桥梁横向地震碰撞响应研究进展
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摘要
在强震作用下,桥梁上、下部结构由于动力特性的不同而发生不同相振动,从而引起梁体与挡块间的非线性碰撞。汶川大地震中,大量公路桥梁遭到严重破坏,横向抗震挡块破坏尤其严重,其中部分是由于横向碰撞而引起。针对这种碰撞现象,对正交简支梁桥、连续梁桥、斜交桥及高速铁路桥梁的横向碰撞反应进行了回顾和总结,并介绍了横桥向防撞措施及震后加固技术的研究现状,同时指出目前我国在这方面亟需解决的问题和进一步研究的方向。
Strong earthquake motions can induce out-of-phase vibrations between superstructures and substructures due to differences in dynamic characteristics,which can result in nonlinear pounding between girders and shear keys if the relative displacements exceed their initial gaps.Many highway bridges were destroyed in the Wenchuan earthquake,and many lateral shear keys extensively suffered severe damage partly caused by pounding between shear keys and girders.Based on the pounding phenomenon between girders and shear keys under transverse earthquake,the pounding response of simple-supported beam bridge,continuous girder bridge,skew bridge and simple-supported box girder on the high-speed railway are reviewed and summarized systematically.The state of pounding mitigation measures and post-earthquake retrofit are presented,and some recommendations for future research on seismic response of bridges under transverse earthquakes are offered.
Strong earthquake motions can induce out-of-phase vibrations between superstructures and substructures due to differences in dynamic characteristics,which can result in nonlinear pounding between girders and shear keys if the relative displacements exceed their initial gaps.Many highway bridges were destroyed in the Wenchuan earthquake,and many lateral shear keys extensively suffered severe damage partly caused by pounding between shear keys and girders.Based on the pounding phenomenon between girders and shear keys under transverse earthquake,the pounding response of simple-supported beam bridge,continuous girder bridge,skew bridge and simple-supported box girder on the high-speed railway are reviewed and summarized systematically.The state of pounding mitigation measures and post-earthquake retrofit are presented,and some recommendations for future research on seismic response of bridges under transverse earthquakes are offered.
引文
[1]王军文,李建中,范立础.桥梁结构地震碰撞效应及防落梁措施研究现状[J].公路交通科技,2007,25(4):71-75.
[2]CHEN W F,LIAN DUAN.Bridge engineering seismic design[M].New York:CRC Press,2003.
[3]HUEI YEN.Lessons learned about bridges from earthquake in Taiwan[J].Public Roads,2002,65(4):20-23.
[4]JONSSON M H,BESSASON B,HAFLIDASON E.Earthquake response of a base-isolated bridge subjected to strong near-faultground motion[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2010(30):447-455.
[5]熊文林,蔡向阳.汶川大地震棉广高速桥梁震害分析[J].华中科技大学学报:城市科学版,2009,26(1):119-122.
[6]庄卫林,刘振宇,蒋劲松.汶川大地震公路桥梁震害分析及对策[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(7):1377-1387.
[7]Sun Limin,Goto Yozo.Simulations on effectiveness of energy dissipating buffer for reducing response of bridge during largeearthquake[C].Mexico:11th WCEE,1996.
[8]MALEKI S.Effect of side retainers on seismic response of bridges with elastomeric bearings[J].Journal of Bridge Engineer-ing,2004,9(1):95-100.
[9]GOELANIL R K,CHOPRA K.Role of shear keys in seismic behavior of bridges crossing fault-rupture zones[J].Journal ofBridge Engineering,2008,13(4):398-408.
[10]聂利英,李建中,范立础.地震作用下结构碰撞的模型参数及其影响分析[J].工程力学,2005,22(5):143-146.
[11]邓育林,彭天波,李建中.地震作用下桥梁结构横向碰撞模型及参数分析[J].振动与冲击,2007,26(9):104-107,119.
[12]石岩.地震作用下简支梁桥横向碰撞反应分析[D].石家庄:石家庄铁道大学土木工程学院,2011.
[13]叶爱君.大跨度桥梁抗震设计[D].上海:同济大学土木工程学院,1998.
[14]安宁.铅芯橡胶支座隔震桥梁横向地震反应分析[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学土木工程学院,2006.
[15]邓育林,彭凯,李建中.地震作用下横向碰撞对连续梁桥地震反应的影响[J].结构工程师,2007,23(2):64-68,79.
[16]王军文,李建中,范立础.非规则梁桥横桥向地震碰撞反应分析[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(6):25-30.
[17]徐略勤,李建中,吴陶晶.碰撞效应对非规则梁桥横向地震反应的影响[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(4):95-123.
[18]范立础,李建中.汶川桥梁震害分析与抗震设计对策[J].公路,2009(5):121-128.
[19]杜修力,韩强,李忠献.汶川地震中山区公路桥梁震害及启示[J].北京工业大学学报,2008,34(12):1270-1279.
[20]王克海,孙永红,韦韩,等.汶川地震后对我国结构工程抗震的几点思考[J].公路交通科技,2008,21(11):54-59.
[21]MARAGAKIS E A,JENNlNG P C.Analytical models for the rigid body motions of skew bridges[J].Earthquake Engineeringand Structural Dynamics,1987,15(1):923-944.
[22]MALEKI S.Seismic design force for single-span slab-girder skewed bridges[J].Electronic Journal of Structural Engineering,2001(2):135-142.
[23]MALEKI S.Seismic modeling of skewed bridges with elastomeric bearings and side retainers[J].Journal of Bridge Engineer-ing,2005,10(4):442-449.
[24]TIRASIT P,KAWASHIMA K.Seismic torsion response of skewed bridge piers[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering,2006(28):1-8.
[25]SAADEGHVAZIRI M A,YAZDANI-MOTLAGH A R.Seismic behavior and capacity/demand analyses of three multi-spansimply supported bridges[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2008(30):54-66.
[26]Dimitrakopoulos E G.Seismic response analysis of skew bridges with pounding deck-abutment joints[J].Journal of StructuralEngineering,2011(33):813-826.
[27]孟宪锋,朱晞.近场地震作用下高速铁路简支梁桥的碰撞行为[J].北京交通大学学报,2006,30(4):73-76.
[28]聂利英,范立础.地震作用下城市立交抗震挡防撞措施分析[J].中国公路学报,2006,19(3):49-53.
[29]王宇.变墩高公路桥梁的地震易损性分析[D].上海:同济大学土木工程学院,2007.
[30]PADGETT J E,DESROCHES R.Sensitivity of seismic response and fragility to parameter uncertainty[J].Journal of Structur-al Engineering,2007,133(12):1710-1718.
[31]PADGETT J E,DESROCHES R.Three-dimensional nonlinear seismic performance evaluation of retrofit measures for typicalsteel girder bridges[J].Engineering Structures,2008(30):1869-1878.
[2]CHEN W F,LIAN DUAN.Bridge engineering seismic design[M].New York:CRC Press,2003.
[3]HUEI YEN.Lessons learned about bridges from earthquake in Taiwan[J].Public Roads,2002,65(4):20-23.
[4]JONSSON M H,BESSASON B,HAFLIDASON E.Earthquake response of a base-isolated bridge subjected to strong near-faultground motion[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2010(30):447-455.
[5]熊文林,蔡向阳.汶川大地震棉广高速桥梁震害分析[J].华中科技大学学报:城市科学版,2009,26(1):119-122.
[6]庄卫林,刘振宇,蒋劲松.汶川大地震公路桥梁震害分析及对策[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(7):1377-1387.
[7]Sun Limin,Goto Yozo.Simulations on effectiveness of energy dissipating buffer for reducing response of bridge during largeearthquake[C].Mexico:11th WCEE,1996.
[8]MALEKI S.Effect of side retainers on seismic response of bridges with elastomeric bearings[J].Journal of Bridge Engineer-ing,2004,9(1):95-100.
[9]GOELANIL R K,CHOPRA K.Role of shear keys in seismic behavior of bridges crossing fault-rupture zones[J].Journal ofBridge Engineering,2008,13(4):398-408.
[10]聂利英,李建中,范立础.地震作用下结构碰撞的模型参数及其影响分析[J].工程力学,2005,22(5):143-146.
[11]邓育林,彭天波,李建中.地震作用下桥梁结构横向碰撞模型及参数分析[J].振动与冲击,2007,26(9):104-107,119.
[12]石岩.地震作用下简支梁桥横向碰撞反应分析[D].石家庄:石家庄铁道大学土木工程学院,2011.
[13]叶爱君.大跨度桥梁抗震设计[D].上海:同济大学土木工程学院,1998.
[14]安宁.铅芯橡胶支座隔震桥梁横向地震反应分析[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学土木工程学院,2006.
[15]邓育林,彭凯,李建中.地震作用下横向碰撞对连续梁桥地震反应的影响[J].结构工程师,2007,23(2):64-68,79.
[16]王军文,李建中,范立础.非规则梁桥横桥向地震碰撞反应分析[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(6):25-30.
[17]徐略勤,李建中,吴陶晶.碰撞效应对非规则梁桥横向地震反应的影响[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(4):95-123.
[18]范立础,李建中.汶川桥梁震害分析与抗震设计对策[J].公路,2009(5):121-128.
[19]杜修力,韩强,李忠献.汶川地震中山区公路桥梁震害及启示[J].北京工业大学学报,2008,34(12):1270-1279.
[20]王克海,孙永红,韦韩,等.汶川地震后对我国结构工程抗震的几点思考[J].公路交通科技,2008,21(11):54-59.
[21]MARAGAKIS E A,JENNlNG P C.Analytical models for the rigid body motions of skew bridges[J].Earthquake Engineeringand Structural Dynamics,1987,15(1):923-944.
[22]MALEKI S.Seismic design force for single-span slab-girder skewed bridges[J].Electronic Journal of Structural Engineering,2001(2):135-142.
[23]MALEKI S.Seismic modeling of skewed bridges with elastomeric bearings and side retainers[J].Journal of Bridge Engineer-ing,2005,10(4):442-449.
[24]TIRASIT P,KAWASHIMA K.Seismic torsion response of skewed bridge piers[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering,2006(28):1-8.
[25]SAADEGHVAZIRI M A,YAZDANI-MOTLAGH A R.Seismic behavior and capacity/demand analyses of three multi-spansimply supported bridges[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2008(30):54-66.
[26]Dimitrakopoulos E G.Seismic response analysis of skew bridges with pounding deck-abutment joints[J].Journal of StructuralEngineering,2011(33):813-826.
[27]孟宪锋,朱晞.近场地震作用下高速铁路简支梁桥的碰撞行为[J].北京交通大学学报,2006,30(4):73-76.
[28]聂利英,范立础.地震作用下城市立交抗震挡防撞措施分析[J].中国公路学报,2006,19(3):49-53.
[29]王宇.变墩高公路桥梁的地震易损性分析[D].上海:同济大学土木工程学院,2007.
[30]PADGETT J E,DESROCHES R.Sensitivity of seismic response and fragility to parameter uncertainty[J].Journal of Structur-al Engineering,2007,133(12):1710-1718.
[31]PADGETT J E,DESROCHES R.Three-dimensional nonlinear seismic performance evaluation of retrofit measures for typicalsteel girder bridges[J].Engineering Structures,2008(30):1869-1878.
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