15):23-27.
[14]丁峻宏,金先龙,郭毅之.沉管隧道地震响应的三维非线性数值模拟方法及应用[J].振动与冲击,2005,24(5):18-22.
[2]Jakob H L.Model accuracy in aseismic design of immersed tunnel[D].Aalborg:Aalborg University,2008.
[3]Oorouw Behaviour of segment joints in immersed tunnels under seismic loading[D].Delft:Delft University of Technology,2010.
[4]Zhenxin Li,Guoping Xu.Research on the Seismic Performance of the Super Longest Segmental Immersed Tunnel[C]//Proceedings of the World Tunnel Congress 2012.
[5]Guoping Xu,Zhenxin Li,Hongzhou Liu.Comparative Analysis on the Seismic Performance of the Segmental and Monolithic Super Longest Immersed Tunnel[C]//Proceedings of the World Tunnel Congress,2012.
[6]韩大建,周阿兴,黄炎生.珠江水下沉管隧道的抗震分析与设计(I)—时程响应法[J].华南理工大学学报:自然科学版,1999,27(11):115-121.
[7]韩大建,唐增洪.珠江水下沉管隧道的抗震分析与设计(Ⅱ)—行波法[J].华南理工大学学报:自然科学版,1999,27(11).
[8]严松宏,高峰,等.南京长江沉管隧道的地震安全性评价[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(增2).
[9]O Klyomlya.Earthauqke-resistant design features of immersed tunnels in Japan[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,1995,10(4):463-475.
[10]Osamu Kiyomiya.Earthquake resistance design features of immersed tunnels in Japan[J].Tunnelling Technology to Prevent Water Shortage,1996,(4):214-229.
[11]杨林德,杨超,季倩倩,等.地铁车站的振动台试验与地震响应的计算方法[J].同济大学学报,2003,31(10):35-40.
[12]宫比宁,赵大鹏.地下结构与土动力相互作用试验研究[J].地下空间,2002,22(4):320-324.
[13]郭毅之,金先龙,丁峻宏,等.沉管隧道地震响应分析的并行计算[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(15):23-27.
[14]丁峻宏,金先龙,郭毅之.沉管隧道地震响应的三维非线性数值模拟方法及应用[J].振动与冲击,2005,24(5):18-22.
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