汶川地震震损水库应急抢险与恢复重建措施
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摘要
"5.12"汶川特大地震破坏性强,影响范围广,造成四川省1997座水库不同程度受损,其破坏形式主要有:坝体裂缝;内坡塌陷及滑动;坝体渗漏;放水设施损坏等。阐述了地震造成水库程度损坏情况和影响范围,对震损水库的应急抢险和恢复重建提出了具体指导意见和措施,尽可能地降低震损水库发生次生灾害,减轻灾区经济损失。通过地震灾区10个多月1000余座震损水库的恢复重建实践,已有42座水库完成修复,并取得了阶段性成果。
May 12th Wenchuan Great Earthquake has totally caused 1997 damaged reservoirs to different extents in the Sichuan Province.The damage type mainly includes: cracks,inside collapse,leakage in the reservoir area,and Water discharge facilities damage.In this paper,firstly the damaged situations of damaged reservoirs and the impact range was demonstrated.Then,based on the study of the characters of earthquake-damaged reservoirs,some detailed suggestions and effective way of emergency management and reconstruction were put forward,by which we can lower economic loss and secondary disaster caused by earthquake damaged reservoirs as great as possible.Through the past ten months' hard efforts for reconstructing the damaged reservoir,42 reservoirs have been repaired and stage achievements has been reached.
May 12th Wenchuan Great Earthquake has totally caused 1997 damaged reservoirs to different extents in the Sichuan Province.The damage type mainly includes: cracks,inside collapse,leakage in the reservoir area,and Water discharge facilities damage.In this paper,firstly the damaged situations of damaged reservoirs and the impact range was demonstrated.Then,based on the study of the characters of earthquake-damaged reservoirs,some detailed suggestions and effective way of emergency management and reconstruction were put forward,by which we can lower economic loss and secondary disaster caused by earthquake damaged reservoirs as great as possible.Through the past ten months' hard efforts for reconstructing the damaged reservoir,42 reservoirs have been repaired and stage achievements has been reached.
引文
[1]四川省农田水利局.四川省震损小型水库除险加固实施规划[R].成都:四川省农田水利局报告,2008.
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[5]Liu Jinghua,Yang Huoping.Analysis of standards andmeasurements for resevoirs damagement[J].Yangtze River,2008,39(22):21-22.[柳景华,杨火平.震损水库险情判别标准及方法的初步探讨[J].人民长江,2008,39(22):21-22.]
[6]Zhang Guoxin.Disease genetic analysis and treatment meas-ures research of reservoir dam[J].China Water Resources,2008(11):18-19.[张国新.大坝震害成因及处理措施[J].中国水利,2008(11):18-19.]
[7]吴媚玲.水工建筑物[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1991.
[8]Guo Yonggang,Chang Tinggai,Su Kezhong.Discussion onrelation between water recharge of Zipuping Reservoir andWenchuan Ms8.0 Earthquake[J].Technology for Earth-quake Disaster Prevention,2008,3(3):259-265.[郭永刚,常廷改,苏克忠.汶川8.0级特大地震与紫坪铺水库蓄水关系的讨论[J].震灾防御技术,2008,3(3):259-265.]
[9]Ma Wentao,Li Haiou,Yang Zhuen,et al.Verifying the res-ervoir seismic safety assessments in sichuan province withthe Ms 8.10 Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Seismology andGeology,2008,30(3):706-803.[马文涛,李海鸥,杨主恩,等.汶川Ms8.0地震对四川省水电水利工程场地安全性评价结果的检验[J].地震地质,2008,30(3):706-803.]
[10]Hong Wei.Flood control and drought relief office[J].Yangtze River,2008,39(22):12-13.[洪卫.震损水库的安全度汛对策[J].人民长江,2008,39(22):12-13.]
[11]Zhang Jiafa,Cheng Zhanlin,et al.Damage on earth-rockdams by“5.12”Wenchuan Earthquake and EmergencyHandling[J].Yangtze River,2008,39(22):12-13.[张家发,程展林,等.“5.12”汶川地震对土石坝的震害及应急处置[J].人民长江,2008,39(22):9-11.]
[12]Cui Chuanbai,Dong Cunli.Preventing measurements insmall earth dam reservoir landslide[J].Heilongjiang Sci-ence and Technology of Water Conservancy,2007(6):71-72.[崔传柏,董春丽.水库土坝滑坡的处理[J].黑龙江水利科技,2007(6):71-72.]
[13]虞兴福,周红武,章国荣.灌浆在水库大坝除险加固中的应用[J].岩土工程界,2007,7(7):35-36.
[14]Chen Houqun,Xu Zeping,Lee Min.Wenchuan Earthquakeand seismic safety of large dams[J].Journal of HydraulicEngineering,2008,39(10):1158-1167.[陈厚群,徐泽平,李敏.汶川大地震和大坝抗震安全[J].水利学报,39(10):1158-1167.]
[15]国务院.汶川地震灾后恢复重建总体规划[R].2008.
[2]四川省水利厅.汶川地震四川省水利灾后重建规划报告[R].成都:四川省水利厅报告,2008.
[3]Wang Hua,Zhang Xinhua.Study on the damaged resevoirsand reconstruction of Sichuan province after Wenchuan greatearthquake[J].Yangtze River,2008,39(22):14-16.[王华,张新华.四川省震损水库情况及灾后恢复重建对策[J].人民长江,2008,39(22):14-16.]
[4]Wang Hua.Reflection on the damaged resevoirs and recon-struction after Wenchuan Earthquake[J].China Water Re-sources,2008(22):22-23.[王华.汶川特大地震震损水库的特点及恢复重建的思考[J].中国水利,2008(22):22-23.]
[5]Liu Jinghua,Yang Huoping.Analysis of standards andmeasurements for resevoirs damagement[J].Yangtze River,2008,39(22):21-22.[柳景华,杨火平.震损水库险情判别标准及方法的初步探讨[J].人民长江,2008,39(22):21-22.]
[6]Zhang Guoxin.Disease genetic analysis and treatment meas-ures research of reservoir dam[J].China Water Resources,2008(11):18-19.[张国新.大坝震害成因及处理措施[J].中国水利,2008(11):18-19.]
[7]吴媚玲.水工建筑物[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1991.
[8]Guo Yonggang,Chang Tinggai,Su Kezhong.Discussion onrelation between water recharge of Zipuping Reservoir andWenchuan Ms8.0 Earthquake[J].Technology for Earth-quake Disaster Prevention,2008,3(3):259-265.[郭永刚,常廷改,苏克忠.汶川8.0级特大地震与紫坪铺水库蓄水关系的讨论[J].震灾防御技术,2008,3(3):259-265.]
[9]Ma Wentao,Li Haiou,Yang Zhuen,et al.Verifying the res-ervoir seismic safety assessments in sichuan province withthe Ms 8.10 Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Seismology andGeology,2008,30(3):706-803.[马文涛,李海鸥,杨主恩,等.汶川Ms8.0地震对四川省水电水利工程场地安全性评价结果的检验[J].地震地质,2008,30(3):706-803.]
[10]Hong Wei.Flood control and drought relief office[J].Yangtze River,2008,39(22):12-13.[洪卫.震损水库的安全度汛对策[J].人民长江,2008,39(22):12-13.]
[11]Zhang Jiafa,Cheng Zhanlin,et al.Damage on earth-rockdams by“5.12”Wenchuan Earthquake and EmergencyHandling[J].Yangtze River,2008,39(22):12-13.[张家发,程展林,等.“5.12”汶川地震对土石坝的震害及应急处置[J].人民长江,2008,39(22):9-11.]
[12]Cui Chuanbai,Dong Cunli.Preventing measurements insmall earth dam reservoir landslide[J].Heilongjiang Sci-ence and Technology of Water Conservancy,2007(6):71-72.[崔传柏,董春丽.水库土坝滑坡的处理[J].黑龙江水利科技,2007(6):71-72.]
[13]虞兴福,周红武,章国荣.灌浆在水库大坝除险加固中的应用[J].岩土工程界,2007,7(7):35-36.
[14]Chen Houqun,Xu Zeping,Lee Min.Wenchuan Earthquakeand seismic safety of large dams[J].Journal of HydraulicEngineering,2008,39(10):1158-1167.[陈厚群,徐泽平,李敏.汶川大地震和大坝抗震安全[J].水利学报,39(10):1158-1167.]
[15]国务院.汶川地震灾后恢复重建总体规划[R].2008.
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