地震时隧道衬砌受力敏感性的简化理论分析
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摘要
为了分析地震区隧道对各影响因素的敏感性,把隧道简化为圆形用拟静力法考虑地震的作用;围岩压力简化为均布,运用结构力学中的力法原理,结合敏感度函数的定义,推导了衬砌的内力(弯矩、轴力、剪力)关于垂直和水平地震作用力、地震作用下增加的孔隙水压力和围岩压力的敏感度函数。并对一工程实例进行了计算。结果表明:衬砌内力对各影响因素的敏感性与各因素数值的大小无关,与衬砌结构形状及侧压力系数有关;并随着侧压力系数的增加敏感性减小,表明浅埋隧道对地震的作用更敏感;衬砌对水平地震作用敏感性最大,并指出了一些最敏感的部位;孔隙水压力的存在有助于改善隧道的受力。
A pseudo-static analysis method is presented to calculate sensitivity of lining internal forces due to earthquake action considering influential factors such as vertical and horizontal seismic loads,pore pressure build up,and rock pressure.The method is applied to a engineering project also.Results show that: the sensitivity has no relation to the value of the influential factors,but to the shape of the tunnel and coefficient of lateral pressure;the sensitivity is in the direct proportion to the coefficient of lateral pressure,which implies that shallow buried tunnels are more sensitive to seismic load;horizontal seismic load is the most sensitive factor of lining forces and some most sensitive positions are given;water pore pressure is good to lining′s internal forces.
A pseudo-static analysis method is presented to calculate sensitivity of lining internal forces due to earthquake action considering influential factors such as vertical and horizontal seismic loads,pore pressure build up,and rock pressure.The method is applied to a engineering project also.Results show that: the sensitivity has no relation to the value of the influential factors,but to the shape of the tunnel and coefficient of lateral pressure;the sensitivity is in the direct proportion to the coefficient of lateral pressure,which implies that shallow buried tunnels are more sensitive to seismic load;horizontal seismic load is the most sensitive factor of lining forces and some most sensitive positions are given;water pore pressure is good to lining′s internal forces.
引文
[1]李应斌,林艺勇,刘洋.抗震设计中结构的极限状态与性能目标[J].西北地震学报,2004,26(1):24-27.
[2]刘红玫,林学文.甘肃省农村各种结构类型房屋的地震破坏机理[J].西北地震学报,2007,29(1):75-79.
[3]Hwang Jin-Hung,Lu Chih-Chieh.Seismic capacity assessment ofold Sanyi railway tunnels[J].Tunnelling and Underground SpaceTechnology,2007,22(4):433-449.
[4]Pakbaz Mohammad C.2-D analysis of circular tunnel againstearthquake loading[J].Tunnelling and Underground SpaceTechnology,2005,20(5):411-417.
[5]Konagai K,Kim D S.Simple evaluation of the effect of seismic i-solation by covering a tunnel with a thin flexible material[J].SoilDynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2001,21(4):287-295.
[6]严松宏,高波,潘昌实.地震作用下沉管隧道接头力学性能分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(3):286-289.
[7]陈贵红,李玉文.地震区公路隧道洞门设计[J].公路,2003(10):19-22.
[8]李云鹏,王芝银,韩常领,等.考虑地震影响的小间距隧道围岩流变损伤[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2006,26(2):51-56.
[9]杨小礼,张丙强,王志斌,等.浅埋大跨度连拱隧道地震反应分析[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2006,37(5):991-996.
[10]刘晶波,李彬,谷音.地铁盾构隧道地震反应分析[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2005,45(6):757-760.
[11]许增会,宋宏伟,赵坚.地震对隧道围岩稳定性影响的数值模拟分析[J].中国矿业大学学报,2004,33(1):41-44.
[12]杨为民,李术才,李晓静.参数敏感性分析方法及其在琅琊山蓄能电站地下厂房工程中的应用[A]//鲁东大学首届岩土与地下工程科技研讨会论文集[C].北京:北京交通大学出版社,2005.
[13]杨小礼,李亮,刘宝琛.强震作用下交通隧道的拟静态反应[J].中国公路学报,2001,14(4):55-58.
[14]SEED B,ZDRISS M.Simplified procedure for evaluating soilliquefaction potential[J].Journal of the Geotechnical Engineer-ing Division,American Society of Civil Engineering,1971,97(9):1249-1274.
[15]DANIELP ADEL.Procedure to evaluate earthquake-induced set-tlements in dry sandy soils[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geo-environmental Engineering,1998,124(4):364-368.
[2]刘红玫,林学文.甘肃省农村各种结构类型房屋的地震破坏机理[J].西北地震学报,2007,29(1):75-79.
[3]Hwang Jin-Hung,Lu Chih-Chieh.Seismic capacity assessment ofold Sanyi railway tunnels[J].Tunnelling and Underground SpaceTechnology,2007,22(4):433-449.
[4]Pakbaz Mohammad C.2-D analysis of circular tunnel againstearthquake loading[J].Tunnelling and Underground SpaceTechnology,2005,20(5):411-417.
[5]Konagai K,Kim D S.Simple evaluation of the effect of seismic i-solation by covering a tunnel with a thin flexible material[J].SoilDynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2001,21(4):287-295.
[6]严松宏,高波,潘昌实.地震作用下沉管隧道接头力学性能分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(3):286-289.
[7]陈贵红,李玉文.地震区公路隧道洞门设计[J].公路,2003(10):19-22.
[8]李云鹏,王芝银,韩常领,等.考虑地震影响的小间距隧道围岩流变损伤[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2006,26(2):51-56.
[9]杨小礼,张丙强,王志斌,等.浅埋大跨度连拱隧道地震反应分析[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2006,37(5):991-996.
[10]刘晶波,李彬,谷音.地铁盾构隧道地震反应分析[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2005,45(6):757-760.
[11]许增会,宋宏伟,赵坚.地震对隧道围岩稳定性影响的数值模拟分析[J].中国矿业大学学报,2004,33(1):41-44.
[12]杨为民,李术才,李晓静.参数敏感性分析方法及其在琅琊山蓄能电站地下厂房工程中的应用[A]//鲁东大学首届岩土与地下工程科技研讨会论文集[C].北京:北京交通大学出版社,2005.
[13]杨小礼,李亮,刘宝琛.强震作用下交通隧道的拟静态反应[J].中国公路学报,2001,14(4):55-58.
[14]SEED B,ZDRISS M.Simplified procedure for evaluating soilliquefaction potential[J].Journal of the Geotechnical Engineer-ing Division,American Society of Civil Engineering,1971,97(9):1249-1274.
[15]DANIELP ADEL.Procedure to evaluate earthquake-induced set-tlements in dry sandy soils[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geo-environmental Engineering,1998,124(4):364-368.
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