考虑流固耦合的桥梁桩基地震反应研究现状
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摘要
大型桥梁桩基地震反应分析是防灾减灾领域的研究热点之一.为追踪这一课题的研究现状,基于深水桥梁桩基地震反应基本特征,总结其流固耦合、场地效应、行波效应等几个重要特征;概括该课题在这些方面的进展,针对其研究现状,指出考虑流体与桥梁基础的动力耦合作用是这一课题研究的重要研究方向;根据流固耦合问题的求解思路,从耦合算法、耦合面数据传递、流场网格运动控制几个方面总结其常用方法.基于大型桥梁桩基地震反应的特点和流固耦合力学的成果,提出将流固耦合力学研究成果引入该领域是一个重要方向;并给出实现该思路的方法和难点.
The dynamic response of large span bridge of pile foundation under earthquake excitation is one of the latest subjects in the research field of disaster prevention and reduction.To trace the research status of this subject,several important features of fluid-structure interaction,site effect and traveling wave effect were summarized.The fluid-structure interaction is an important research direction based on state of arts of this subject.And main methods for FSI(fluid-structure-interaction) problems were summarized from coupling method,data transferring way of coupling surface and control of dynamic mesh by solving methods of FSI problems.Finally,research approach was proposed according features of dynamic response of large span bridge of pile foundation under earthquake excitation and methods of fluid structure interaction mechanics.Also methods and difficulties of this idea were given.
The dynamic response of large span bridge of pile foundation under earthquake excitation is one of the latest subjects in the research field of disaster prevention and reduction.To trace the research status of this subject,several important features of fluid-structure interaction,site effect and traveling wave effect were summarized.The fluid-structure interaction is an important research direction based on state of arts of this subject.And main methods for FSI(fluid-structure-interaction) problems were summarized from coupling method,data transferring way of coupling surface and control of dynamic mesh by solving methods of FSI problems.Finally,research approach was proposed according features of dynamic response of large span bridge of pile foundation under earthquake excitation and methods of fluid structure interaction mechanics.Also methods and difficulties of this idea were given.
引文
[1]瞿振华.跨海大桥下部结构设计与施工技术研究[D].上海:同济大学,2007.
[2]陈国兴.岩土工程地震学[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.
[3]Leung C F,Lim J K,Shen R F,et al.Behavior of pile groupsubject to excavation-induced soil movement[J].Geotechnicaland Geoenvironmental Engineering,2003,129(1):58-65.
[4]Kappos A J,Sextos A G.Effect of foundation type and compli-ance on seismic response of RC bridge[J].Bridge of Engineer-ing,2001,6(2):120-130.
[5]胡世德,范立础.江阴长江公路大桥纵向地震反应分析[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,1994,22(4):433-438.Hu Shide,Fan Lichu.The longitudinal earthquake response a-nalysis for the Jiangyin Yangtze River Bridge[J].Journal ofTongji University:Natural Science Edition,1994,22(4):433-438.
[6]杨伟林,陈国兴,王志华.深厚场地上特大桥墩-群桩-土相互作用体系地震反应特性的二维和三维分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2003(5):124-132.Yang Weilin,Chen Guoxing,Wang Zhihua.2D and 3D seismicresponse analyses of supergiant bridge pier-group piles-soil in-teraction system on deep overburden layers[J].Earthquake En-gineering and Engineering Vibration,2003(5):124-132.
[7]Zai Jinmin,Wang Zhihua,Chen Guoxing,et al.Numericalmodeling of supergiant bridge structure-pile group-soil interaction[C]∥Proceeding of the Third International Conference on Earth-quake Engineering.Nanjing:Intellectual Property PublishingHouse,China Water Power Press,2004:62-70.
[8]王志华,刘汉龙,陈国兴.基于随机地震反应的桥墩-群桩-土相互作用研究[J].岩土力学,2006,27(3):409-413.Wang Zhihua,Liu Hanlong,Chen Guoxing.Study on pier-pilegroup-soil interaction based on stochastic seismic response[J]Rock and Soil Mechanics.2006,27(3):409-413.
[9]李玉成,康海贵,代钦,等.固壁附近水平圆柱在波浪水流共存场中的流动显示及水动力特征[J].海岸工程,1996,15(3):1-6.Li Yucheng,Kang Haigui,Dai Qin,et al.The flowvisualizationand the hydrodynamic characteristic of a circular cylinder near aplane boundary in wave-current coexisting field[J].Coastal En-gineering,1996,15(3):1-6.
[10]Suchithra N,Koola P M.A study of wave impact on horizontalslabs[J].Ocean Engineering,1995,22(7):687-697.
[11]陈熙之,解明雨,孙焕纯.桩-土-结构-水体系相互作用的弹塑性地震反应分析[J].计算结构力学及应用,1985,2(1):31-37.Chen Xizhi,Xie Mingyu,Sun Huanchun.The elasto-plasticearthquake response analysis of piles-soil-structure-water systems[J].Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics,1985,2(1):31-37.
[12]Yamada Y,Iemura H,Kawano K,et al.Seismic response of off-shore structures in random seas[J].Earthquake Engineeringand Structural Dynamics,1989,18:965-981.
[13]赖伟,王君杰,胡世德.地震下桥墩动水压力分析[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,2004,32(1):1-5.Lai Wei,Wang Junjie,Hu Shide.Earthquake induced hydrody-namic pressure on bridge pier[J].Journal of Tongji University:Natural Science Edition,2004,32(1):1-5.
[14]薛世峰,仝兴华,岳伯谦,等.地下流固耦合理论的研究进展及应用[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,2000,24(2):109-114.Xue Shifeng,Tong Xinghua,Yue Boqian,et al.Progress ofseepage-rock mass coupling theory and its application[J].Jour-nal of the University of Petroleum:Natural Sciences Edition,2000,24(2):109-114.
[15]郭术义,陈举华.流固耦合应用研究进展[J].济南大学学报:自然科学版,2004,18(2):123-126.Guo Shuyi,Chen Juhua.Research development of fluid-solid cou-pling typical application[J].Journal of Jinan University:Scienceand Technical Edition,2004,18(2):123-126.
[16]郭承鹏,董军,杨庆华,等.机翼的静气动弹性分析方法研究[J].振动与冲击,2007,26(10):140-144.Guo Chengpeng,Dong Jun,Yang Qinghua,et,al.Study on stat-ic aeroelastic analysis methodology for air craft wings[J].Journalof Vibration and Shock,2007,26(10):140-144.
[17]郭正,谭杰,刘君.振动矩形机翼非线性绕流数值研究[J].国防科技大学学报,2005,27(4):13-17.Guo Zheng,Tan Jie,Liu Jun.A research on the numerial valueof the nonlinear flow of the oscillating rectangular wing[J].Jour-nal of National University of Defense Technology,2005,27(4):13-17.
[18]Yu Xiaofei,Liu Tuguang,Yu Hongkun.Dynamic response of acylindrical shell subjected to underwater explosive loading[J].Journal of Ship Mechanics,2007(3):462-469.
[19]李飞,孙凌玉,张广越,等.圆柱壳结构入水过程的流固耦合仿真与试验[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2007,33(9):1117-1120.Li Fei,Sun Lingyu,Zhang Guangyue,et al.Simulation and ex-periment of cylinder shell structure dropping into water based onfluid structure interaction[J].Journal of Beijing University ofAeronautics and Astronautics,2007,33(9):1117-1120.
[20]Chen Bang-fuh.3D nonlinear hydrodynamic analysis of verticalcylinder during earthquakes:Ⅰ.rigid motion[J].Journal of En-gineering Mechanics,1997,123(5):458-465.
[21]K櫣ttler U,F rster C,Wall W A.A solution for the incompressi-bility dilemma in partitioned fluid structure interaction with pureDirichlet fluid domains[J].Comput Mech,2006,38:417-429.
[22]Zhang Ainian,Suzuki K.Acomparative study of numerical simu-lations for fluid-structure interaction of liquid-filled tank duringship collision[J].Ocean Engineering,2007,34:645-652.
[23]Vierendeels J,Dumont K,Verdonck P R.A partitioned stronglycoupled fluid-structure interaction method to model heart valvedynamics[J].Journal of Computational and Applied Mathemat-ics,2008,215:602-609.
[24]Westergaard H M.Water pressures on dams during earthquakes[J].Trans Amer Soc Civ Eng,1933,98:418-433.
[25]王自力,蒋志勇,顾永宁.船舶碰撞数值仿真的附加质量模型[J].爆炸与冲击,2002,22(4):321-326.Wang Zili,Jiang Zhiyong,Gu Yongning.An added water massmodel for numerical simulation of ship collisions[J].Explosionand Shock Waves,2002,22(4):321-326.
[26]岳宝增,刘延柱,王照林.TLD-结构非线性耦合问题及其动力学特性研究[J].振动与冲击,2000,19(4):1-4.Yue Baozeng,Liu Yanzhu,Wang Zhaolin.Nonlinear coupling oftuned liquid damper-structure and its dynamic characteristicsstudy[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2000,19(4):1-4.
[27]邱流潮,张立翔.地震作用下拱坝-库水耦合振动动水压力分析[J].水动力学研究与进展,2000,15(1):94-103.Qiu Liuchao,Zhang Lixiang.Hydrodynamic pressure analysis ofarch dams with dam-reservoir interaction[J].Journal of Hydro-dynamics,2000,15(1):94-103.
[28]晏启祥,刘浩吾,王忠.流固耦合系统库底边界对动水压力的影响[J].西南交通大学学报,2002,37(3),246-249.Yan Qixiang,Liu Haowu,Wang Zhong.The influence of bound-ary character of reservoir bottom on hydrodynamics in fluid-struc-ture systems[J].Journal of Southwest Jiao Tong University,2002,37(3):246-249.
[29]吴轶,莫海鸿,杨春.排架-渡槽-水三维耦合体系地震响应分析[J].水利学报,2005,36(3):280-285.Wu Yi,Mo Haihong,Yang Chun.Seismic response of frame-supported large rectangular aqueduct-water 3-D coupling system[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2005,36(3):280-285.
[30]张学志,黄维平,李华军.考虑流固耦合时的海洋平台结构非线性动力分析[J].中国海洋大学学报,2005,35(5):823-826.Zhang Xuezhi,Huang Weiping,Li Huajun.Nonlinear dynamicanalysis of offshore platform considering fluid-structure interaction[J].Periodical of Ocean University of China,2005,35(5):823-826.
[31]朱克强,李道根,姚震球,等.海洋浮式结构流固耦合动力建模分析[J].华东船舶工业学院学报:自然科学版,2002,16(1):1-6.Zhu Keqiang,Li Daogen,Yao Zhenqiu,et al.Modal analysismaking on fluid-solid-coupled ocean floating structures[J].Jour-nal of East China Shipbuilding Institute:Natural Sciences Edi-tion,2002,16(1):1-6.
[32]谢浩.三维非线性动态流体-结构耦合数值方法及其应用研究[D].西安:西安交通大学,2003.
[33]Hron J,Turek S.A monolithic FEMmultigrid solver for an ALEformulation of fluid-structure interaction with applications in bio-mechanics[C]∥Fluid Structure Interaction:Volume 53.Berlin:Springer,2006:147-170.
[34]Vierendeels J.Implicit coupling of partitioned fluid-structure in-teraction solvers using reduced order models[C]∥Fluid Struc-ture Interaction:Volume 53.Berlin:Springer,2006:1-18.
[35]朱洪来,白象忠.流固耦合问题的描述方法及分类简化准则[J].工程力学,2007(10):92-99.Zhu Honglai,Bai Xiangzhong.Description method and simplifiedclassification rule for fluid-solid interaction problems[J].Engi-neering Mechanics,2007(10):92-99.
[36]Farhat C,Lesoinne M,LeTallec P.Load and motion transfer al-gorithms for fluid-structure interaction problems with non-matc-hing discrete interfaces:momentum and energy conservation,op-timal discretization and application to aeroelasticity[J].ComputMethods Appl Mech Engrg,1998,157:95-114.
[37]Hirt C W,Amsden AA,Cook J L.An arbitrary Lagrangian-Eu-lerian computing method for all flowspeeds[J].Journal of Com-putational Physics,1997,135:203-216.
[38]Kjellgren P,Hyv R J.An arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian finite el-ement method[J].Computational Mechanics,1998,21:81-90.
[39]Soulaimani A,Saadb Y.An arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian finiteelement method for solving three-dimensional free surface flows[J].Comput Methods Appl Mech Engrg,1998,162:79-106.
[40]Anderson J D.Computational fluid dynamics:the basic with ap-plications[M].NewYork:McGraw-Hill Companies,Inc,1995.
[2]陈国兴.岩土工程地震学[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.
[3]Leung C F,Lim J K,Shen R F,et al.Behavior of pile groupsubject to excavation-induced soil movement[J].Geotechnicaland Geoenvironmental Engineering,2003,129(1):58-65.
[4]Kappos A J,Sextos A G.Effect of foundation type and compli-ance on seismic response of RC bridge[J].Bridge of Engineer-ing,2001,6(2):120-130.
[5]胡世德,范立础.江阴长江公路大桥纵向地震反应分析[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,1994,22(4):433-438.Hu Shide,Fan Lichu.The longitudinal earthquake response a-nalysis for the Jiangyin Yangtze River Bridge[J].Journal ofTongji University:Natural Science Edition,1994,22(4):433-438.
[6]杨伟林,陈国兴,王志华.深厚场地上特大桥墩-群桩-土相互作用体系地震反应特性的二维和三维分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2003(5):124-132.Yang Weilin,Chen Guoxing,Wang Zhihua.2D and 3D seismicresponse analyses of supergiant bridge pier-group piles-soil in-teraction system on deep overburden layers[J].Earthquake En-gineering and Engineering Vibration,2003(5):124-132.
[7]Zai Jinmin,Wang Zhihua,Chen Guoxing,et al.Numericalmodeling of supergiant bridge structure-pile group-soil interaction[C]∥Proceeding of the Third International Conference on Earth-quake Engineering.Nanjing:Intellectual Property PublishingHouse,China Water Power Press,2004:62-70.
[8]王志华,刘汉龙,陈国兴.基于随机地震反应的桥墩-群桩-土相互作用研究[J].岩土力学,2006,27(3):409-413.Wang Zhihua,Liu Hanlong,Chen Guoxing.Study on pier-pilegroup-soil interaction based on stochastic seismic response[J]Rock and Soil Mechanics.2006,27(3):409-413.
[9]李玉成,康海贵,代钦,等.固壁附近水平圆柱在波浪水流共存场中的流动显示及水动力特征[J].海岸工程,1996,15(3):1-6.Li Yucheng,Kang Haigui,Dai Qin,et al.The flowvisualizationand the hydrodynamic characteristic of a circular cylinder near aplane boundary in wave-current coexisting field[J].Coastal En-gineering,1996,15(3):1-6.
[10]Suchithra N,Koola P M.A study of wave impact on horizontalslabs[J].Ocean Engineering,1995,22(7):687-697.
[11]陈熙之,解明雨,孙焕纯.桩-土-结构-水体系相互作用的弹塑性地震反应分析[J].计算结构力学及应用,1985,2(1):31-37.Chen Xizhi,Xie Mingyu,Sun Huanchun.The elasto-plasticearthquake response analysis of piles-soil-structure-water systems[J].Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics,1985,2(1):31-37.
[12]Yamada Y,Iemura H,Kawano K,et al.Seismic response of off-shore structures in random seas[J].Earthquake Engineeringand Structural Dynamics,1989,18:965-981.
[13]赖伟,王君杰,胡世德.地震下桥墩动水压力分析[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,2004,32(1):1-5.Lai Wei,Wang Junjie,Hu Shide.Earthquake induced hydrody-namic pressure on bridge pier[J].Journal of Tongji University:Natural Science Edition,2004,32(1):1-5.
[14]薛世峰,仝兴华,岳伯谦,等.地下流固耦合理论的研究进展及应用[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,2000,24(2):109-114.Xue Shifeng,Tong Xinghua,Yue Boqian,et al.Progress ofseepage-rock mass coupling theory and its application[J].Jour-nal of the University of Petroleum:Natural Sciences Edition,2000,24(2):109-114.
[15]郭术义,陈举华.流固耦合应用研究进展[J].济南大学学报:自然科学版,2004,18(2):123-126.Guo Shuyi,Chen Juhua.Research development of fluid-solid cou-pling typical application[J].Journal of Jinan University:Scienceand Technical Edition,2004,18(2):123-126.
[16]郭承鹏,董军,杨庆华,等.机翼的静气动弹性分析方法研究[J].振动与冲击,2007,26(10):140-144.Guo Chengpeng,Dong Jun,Yang Qinghua,et,al.Study on stat-ic aeroelastic analysis methodology for air craft wings[J].Journalof Vibration and Shock,2007,26(10):140-144.
[17]郭正,谭杰,刘君.振动矩形机翼非线性绕流数值研究[J].国防科技大学学报,2005,27(4):13-17.Guo Zheng,Tan Jie,Liu Jun.A research on the numerial valueof the nonlinear flow of the oscillating rectangular wing[J].Jour-nal of National University of Defense Technology,2005,27(4):13-17.
[18]Yu Xiaofei,Liu Tuguang,Yu Hongkun.Dynamic response of acylindrical shell subjected to underwater explosive loading[J].Journal of Ship Mechanics,2007(3):462-469.
[19]李飞,孙凌玉,张广越,等.圆柱壳结构入水过程的流固耦合仿真与试验[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2007,33(9):1117-1120.Li Fei,Sun Lingyu,Zhang Guangyue,et al.Simulation and ex-periment of cylinder shell structure dropping into water based onfluid structure interaction[J].Journal of Beijing University ofAeronautics and Astronautics,2007,33(9):1117-1120.
[20]Chen Bang-fuh.3D nonlinear hydrodynamic analysis of verticalcylinder during earthquakes:Ⅰ.rigid motion[J].Journal of En-gineering Mechanics,1997,123(5):458-465.
[21]K櫣ttler U,F rster C,Wall W A.A solution for the incompressi-bility dilemma in partitioned fluid structure interaction with pureDirichlet fluid domains[J].Comput Mech,2006,38:417-429.
[22]Zhang Ainian,Suzuki K.Acomparative study of numerical simu-lations for fluid-structure interaction of liquid-filled tank duringship collision[J].Ocean Engineering,2007,34:645-652.
[23]Vierendeels J,Dumont K,Verdonck P R.A partitioned stronglycoupled fluid-structure interaction method to model heart valvedynamics[J].Journal of Computational and Applied Mathemat-ics,2008,215:602-609.
[24]Westergaard H M.Water pressures on dams during earthquakes[J].Trans Amer Soc Civ Eng,1933,98:418-433.
[25]王自力,蒋志勇,顾永宁.船舶碰撞数值仿真的附加质量模型[J].爆炸与冲击,2002,22(4):321-326.Wang Zili,Jiang Zhiyong,Gu Yongning.An added water massmodel for numerical simulation of ship collisions[J].Explosionand Shock Waves,2002,22(4):321-326.
[26]岳宝增,刘延柱,王照林.TLD-结构非线性耦合问题及其动力学特性研究[J].振动与冲击,2000,19(4):1-4.Yue Baozeng,Liu Yanzhu,Wang Zhaolin.Nonlinear coupling oftuned liquid damper-structure and its dynamic characteristicsstudy[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2000,19(4):1-4.
[27]邱流潮,张立翔.地震作用下拱坝-库水耦合振动动水压力分析[J].水动力学研究与进展,2000,15(1):94-103.Qiu Liuchao,Zhang Lixiang.Hydrodynamic pressure analysis ofarch dams with dam-reservoir interaction[J].Journal of Hydro-dynamics,2000,15(1):94-103.
[28]晏启祥,刘浩吾,王忠.流固耦合系统库底边界对动水压力的影响[J].西南交通大学学报,2002,37(3),246-249.Yan Qixiang,Liu Haowu,Wang Zhong.The influence of bound-ary character of reservoir bottom on hydrodynamics in fluid-struc-ture systems[J].Journal of Southwest Jiao Tong University,2002,37(3):246-249.
[29]吴轶,莫海鸿,杨春.排架-渡槽-水三维耦合体系地震响应分析[J].水利学报,2005,36(3):280-285.Wu Yi,Mo Haihong,Yang Chun.Seismic response of frame-supported large rectangular aqueduct-water 3-D coupling system[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2005,36(3):280-285.
[30]张学志,黄维平,李华军.考虑流固耦合时的海洋平台结构非线性动力分析[J].中国海洋大学学报,2005,35(5):823-826.Zhang Xuezhi,Huang Weiping,Li Huajun.Nonlinear dynamicanalysis of offshore platform considering fluid-structure interaction[J].Periodical of Ocean University of China,2005,35(5):823-826.
[31]朱克强,李道根,姚震球,等.海洋浮式结构流固耦合动力建模分析[J].华东船舶工业学院学报:自然科学版,2002,16(1):1-6.Zhu Keqiang,Li Daogen,Yao Zhenqiu,et al.Modal analysismaking on fluid-solid-coupled ocean floating structures[J].Jour-nal of East China Shipbuilding Institute:Natural Sciences Edi-tion,2002,16(1):1-6.
[32]谢浩.三维非线性动态流体-结构耦合数值方法及其应用研究[D].西安:西安交通大学,2003.
[33]Hron J,Turek S.A monolithic FEMmultigrid solver for an ALEformulation of fluid-structure interaction with applications in bio-mechanics[C]∥Fluid Structure Interaction:Volume 53.Berlin:Springer,2006:147-170.
[34]Vierendeels J.Implicit coupling of partitioned fluid-structure in-teraction solvers using reduced order models[C]∥Fluid Struc-ture Interaction:Volume 53.Berlin:Springer,2006:1-18.
[35]朱洪来,白象忠.流固耦合问题的描述方法及分类简化准则[J].工程力学,2007(10):92-99.Zhu Honglai,Bai Xiangzhong.Description method and simplifiedclassification rule for fluid-solid interaction problems[J].Engi-neering Mechanics,2007(10):92-99.
[36]Farhat C,Lesoinne M,LeTallec P.Load and motion transfer al-gorithms for fluid-structure interaction problems with non-matc-hing discrete interfaces:momentum and energy conservation,op-timal discretization and application to aeroelasticity[J].ComputMethods Appl Mech Engrg,1998,157:95-114.
[37]Hirt C W,Amsden AA,Cook J L.An arbitrary Lagrangian-Eu-lerian computing method for all flowspeeds[J].Journal of Com-putational Physics,1997,135:203-216.
[38]Kjellgren P,Hyv R J.An arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian finite el-ement method[J].Computational Mechanics,1998,21:81-90.
[39]Soulaimani A,Saadb Y.An arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian finiteelement method for solving three-dimensional free surface flows[J].Comput Methods Appl Mech Engrg,1998,162:79-106.
[40]Anderson J D.Computational fluid dynamics:the basic with ap-plications[M].NewYork:McGraw-Hill Companies,Inc,1995.
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