台湾集集地震近场地震动的上盘效应
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摘要
1999年 9月 2 1日 (当地时间 )台湾集集 7.6级地震是一个逆断层型地震 .用回归分析法对台湾集集地震的加速度峰值数据进行分析 ,得出了这次地震的水平与垂直向的加速度峰值衰减关系 .从残差分布上看 ,位于断层上盘和下盘上的加速度峰值与从衰减关系所得到的结果相比存在不同的系统偏差 ,断层上盘地表的加速度峰值较高 ,而下盘地表的加速度峰值较低 .从这次地震的加速度峰值分布等值线图上也可以看出 ,加速度峰值的分布相对于断层呈现明显的不对称性 ,上盘衰减较慢而下盘衰减较快 .在近断层强地面运动研究、地震危险性分析、设定地震研究与震害预测等工作中 ,应考虑可能地震的震源机制特点 ,以便使所用的衰减模型更能反映不同地震环境地区的地震动分布特征
The M 7.6 Chi Chi earthquake, Taiwan, on September 21, 1999 (local time) is a thrust fault earthquake. The empirical attenuation relations of the horizontal and vertical peak ground accelerations (PGA) for the Chi Chi earthquake are developed by regression method. By examining the residuals from the Chi Chi earthquake specific peak acceleration attenuation relations, we find that there are systematic differences between PGA on the hanging wall and footwall. The recorded peak accelerations are higher on the hanging wall and lower on the footwall. The clear asymmetry of PGA distribution to the surface rupture trace can also be seen from the PGA contour map. These evidences indicate that the PGA is attenuated faster on the hanging wall than on the footwall. In the study of near source strong motion, seismic hazard assessment, scenario earthquake and seismic disaster prediction, the style of faulting must be considered in order the attenuation model to reflect the characteristic of ground motion in various seismic environmental regions.
The M 7.6 Chi Chi earthquake, Taiwan, on September 21, 1999 (local time) is a thrust fault earthquake. The empirical attenuation relations of the horizontal and vertical peak ground accelerations (PGA) for the Chi Chi earthquake are developed by regression method. By examining the residuals from the Chi Chi earthquake specific peak acceleration attenuation relations, we find that there are systematic differences between PGA on the hanging wall and footwall. The recorded peak accelerations are higher on the hanging wall and lower on the footwall. The clear asymmetry of PGA distribution to the surface rupture trace can also be seen from the PGA contour map. These evidences indicate that the PGA is attenuated faster on the hanging wall than on the footwall. In the study of near source strong motion, seismic hazard assessment, scenario earthquake and seismic disaster prediction, the style of faulting must be considered in order the attenuation model to reflect the characteristic of ground motion in various seismic environmental regions.
引文
张建兴,吴逸民,辛在勤,等.1999.集集大震初始破裂之探讨.见:台湾“交通部中央气象局”、台湾“中国地球物理学会”编,集集大地震特辑,1～6
李锦发,侯进雄,林朝宗,等.1999.车笼埔断层与9.21集集大地震.见:台湾“交通部中央气象局”、台湾“中国地球物理学会”编,集集大地震特辑,7～36.
LeeW H K,ShinT C,KuoK W,etal.1999.CWB free- field strong- motion data from the9.21Chi-Chi earth-quake:Volume1.Digital acceleration files onCD-ROM.Pre-PublicationVersion(December6,1999),SeismologyCenter,CentralWeatherBureau,Taipei,Taiwan
林庆伟,赖文基,黄敏郎,等.1999.九二一大地震成因与断层活动机制[J].自然科学简讯,11(4):147～155
邱宏智.1999.集集地震之近震源强地动[J].自然科学简讯,11(4):129～135
王国权.2001.921台湾集集地震近断层地面运动特征[D]:[学位论文].中国地震局地质研究所,1～190
余水倍,郭隆晨,许雅儒,等.1999.1999年集集大地震之同震与震后变形[J].自然科学简讯,11(4):156～161
AbrahamsonN A,SilvaW J.1997.Empirical response spectral attenuation relations for shallow crustal earthquakes[J].SeismResLett,68(1):94～109
AbrahamsonN A,SomervilleP G.1996.Effects of the hanging wall and footwall on ground motions recorded during theNorthridge earthquake[J].BullSeismSocAmer,86(1B):S93～S99
BooreD M,JoynerW B,FumalT E.1997.Equationsforestimating horizontal response spectra and peak acceleration fromwesternNorthAmerican earthquakes:a summ ary of recentwork[J].SeismResLett,68(1):128～153
Cam pbellK W.1997.Empirical near- source attenuation relationshipsfor horizontal and vertical com ponentsof peak groundacceleration,peak ground velocity,and pseudo- absolute acceleration responsespectra[J].SeismResLett,68(1):154～179
LohC H.1999.Interpretation of structural damagein921Chi-Chi earthquake[A].InternationalWorkshop onChi-Chi,Tai-wanEarthquake ofSeptember21,1999[C].Taichung,Taiwan:NationalScienceCouncil,5-1～5-77
SadighK,ChangC Y,EganJA,etal.1997.Attenuation relationships forshallow crustal earthquakes based onCaliforniastrong motion data[J].SeismResLett,68(1):180～189
ShinT C.1999.Chi-Chi earthquake-Seismology[A].InternationalWorkshop onChi-Chi,TaiwanEarthquake ofSeptember21,1999[C].Taichung,Taiwan:NationalScienceCouncil,1-1～1-16
ShinT C,KuoK W,LeeW H K,etal.2000.A preliminary reporton the1999Chi-Chi(Taiwan) earthquake[J].SeismResL ett,71(1):24～30
李锦发,侯进雄,林朝宗,等.1999.车笼埔断层与9.21集集大地震.见:台湾“交通部中央气象局”、台湾“中国地球物理学会”编,集集大地震特辑,7～36.
LeeW H K,ShinT C,KuoK W,etal.1999.CWB free- field strong- motion data from the9.21Chi-Chi earth-quake:Volume1.Digital acceleration files onCD-ROM.Pre-PublicationVersion(December6,1999),SeismologyCenter,CentralWeatherBureau,Taipei,Taiwan
林庆伟,赖文基,黄敏郎,等.1999.九二一大地震成因与断层活动机制[J].自然科学简讯,11(4):147～155
邱宏智.1999.集集地震之近震源强地动[J].自然科学简讯,11(4):129～135
王国权.2001.921台湾集集地震近断层地面运动特征[D]:[学位论文].中国地震局地质研究所,1～190
余水倍,郭隆晨,许雅儒,等.1999.1999年集集大地震之同震与震后变形[J].自然科学简讯,11(4):156～161
AbrahamsonN A,SilvaW J.1997.Empirical response spectral attenuation relations for shallow crustal earthquakes[J].SeismResLett,68(1):94～109
AbrahamsonN A,SomervilleP G.1996.Effects of the hanging wall and footwall on ground motions recorded during theNorthridge earthquake[J].BullSeismSocAmer,86(1B):S93～S99
BooreD M,JoynerW B,FumalT E.1997.Equationsforestimating horizontal response spectra and peak acceleration fromwesternNorthAmerican earthquakes:a summ ary of recentwork[J].SeismResLett,68(1):128～153
Cam pbellK W.1997.Empirical near- source attenuation relationshipsfor horizontal and vertical com ponentsof peak groundacceleration,peak ground velocity,and pseudo- absolute acceleration responsespectra[J].SeismResLett,68(1):154～179
LohC H.1999.Interpretation of structural damagein921Chi-Chi earthquake[A].InternationalWorkshop onChi-Chi,Tai-wanEarthquake ofSeptember21,1999[C].Taichung,Taiwan:NationalScienceCouncil,5-1～5-77
SadighK,ChangC Y,EganJA,etal.1997.Attenuation relationships forshallow crustal earthquakes based onCaliforniastrong motion data[J].SeismResLett,68(1):180～189
ShinT C.1999.Chi-Chi earthquake-Seismology[A].InternationalWorkshop onChi-Chi,TaiwanEarthquake ofSeptember21,1999[C].Taichung,Taiwan:NationalScienceCouncil,1-1～1-16
ShinT C,KuoK W,LeeW H K,etal.2000.A preliminary reporton the1999Chi-Chi(Taiwan) earthquake[J].SeismResL ett,71(1):24～30
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