动水对深水大跨刚构桥地震响应影响
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摘要
深水大跨刚构桥在地震荷载作用下,水下结构部分与周围水体之间相互作用必然导致结构受到水体运动产生的动水力的作用。在已有Morison动水理论的基础上,利用深水大跨桥梁在动力荷载作用下的动水力简便计算方法,以某一大跨深水刚构桥为对象,分析了动水对刚构桥结构动力特性和地震反应的影响。主要结论有:水与刚构桥下部结构相互作用将使刚构桥自振周期有所增大,其中有水状态下桥梁第1阶自振周期相对无水时增大了4.72%;地震作用下动水对刚构桥结构内力有显著的影响,使桥墩底部弯矩最多增大了76.57%,平均增大了28.72%。并且动水使桥墩顶部位移平均增大了18.41%。且不同类型地震作用时,动水对桥梁动力响应的影响不尽相同。在深水大跨刚构桥进行抗震设计中,动水对桥梁动力响应的影响不容忽略。
When deep-water long-span rigid frame bridge suffers from seismic load,the interaction between underwater structure and surrounding water will inevitably lead to the hydrodynamic force applied to the structure.Based on the Morison hydrodynamic theory,taken a long-span deep-water rigid frame bridge as research object,the hydrodynamic effect on the dynamic characteristic and seismic response of the rigid frame bridge was analyzed using the simplified calculation method of hydrodynamic force.The main results show that(1) the natural vibration period of the rigid frame bridge was increased in the effect of the interaction of water and substructure in deep-water,the predominant period was enlarged by 4.72% relative to no water;(2) in the earthquake,the hydrodynamic effect on the internal force of the rigid frame bridge structure was significant in which the bending moment at the bottom of the pier was increased by 76.57% at maximum and the average bending moment was increased by 28.72%,and the displacement of the pier top was increased by 18.41% in average;(3) in different types of earthquake,the influence of hydrodynamic force on the dynamic response of the bridge was not identical.In the seismic design of long-span deep-water rigid frame bridges,the hydrodynamic effect on the dynamic response of bridges should not be ignored.
When deep-water long-span rigid frame bridge suffers from seismic load,the interaction between underwater structure and surrounding water will inevitably lead to the hydrodynamic force applied to the structure.Based on the Morison hydrodynamic theory,taken a long-span deep-water rigid frame bridge as research object,the hydrodynamic effect on the dynamic characteristic and seismic response of the rigid frame bridge was analyzed using the simplified calculation method of hydrodynamic force.The main results show that(1) the natural vibration period of the rigid frame bridge was increased in the effect of the interaction of water and substructure in deep-water,the predominant period was enlarged by 4.72% relative to no water;(2) in the earthquake,the hydrodynamic effect on the internal force of the rigid frame bridge structure was significant in which the bending moment at the bottom of the pier was increased by 76.57% at maximum and the average bending moment was increased by 28.72%,and the displacement of the pier top was increased by 18.41% in average;(3) in different types of earthquake,the influence of hydrodynamic force on the dynamic response of the bridge was not identical.In the seismic design of long-span deep-water rigid frame bridges,the hydrodynamic effect on the dynamic response of bridges should not be ignored.
引文
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[2]WESTERGAARD H M.Water Pressures on Dams duringEarthquakes[J].Transactions of the American Society ofCivil Engineers,1933,98:418-433.
[3]SAVAGE J L.Earthquake Studies for Pit River Bridge[J].Civil Engineering,1939,9(8):470-472.
[4]朱晞,高学奎.桥梁抗震分析中动水压力的计算[J].中国铁道科学,2007,28(3):44-48.ZHU Xi,GAO Xuekui.Calculation of HydrodynamicPressure in the Seismic Design of Bridge[J].ChinaRailway Science,2007,28(3):44-48.
[5]赖伟,王君杰,胡世德.地震下桥墩动水压力分析[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,2004,32(1):19-24.LAI Wei,WANG Junjie,HU Shide.Earthquake InducedHydrodynamic Pressure on Bridge Pier[J].Journal ofTongji University:Natural Science Edition,2004,32(1):19-24.
[6]宋波,张国明,李悦.桥墩与水相互作用的振动台试验研究[J].北京科技大学学报,2010,32(3):403-408.SONG Bo,ZHANG Guoming,LI Yue.Shaking Table Testof Pier-water Interaction[J].Journal of University ofScience and Technology Beijing,2010,32(3):403-408.
[7]李悦,宋波.动水对斜拉桥结构动力响应影响研究[J].土木工程学报,2010,43(12):94-99.LI Yue,SONG Bo.Study of the Effect of HydrodynamicForce on Cable-stayed Bridges under Earthquake[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2010,43(12):94-99.
[8]李悦,宋波,黄帅.地震时作用于深水桥墩上的动水力及对桥墩动力响应的影响[J].北京科技大学学报,2011,33(3):388-394.LI Yue,SONG Bo,HUANG Shuai.Hydrodynamic Forceand Its Effect on the Dynamic Response of Deep-waterBridge Piers in Earthquake[J].Journal of University ofScience and Technology Beijing,2011,33(3):388-394.
[9]宋波,李悦.高桩承台动水力简便计算方法研究[J].北京科技大学学报,2011,33(4):509-514.SONG Bo,LI Yue.Simplified Calculation Method ofHydrodynamic Force for Elevated Pile Caps[J].Journalof University of Science and Technology Beijing,2011,33(4):509-514.
[10]赖伟,郑铁华,雷勇.Morison方程中动水阻力项对桥梁桩柱地震反应的影响[J].四川建筑科学研究,2007(4):163-168.LAI Wei,ZHENG Tiehua,LEI Yong.The Effect ofHydrodynamic Drag Force in Morison Equation on theSeismic Response of Piles[J].Sichuan Building Science,2007(4):163-168.
[11]王克海.桥梁抗震研究[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2007.WANG Kehai.Bridge Seismic Research[M].Beijing:China Railway Publishing House,2007.
[12]日本道路协会.道路桥示方书(同解说)[M].东京:丸善出版社,2001.Institute of Japan Highway.Design Specification of JapanHighway Bridge(Explanation)[M].Tokyo:MaruzenLtd.,2001.
[13]International Conference of Building Officials.UniformBuilding Code[M].Whittier,CA:The World's LeadingSource in Code Publications,1997.
[14]王克海,李茜.高墩桥梁地震响应分析[J].世界桥梁,2006(1):41-43.WANG Kehai,LI Qian.Analysis of Seismic Response ofBridges with High-rise Piers[J].World Bridges,2006(1):41-43.
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